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This book systematically provides an overview of the use of a wide range of spectroscopic methods (Mid- and Near-Infrared, Infrared Emission, Raman, Solid-State Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-ray Photoelectron, Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure, X-ray Absorption Near Edge, Electron Spin and Mössbauer spectroscopy) to investigate kaolin minerals (kaolinite, dickite, nacrite and halloysite) and their modifications (intercalation compounds, nanocomposites and other modifications).
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Methods in the Study of Kaolin Minerals and Their Modifications by : Jacob (Theo) Kloprogge
Download or read book Spectroscopic Methods in the Study of Kaolin Minerals and Their Modifications written by Jacob (Theo) Kloprogge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-10 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically provides an overview of the use of a wide range of spectroscopic methods (Mid- and Near-Infrared, Infrared Emission, Raman, Solid-State Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-ray Photoelectron, Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure, X-ray Absorption Near Edge, Electron Spin and Mössbauer spectroscopy) to investigate kaolin minerals (kaolinite, dickite, nacrite and halloysite) and their modifications (intercalation compounds, nanocomposites and other modifications).
This book gives an update on recent developments in different engineering disciplines such as mechanical, materials, computer and process engineering, focusing on modern engineering design applications. These disciplines provide the foundation for the design and development of improved structures, materials and processes. The modern design cycle is characterized by an interaction of different disciplines and a strong shift to computer-based approaches where only a few experiments are performed for verification purposes. A major driver for this development is the increased demand for cost reduction, which is also connected to environmental demands. In the transportation industry (e.g., automotive), this is connected to the demand for higher fuel efficiency, which is related to the operational costs and the lower harm for the environment. One way to fulfill such requirements is lighter structures and/or improved processes for energy conversion. Another emerging area is the interaction of classical engineering with the health, medical and environmental sector. The chapters are selected contributions of the Advanced Computational Engineering and Experimenting conference, held in July 2022 in Florence, Italy.
Book Synopsis Engineering Design Applications V by : Andreas Öchsner
Download or read book Engineering Design Applications V written by Andreas Öchsner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an update on recent developments in different engineering disciplines such as mechanical, materials, computer and process engineering, focusing on modern engineering design applications. These disciplines provide the foundation for the design and development of improved structures, materials and processes. The modern design cycle is characterized by an interaction of different disciplines and a strong shift to computer-based approaches where only a few experiments are performed for verification purposes. A major driver for this development is the increased demand for cost reduction, which is also connected to environmental demands. In the transportation industry (e.g., automotive), this is connected to the demand for higher fuel efficiency, which is related to the operational costs and the lower harm for the environment. One way to fulfill such requirements is lighter structures and/or improved processes for energy conversion. Another emerging area is the interaction of classical engineering with the health, medical and environmental sector. The chapters are selected contributions of the Advanced Computational Engineering and Experimenting conference, held in July 2022 in Florence, Italy.
This book addresses the basic understanding of food contaminants and their sources, followed by the techniques to measure food safety and quality. It is divided into four parts: Part A - sources of contaminants in foods, their associated health risks, and integrated management and alternative options to minimize contaminants; Part B - Technological assessment of conventional methods and selected advanced methods for the detection, identification and enumeration of microbial contaminates; Part C - Technological assessment of different chemical measurements techniques; and Part D – Technological assessment of different instrumental techniques to assess sensory properties of foods. Food safety is a growing concern due to the increase in food-borne illnesses caused by food adulteration, excessive use of pesticides, use of chemical preservatives and artificial fruit ripening agents, microbial contaminations, and improper food handling. Chemical contaminants in food could be transferred from environmental or agrochemical sources, personal care products, and other by-products of water disinfects. In addition, microbial food safety can be threatened due to the presence of many pathogens, such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Globally, strict regulations are imposed to limit the potential contaminants in foods. Development of accurate, rapid, and inexpensive approaches to test food contamination and adulteration would be highly valued to ensure global food safety. There are existing processes to ensure safety of food products from chemical and microbial contaminants. Apart from the existing measurement technologies, varieties of new techniques are also being emerged and these could be potential to ensure food safety and quality. In addition to chemical and microbial properties, sensory properties such as texture, mouth feel, flavor, and taste, are among the most important attributes of food products to ensure their acceptability by consumers. Two approaches are available to evaluate sensory properties of food products, namely subjective and objective analyses. The responses are perceived by all five senses: smell, taste, sight, touch, and hearing. The approach used in sensory evaluation varies depending on the types of foods and the ultimate goal of the testing. Sensory attributes are the most important quality parameters after ensuring the safety of foods.
Book Synopsis Techniques to Measure Food Safety and Quality by : Mohidus Samad Khan
Download or read book Techniques to Measure Food Safety and Quality written by Mohidus Samad Khan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-22 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the basic understanding of food contaminants and their sources, followed by the techniques to measure food safety and quality. It is divided into four parts: Part A - sources of contaminants in foods, their associated health risks, and integrated management and alternative options to minimize contaminants; Part B - Technological assessment of conventional methods and selected advanced methods for the detection, identification and enumeration of microbial contaminates; Part C - Technological assessment of different chemical measurements techniques; and Part D – Technological assessment of different instrumental techniques to assess sensory properties of foods. Food safety is a growing concern due to the increase in food-borne illnesses caused by food adulteration, excessive use of pesticides, use of chemical preservatives and artificial fruit ripening agents, microbial contaminations, and improper food handling. Chemical contaminants in food could be transferred from environmental or agrochemical sources, personal care products, and other by-products of water disinfects. In addition, microbial food safety can be threatened due to the presence of many pathogens, such as Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Clostridium botulinum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Globally, strict regulations are imposed to limit the potential contaminants in foods. Development of accurate, rapid, and inexpensive approaches to test food contamination and adulteration would be highly valued to ensure global food safety. There are existing processes to ensure safety of food products from chemical and microbial contaminants. Apart from the existing measurement technologies, varieties of new techniques are also being emerged and these could be potential to ensure food safety and quality. In addition to chemical and microbial properties, sensory properties such as texture, mouth feel, flavor, and taste, are among the most important attributes of food products to ensure their acceptability by consumers. Two approaches are available to evaluate sensory properties of food products, namely subjective and objective analyses. The responses are perceived by all five senses: smell, taste, sight, touch, and hearing. The approach used in sensory evaluation varies depending on the types of foods and the ultimate goal of the testing. Sensory attributes are the most important quality parameters after ensuring the safety of foods.
HIGH ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE CREAMICS Pond and fly ash waste materials generated by thermal power stations pollute the environment; this book demonstrates how the utilization of these materials minimizes environmental pollution and conserves land for cultivation. This book highlights the preparation of ceramics using pond/fly ash. Since the mullite phase formed by heat treatment improves the properties of ceramics, current investigations will perhaps be the first attempt to develop ceramics using pond ash. The properties of components made with these developed ceramics are found to be comparable to those made with porcelain. The extensively reviewed chapters of this book illustrate the current status of research on these materials. At the end of each of the 10 chapters, conclusions are drawn which will benefit researchers working in this area. Subjects discussed include: The fundamentals of thermal power plant wastes; Different production methods of ceramics and various characterization techniques; The preparation of ceramics from fly ash and fly ash/kaolin composite; The production of ceramics using pond ash; The preparation and characterization of geopolymer from pond ash and the preparation of pond ash composite; Production of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) using pond ash and pyrophyllite; The preparation of ceramics using pond ash and k-feldspar mixture. Audience The book will be used by civil engineers in the construction and ceramic industries as well as the industrial waste sector. Researchers in materials science, structural, civil and electrical engineering, environmental science, and ceramic engineering, will also have interest. Industries that have an interest include construction, electrical, and ceramic industries as well as pollution and waste sectors.
Book Synopsis High Electrical Resistance Ceramics by : Muktikanta Panigrahi
Download or read book High Electrical Resistance Ceramics written by Muktikanta Panigrahi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIGH ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE CREAMICS Pond and fly ash waste materials generated by thermal power stations pollute the environment; this book demonstrates how the utilization of these materials minimizes environmental pollution and conserves land for cultivation. This book highlights the preparation of ceramics using pond/fly ash. Since the mullite phase formed by heat treatment improves the properties of ceramics, current investigations will perhaps be the first attempt to develop ceramics using pond ash. The properties of components made with these developed ceramics are found to be comparable to those made with porcelain. The extensively reviewed chapters of this book illustrate the current status of research on these materials. At the end of each of the 10 chapters, conclusions are drawn which will benefit researchers working in this area. Subjects discussed include: The fundamentals of thermal power plant wastes; Different production methods of ceramics and various characterization techniques; The preparation of ceramics from fly ash and fly ash/kaolin composite; The production of ceramics using pond ash; The preparation and characterization of geopolymer from pond ash and the preparation of pond ash composite; Production of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) using pond ash and pyrophyllite; The preparation of ceramics using pond ash and k-feldspar mixture. Audience The book will be used by civil engineers in the construction and ceramic industries as well as the industrial waste sector. Researchers in materials science, structural, civil and electrical engineering, environmental science, and ceramic engineering, will also have interest. Industries that have an interest include construction, electrical, and ceramic industries as well as pollution and waste sectors.
HIGH ELECTRICAL RESISTANT MATERIALS The book describes how the utilization of high-carbon slag/pond ash/fly ash for making value-added ceramics is useful for the electrical sectors. Since waste materials are currently endangering our environment, ways of utilizing them have become a global challenge. Currently, R&D work is being carried out to utilize these materials for producing value-added products. This book details the investigations to utilize fly ash (FA) and pond ash (PA) - both waste materials from thermal power plants - with high-carbon ferrochrome (HCFC) slag (by-product of the ferrochrome industry), for producing a novel material for ceramics. Kaolin/K-feldspar is mixed with PA/HCFC slag to produce ceramics with the formation of mullite. The FA/PA/HCFC slag-based ceramics can replace porcelain-based ceramics, and some permanent ceramic structures can be constructed with such wastes. Properties and structures made with ceramics are found to be comparable with those made with porcelain-based ceramics. Performances of these materials above ambient temperature have been evaluated and results indicate the possible replacement of porcelain with these newly invented ceramics. Audience The book will be used by electrical and civil engineers in the electrical, construction, and ceramic industries as well as the industrial waste sector. Researchers in materials science, structural, civil and electrical engineering, environmental science, and ceramic engineering, will also have high interest.
Book Synopsis High Electrical Resistant Materials by : Muktikanta Panigrahi
Download or read book High Electrical Resistant Materials written by Muktikanta Panigrahi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-04-02 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: HIGH ELECTRICAL RESISTANT MATERIALS The book describes how the utilization of high-carbon slag/pond ash/fly ash for making value-added ceramics is useful for the electrical sectors. Since waste materials are currently endangering our environment, ways of utilizing them have become a global challenge. Currently, R&D work is being carried out to utilize these materials for producing value-added products. This book details the investigations to utilize fly ash (FA) and pond ash (PA) - both waste materials from thermal power plants - with high-carbon ferrochrome (HCFC) slag (by-product of the ferrochrome industry), for producing a novel material for ceramics. Kaolin/K-feldspar is mixed with PA/HCFC slag to produce ceramics with the formation of mullite. The FA/PA/HCFC slag-based ceramics can replace porcelain-based ceramics, and some permanent ceramic structures can be constructed with such wastes. Properties and structures made with ceramics are found to be comparable with those made with porcelain-based ceramics. Performances of these materials above ambient temperature have been evaluated and results indicate the possible replacement of porcelain with these newly invented ceramics. Audience The book will be used by electrical and civil engineers in the electrical, construction, and ceramic industries as well as the industrial waste sector. Researchers in materials science, structural, civil and electrical engineering, environmental science, and ceramic engineering, will also have high interest.
Book Synopsis A Raman Spectroscopic Study of Kaolinite by : Clifford Thomas Johnston
Download or read book A Raman Spectroscopic Study of Kaolinite written by Clifford Thomas Johnston and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This volume provides an overview of the types of spectroscopic methods in current use for characterization of crystal structure, chemistry, morphology, and excited states of minerals. Its 23 chapters cover topics such as the numerous means of mineral spectroscopy applied to the determinization of composition, purity, interaction with energy, characterization of active centers, and adsorbate interactions. It also addresses the structural and physical properties of minerals associated with chemical promotion of chemical reactions, the storage of electronic energy in most naturally occurring minerals, and spectroscopic means by which biologically deposited minerals can be distinguished from geologically deposited ones.
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Characterization of Minerals and Their Surfaces by : American Chemical Society. Meeting
Download or read book Spectroscopic Characterization of Minerals and Their Surfaces written by American Chemical Society. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an overview of the types of spectroscopic methods in current use for characterization of crystal structure, chemistry, morphology, and excited states of minerals. Its 23 chapters cover topics such as the numerous means of mineral spectroscopy applied to the determinization of composition, purity, interaction with energy, characterization of active centers, and adsorbate interactions. It also addresses the structural and physical properties of minerals associated with chemical promotion of chemical reactions, the storage of electronic energy in most naturally occurring minerals, and spectroscopic means by which biologically deposited minerals can be distinguished from geologically deposited ones.
A knowledge of clay is important in many spheres of scientific endeav our, particularly in natural sciences such as geology, mineralogy and soil science, but also in more applied areas like environmental and mater ials science. Over the last two decades research into clay mineralogy has been strongly influenced by the development and application of a num ber of spectroscopic techniques which are now able to yield information about clay materials at a level of detail that previously would have seemed inconceivable. This information relates not only to the precise characterization of the individual clay components themselves, but also to the ways in which these components interact with a whole range of absorbate molecules. At present, however, the fruits of this research are to be found principally in a somewhat widely dispersed form in the scientific journals, and it was thus considered to be an appropriate time to bring together a compilation of these spectroscopic techniques in a way which would make them more accessible to the non-specialist. This is the primary aim of this book. The authors of the various chapters first describe the principles and instrumentation of the individual spectro scopic techniques, assuming a minimum of prior knowledge, and then go on to show how these methods have been usefully applied to clay mineralogy in its broadest context.
Book Synopsis Clay Mineralogy: Spectroscopic and Chemical Determinative Methods by : M.H. Repacholi
Download or read book Clay Mineralogy: Spectroscopic and Chemical Determinative Methods written by M.H. Repacholi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A knowledge of clay is important in many spheres of scientific endeav our, particularly in natural sciences such as geology, mineralogy and soil science, but also in more applied areas like environmental and mater ials science. Over the last two decades research into clay mineralogy has been strongly influenced by the development and application of a num ber of spectroscopic techniques which are now able to yield information about clay materials at a level of detail that previously would have seemed inconceivable. This information relates not only to the precise characterization of the individual clay components themselves, but also to the ways in which these components interact with a whole range of absorbate molecules. At present, however, the fruits of this research are to be found principally in a somewhat widely dispersed form in the scientific journals, and it was thus considered to be an appropriate time to bring together a compilation of these spectroscopic techniques in a way which would make them more accessible to the non-specialist. This is the primary aim of this book. The authors of the various chapters first describe the principles and instrumentation of the individual spectro scopic techniques, assuming a minimum of prior knowledge, and then go on to show how these methods have been usefully applied to clay mineralogy in its broadest context.
Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Science covers significant advances in the technological aspects and applications of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques used in the Earth and Materials Sciences. The current volume compliments the now classic Volume 18, Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology, which became an essential resource to many scientists and educators for the past two decades. This volume updates techniques covered in Volume 18, and introduces new techniques available for probing the secrets of Earth materials, such as X-ray Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy. Other important topics including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) are also covered.
Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Sciences by : Grant Henderson
Download or read book Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Sciences written by Grant Henderson and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-11-21 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Material Science covers significant advances in the technological aspects and applications of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques used in the Earth and Materials Sciences. The current volume compliments the now classic Volume 18, Spectroscopic Methods in Mineralogy and Geology, which became an essential resource to many scientists and educators for the past two decades. This volume updates techniques covered in Volume 18, and introduces new techniques available for probing the secrets of Earth materials, such as X-ray Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy. Other important topics including Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) are also covered.
Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies of Clay Minerals, Volume 8 in the Developments in Clay Science series, is an up-to-date overview of spectroscopic techniques used in the study of clay minerals. The methods include infrared spectroscopy, covering near-IR (NIR), mid-IR (MIR), far-IR (FIR) and IR emission spectroscopy (IES), as well as FT-Raman spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. This book complements the succinct introductions to these methods described in the original Handbook of Clay Science (Volumes 1, 1st Edition and 5B, 2nd Edition), offering greater depth and featuring the most important literature since the development and application of these techniques in clay science. No other book covers such a wide variety of vibrational spectroscopic techniques in a single volume for clay and soil scientists. Includes a systematic review of spectroscopic methods Covers the theory of infrared and Raman spectroscopies and instrumentation Features a series of chapters each covering either a particular technique or application
Book Synopsis Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies of Clay Minerals by :
Download or read book Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies of Clay Minerals written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infrared and Raman Spectroscopies of Clay Minerals, Volume 8 in the Developments in Clay Science series, is an up-to-date overview of spectroscopic techniques used in the study of clay minerals. The methods include infrared spectroscopy, covering near-IR (NIR), mid-IR (MIR), far-IR (FIR) and IR emission spectroscopy (IES), as well as FT-Raman spectroscopy and Raman microscopy. This book complements the succinct introductions to these methods described in the original Handbook of Clay Science (Volumes 1, 1st Edition and 5B, 2nd Edition), offering greater depth and featuring the most important literature since the development and application of these techniques in clay science. No other book covers such a wide variety of vibrational spectroscopic techniques in a single volume for clay and soil scientists. Includes a systematic review of spectroscopic methods Covers the theory of infrared and Raman spectroscopies and instrumentation Features a series of chapters each covering either a particular technique or application