Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay

Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 2016

Total Pages: 0

ISBN-13:

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The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.


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Download or read book Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.

Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay

Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay

Author: Vincenzo Crunelli

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2016-05-20

Total Pages: 233

ISBN-13: 2889198421

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The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.


Book Synopsis Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay by : Vincenzo Crunelli

Download or read book Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay written by Vincenzo Crunelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.

Neural Control Engineering

Neural Control Engineering

Author: Steven J. Schiff

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2011-11-10

Total Pages: 403

ISBN-13: 0262015374

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How powerful new methods in nonlinear control engineering can be applied to neuroscience, from fundamental model formulation to advanced medical applications. Over the past sixty years, powerful methods of model-based control engineering have been responsible for such dramatic advances in engineering systems as autolanding aircraft, autonomous vehicles, and even weather forecasting. Over those same decades, our models of the nervous system have evolved from single-cell membranes to neuronal networks to large-scale models of the human brain. Yet until recently control theory was completely inapplicable to the types of nonlinear models being developed in neuroscience. The revolution in nonlinear control engineering in the late 1990s has made the intersection of control theory and neuroscience possible. In Neural Control Engineering, Steven Schiff seeks to bridge the two fields, examining the application of new methods in nonlinear control engineering to neuroscience. After presenting extensive material on formulating computational neuroscience models in a control environment—including some fundamentals of the algorithms helpful in crossing the divide from intuition to effective application—Schiff examines a range of applications, including brain-machine interfaces and neural stimulation. He reports on research that he and his colleagues have undertaken showing that nonlinear control theory methods can be applied to models of single cells, small neuronal networks, and large-scale networks in disease states of Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. With Neural Control Engineering the reader acquires a working knowledge of the fundamentals of control theory and computational neuroscience sufficient not only to understand the literature in this trandisciplinary area but also to begin working to advance the field. The book will serve as an essential guide for scientists in either biology or engineering and for physicians who wish to gain expertise in these areas.


Book Synopsis Neural Control Engineering by : Steven J. Schiff

Download or read book Neural Control Engineering written by Steven J. Schiff and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-11-10 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How powerful new methods in nonlinear control engineering can be applied to neuroscience, from fundamental model formulation to advanced medical applications. Over the past sixty years, powerful methods of model-based control engineering have been responsible for such dramatic advances in engineering systems as autolanding aircraft, autonomous vehicles, and even weather forecasting. Over those same decades, our models of the nervous system have evolved from single-cell membranes to neuronal networks to large-scale models of the human brain. Yet until recently control theory was completely inapplicable to the types of nonlinear models being developed in neuroscience. The revolution in nonlinear control engineering in the late 1990s has made the intersection of control theory and neuroscience possible. In Neural Control Engineering, Steven Schiff seeks to bridge the two fields, examining the application of new methods in nonlinear control engineering to neuroscience. After presenting extensive material on formulating computational neuroscience models in a control environment—including some fundamentals of the algorithms helpful in crossing the divide from intuition to effective application—Schiff examines a range of applications, including brain-machine interfaces and neural stimulation. He reports on research that he and his colleagues have undertaken showing that nonlinear control theory methods can be applied to models of single cells, small neuronal networks, and large-scale networks in disease states of Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. With Neural Control Engineering the reader acquires a working knowledge of the fundamentals of control theory and computational neuroscience sufficient not only to understand the literature in this trandisciplinary area but also to begin working to advance the field. The book will serve as an essential guide for scientists in either biology or engineering and for physicians who wish to gain expertise in these areas.

Cortical Evolution in Primates

Cortical Evolution in Primates

Author: Steven P. Wise

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2023-12-07

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 019286839X

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The book provides a stand-alone resource for neuroscience graduate students and established neuroscientists who have an interest in cortical evolution and primates.


Book Synopsis Cortical Evolution in Primates by : Steven P. Wise

Download or read book Cortical Evolution in Primates written by Steven P. Wise and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-12-07 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a stand-alone resource for neuroscience graduate students and established neuroscientists who have an interest in cortical evolution and primates.

Neuroscience

Neuroscience

Author: Claudia Krebs

Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Published: 2011-08-01

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 1451110456

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This new title in the best-sellingLippincott's Illustrated Reviewsseries presents essential coverage of neuroscience focusing on topics related to human health and disease.Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Neuroscienceincludes the popular features of the series: abundance of full-color, annotated illustrations; chapter overviews; expanded outline format; chapter summaries; and review questions that link basic science to real-life clinical situations. The book can be used as a text for a stand-alone neuroscience/neuroanatomy course in medical, health professions, and upper-level undergraduate programs or as a review for boards. A companion website features the fully searchable online text, an interactive Question Bank for students, an Image Bank for instructors to use to create PowerPoint presentations, and animations created at the authors' school.


Book Synopsis Neuroscience by : Claudia Krebs

Download or read book Neuroscience written by Claudia Krebs and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new title in the best-sellingLippincott's Illustrated Reviewsseries presents essential coverage of neuroscience focusing on topics related to human health and disease.Lippincott's Illustrated Reviews: Neuroscienceincludes the popular features of the series: abundance of full-color, annotated illustrations; chapter overviews; expanded outline format; chapter summaries; and review questions that link basic science to real-life clinical situations. The book can be used as a text for a stand-alone neuroscience/neuroanatomy course in medical, health professions, and upper-level undergraduate programs or as a review for boards. A companion website features the fully searchable online text, an interactive Question Bank for students, an Image Bank for instructors to use to create PowerPoint presentations, and animations created at the authors' school.

The Thalamus

The Thalamus

Author: Michael M. Halassa

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2022-09-01

Total Pages: 1325

ISBN-13: 1108632742

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The thalamus is a key structure in the mammalian brain, providing a hub for communication within and across distributed forebrain networks. Research in this area has undergone a revolution in the last decade, with findings that suggest an expanded role for the thalamus in sensory processing, motor control, arousal regulation, and cognition. Moving beyond previous studies of anatomy and cell neurochemistry, scientists have expanded into investigations of cognitive function, and harness new methods and theories of neural computation. This book provides a survey of topics at the cutting edge of this field, covering basic anatomy, evolution, development, physiology and computation. It is also the first book to combine these disciplines in one place, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of thalamus research, and will be an essential resource for students and experts in biology, medicine and computer science.


Book Synopsis The Thalamus by : Michael M. Halassa

Download or read book The Thalamus written by Michael M. Halassa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 1325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is a key structure in the mammalian brain, providing a hub for communication within and across distributed forebrain networks. Research in this area has undergone a revolution in the last decade, with findings that suggest an expanded role for the thalamus in sensory processing, motor control, arousal regulation, and cognition. Moving beyond previous studies of anatomy and cell neurochemistry, scientists have expanded into investigations of cognitive function, and harness new methods and theories of neural computation. This book provides a survey of topics at the cutting edge of this field, covering basic anatomy, evolution, development, physiology and computation. It is also the first book to combine these disciplines in one place, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of thalamus research, and will be an essential resource for students and experts in biology, medicine and computer science.

Development of Normal Fetal Movements

Development of Normal Fetal Movements

Author: Alessandra Piontelli

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2010-11-08

Total Pages: 139

ISBN-13: 8847014026

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This work sees the light for various reasons. There is a general lack of detailed information about the earliest stages of human motor development. The reasons for this are explained more fully in the Introduction; here we may simply state that, apart from their intrinsic interest, earlier phenomena are fundamental to the comprehension of later phenomena rooted in them, whether pathological or normal. This is especially so in the rapidly - veloping young organism. At birth the neonate is catapulted into a profoundly different physical and social envir- ment requiring extremely diverse functioning: suffice it to mention aerial respiration, no longer being fed through the placenta and the cord, and the full impact of gravity on neonatal movements. The neonate generally adapts smoothly to the transition, as it has been equipped to do so during the 9 months of pregnancy. However, the study of the early stages of fetal motor development should not be exclusively directed towards the und- standing of functioning in the neonate.


Book Synopsis Development of Normal Fetal Movements by : Alessandra Piontelli

Download or read book Development of Normal Fetal Movements written by Alessandra Piontelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-08 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work sees the light for various reasons. There is a general lack of detailed information about the earliest stages of human motor development. The reasons for this are explained more fully in the Introduction; here we may simply state that, apart from their intrinsic interest, earlier phenomena are fundamental to the comprehension of later phenomena rooted in them, whether pathological or normal. This is especially so in the rapidly - veloping young organism. At birth the neonate is catapulted into a profoundly different physical and social envir- ment requiring extremely diverse functioning: suffice it to mention aerial respiration, no longer being fed through the placenta and the cord, and the full impact of gravity on neonatal movements. The neonate generally adapts smoothly to the transition, as it has been equipped to do so during the 9 months of pregnancy. However, the study of the early stages of fetal motor development should not be exclusively directed towards the und- standing of functioning in the neonate.

Cortical Function: a View from the Thalamus

Cortical Function: a View from the Thalamus

Author: V. A. Casagrande

Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing

Published: 2005-10-17

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13: 9780444516794

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Almost all of the messages that are received by the cerebral cortex from the environment or from the body's internal receptors come through the thalamus and much current thought about perceptual processing is based on sensory pathways that relay in the thalamus. This volume focuses on three major areas: the role of thalamocortical communication in cognition and attention; the role of the thalamus in communication between cortical areas; the hypothesis that much or all of the information relayed by thalamus, even to classical, pure "sensory" areas of cortex, represents a corollary message being sent simultaneously to motor centers. It presents a broad overview of important recent advances in these areas. * Provides a look at brain structures involved in perception and action * Includes summaries by leading investigators in the field * Presents recent advances in our understanding of brain functions


Book Synopsis Cortical Function: a View from the Thalamus by : V. A. Casagrande

Download or read book Cortical Function: a View from the Thalamus written by V. A. Casagrande and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2005-10-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all of the messages that are received by the cerebral cortex from the environment or from the body's internal receptors come through the thalamus and much current thought about perceptual processing is based on sensory pathways that relay in the thalamus. This volume focuses on three major areas: the role of thalamocortical communication in cognition and attention; the role of the thalamus in communication between cortical areas; the hypothesis that much or all of the information relayed by thalamus, even to classical, pure "sensory" areas of cortex, represents a corollary message being sent simultaneously to motor centers. It presents a broad overview of important recent advances in these areas. * Provides a look at brain structures involved in perception and action * Includes summaries by leading investigators in the field * Presents recent advances in our understanding of brain functions

Functional Connections of Cortical Areas

Functional Connections of Cortical Areas

Author: S. Murray Sherman

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2013-08-09

Total Pages: 299

ISBN-13: 0262315009

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Two leading authorities on thalamocortical connections consider how the neural circuits of the brain relate to our actions and perceptions. In this book, two leading authorities on the thalamus and its relationship to cortex build on their earlier findings to arrive at new ways of thinking about how the brain relates to the world, to cognition, and behavior. Based on foundations established earlier in their book Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function, the authors consider the implications of these ground rules for thalamic inputs, thalamocortical connections, and cortical outputs. The authors argue that functional and structural analyses of pathways connecting thalamus and cortex point beyond these to lower centers and through them to the body and the world. Each cortical area depends on the messages linking it to body and world. These messages relate to the way we act and think; each cortical area receives thalamic inputs and has outputs to motor centers. Sherman and Guillery go on to discuss such topics as the role of branching axons that carry motor instructions as well as copies of these motor instructions for relay to cortex under the control of the thalamic gate. This gate allows the thalamus to control the passage of information on the basis of which cortex relates to the rest of the nervous system.


Book Synopsis Functional Connections of Cortical Areas by : S. Murray Sherman

Download or read book Functional Connections of Cortical Areas written by S. Murray Sherman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-08-09 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two leading authorities on thalamocortical connections consider how the neural circuits of the brain relate to our actions and perceptions. In this book, two leading authorities on the thalamus and its relationship to cortex build on their earlier findings to arrive at new ways of thinking about how the brain relates to the world, to cognition, and behavior. Based on foundations established earlier in their book Exploring the Thalamus and Its Role in Cortical Function, the authors consider the implications of these ground rules for thalamic inputs, thalamocortical connections, and cortical outputs. The authors argue that functional and structural analyses of pathways connecting thalamus and cortex point beyond these to lower centers and through them to the body and the world. Each cortical area depends on the messages linking it to body and world. These messages relate to the way we act and think; each cortical area receives thalamic inputs and has outputs to motor centers. Sherman and Guillery go on to discuss such topics as the role of branching axons that carry motor instructions as well as copies of these motor instructions for relay to cortex under the control of the thalamic gate. This gate allows the thalamus to control the passage of information on the basis of which cortex relates to the rest of the nervous system.

Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy

Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy

Author: Walter Hendelman M.D.

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2015-06-09

Total Pages: 325

ISBN-13: 1466585358

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Understanding how the brain is organized and visualizing its pathways and connections can be conceptually challenging. The Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy, Third Edition addresses this challenge by presenting a clear visual guide to the human central nervous system (CNS). This edition has been completely reorganized to facilitate learning the stru


Book Synopsis Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy by : Walter Hendelman M.D.

Download or read book Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy written by Walter Hendelman M.D. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how the brain is organized and visualizing its pathways and connections can be conceptually challenging. The Atlas of Functional Neuroanatomy, Third Edition addresses this challenge by presenting a clear visual guide to the human central nervous system (CNS). This edition has been completely reorganized to facilitate learning the stru