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Explains how scientists first observed the second law of thermodynamics, discusses its connection with living things, and looks at the nature of structure and chaos
Book Synopsis The Second Law by : Peter William Atkins
Download or read book The Second Law written by Peter William Atkins and published by Times Books. This book was released on 1984 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains how scientists first observed the second law of thermodynamics, discusses its connection with living things, and looks at the nature of structure and chaos
The Second Law, a cornerstone of thermodynamics, governs the average direction of dissipative, non-equilibrium processes. But it says nothing about their actual rates or the probability of fluctuations about the average. This interdisciplinary book, written and peer-reviewed by international experts, presents recent advances in the search for new non-equilibrium principles beyond the Second Law, and their applications to a wide range of systems across physics, chemistry and biology. Beyond The Second Law brings together traditionally isolated areas of non-equilibrium research and highlights potentially fruitful connections between them, with entropy production playing the unifying role. Key theoretical concepts include the Maximum Entropy Production principle, the Fluctuation Theorem, and the Maximum Entropy method of statistical inference. Applications of these principles are illustrated in such diverse fields as climatology, cosmology, crystal growth morphology, Earth system science, environmental physics, evolutionary biology and technology, fluid turbulence, microbial biogeochemistry, plasma physics, and radiative transport, using a wide variety of analytical and experimental techniques. Beyond The Second Law will appeal to students and researchers wishing to gain an understanding of entropy production and its central place in the science of non-equilibrium systems – both in detail and in terms of the bigger picture.
Book Synopsis Beyond the Second Law by : Roderick C. Dewar
Download or read book Beyond the Second Law written by Roderick C. Dewar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second Law, a cornerstone of thermodynamics, governs the average direction of dissipative, non-equilibrium processes. But it says nothing about their actual rates or the probability of fluctuations about the average. This interdisciplinary book, written and peer-reviewed by international experts, presents recent advances in the search for new non-equilibrium principles beyond the Second Law, and their applications to a wide range of systems across physics, chemistry and biology. Beyond The Second Law brings together traditionally isolated areas of non-equilibrium research and highlights potentially fruitful connections between them, with entropy production playing the unifying role. Key theoretical concepts include the Maximum Entropy Production principle, the Fluctuation Theorem, and the Maximum Entropy method of statistical inference. Applications of these principles are illustrated in such diverse fields as climatology, cosmology, crystal growth morphology, Earth system science, environmental physics, evolutionary biology and technology, fluid turbulence, microbial biogeochemistry, plasma physics, and radiative transport, using a wide variety of analytical and experimental techniques. Beyond The Second Law will appeal to students and researchers wishing to gain an understanding of entropy production and its central place in the science of non-equilibrium systems – both in detail and in terms of the bigger picture.
Nothing happens in the world without energy conversion and entropy production. These fundamental natural laws are familiar to most of us when applied to the evolution of stars, biological processes, or the working of an internal combustion engine, but what about industrial economies and wealth production, or their constant companion, pollution? Does economics conform to the First and the Second Law of Thermodynamics? In this important book, Reiner Kümmel takes us on a fascinating tour of these laws and their influence on natural, technological, and social evolution. Analyzing economic growth in Germany, Japan, and the United States in light of technological constraints on capital, labor, and energy, Professor Kümmel upends conventional economic wisdom by showing that the productive power of energy far outweighs its small share of costs, while for labor just the opposite is true. Wealth creation by energy conversion is accompanied and limited by polluting emissions that are coupled to entropy production. These facts constitute the Second Law of Economics. They take on unprecedented importance in a world that is facing peak oil, debt-driven economic turmoil, and threats from pollution and climate change. They complement the First Law of Economics: Wealth is allocated on markets, and the legal framework determines the outcome. By applying the First and Second Law we understand the true origins of wealth production, the issues that imperil the goal of sustainable development, and the technological options that are compatible both with this goal and with natural laws. The critical role of energy and entropy in the productive sectors of the economy must be realized if we are to create a road map that avoids a Dark Age of shrinking natural resources, environmental degradation, and increasing social tensions.
Book Synopsis The Second Law of Economics by : Reiner Kümmel
Download or read book The Second Law of Economics written by Reiner Kümmel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-24 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nothing happens in the world without energy conversion and entropy production. These fundamental natural laws are familiar to most of us when applied to the evolution of stars, biological processes, or the working of an internal combustion engine, but what about industrial economies and wealth production, or their constant companion, pollution? Does economics conform to the First and the Second Law of Thermodynamics? In this important book, Reiner Kümmel takes us on a fascinating tour of these laws and their influence on natural, technological, and social evolution. Analyzing economic growth in Germany, Japan, and the United States in light of technological constraints on capital, labor, and energy, Professor Kümmel upends conventional economic wisdom by showing that the productive power of energy far outweighs its small share of costs, while for labor just the opposite is true. Wealth creation by energy conversion is accompanied and limited by polluting emissions that are coupled to entropy production. These facts constitute the Second Law of Economics. They take on unprecedented importance in a world that is facing peak oil, debt-driven economic turmoil, and threats from pollution and climate change. They complement the First Law of Economics: Wealth is allocated on markets, and the legal framework determines the outcome. By applying the First and Second Law we understand the true origins of wealth production, the issues that imperil the goal of sustainable development, and the technological options that are compatible both with this goal and with natural laws. The critical role of energy and entropy in the productive sectors of the economy must be realized if we are to create a road map that avoids a Dark Age of shrinking natural resources, environmental degradation, and increasing social tensions.
The advance of scienti?c thought in ways resembles biological and geologic transformation: long periods of gradual change punctuated by episodes of radical upheaval. Twentieth century physics witnessed at least three major shifts — relativity, quantum mechanics and chaos theory — as well many lesser ones. Now, st early in the 21 , another shift appears imminent, this one involving the second law of thermodynamics. Over the last 20 years the absolute status of the second law has come under increased scrutiny, more than during any other period its 180-year history. Since the early 1980’s, roughly 50 papers representing over 20 challenges have appeared in the refereed scienti?c literature. In July 2002, the ?rst conference on its status was convened at the University of San Diego, attended by 120 researchers from 25 countries (QLSL2002) [1]. In 2003, the second edition of Le?’s and Rex’s classic anthology on Maxwell demons appeared [2], further raising interest in this emerging ?eld. In 2004, the mainstream scienti?c journal Entropy published a special edition devoted to second law challenges [3]. And, in July 2004, an echo of QLSL2002 was held in Prague, Czech Republic [4]. Modern second law challenges began in the early 1980’s with the theoretical proposals of Gordon and Denur. Starting in the mid-1990’s, several proposals for experimentally testable challenges were advanced by Sheehan, et al. By the late 1990’s and early 2000’s, a rapid succession of theoretical quantum mechanical ? challenges were being advanced by C ́ apek, et al.
Book Synopsis Challenges to The Second Law of Thermodynamics by : Vladislav Capek
Download or read book Challenges to The Second Law of Thermodynamics written by Vladislav Capek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advance of scienti?c thought in ways resembles biological and geologic transformation: long periods of gradual change punctuated by episodes of radical upheaval. Twentieth century physics witnessed at least three major shifts — relativity, quantum mechanics and chaos theory — as well many lesser ones. Now, st early in the 21 , another shift appears imminent, this one involving the second law of thermodynamics. Over the last 20 years the absolute status of the second law has come under increased scrutiny, more than during any other period its 180-year history. Since the early 1980’s, roughly 50 papers representing over 20 challenges have appeared in the refereed scienti?c literature. In July 2002, the ?rst conference on its status was convened at the University of San Diego, attended by 120 researchers from 25 countries (QLSL2002) [1]. In 2003, the second edition of Le?’s and Rex’s classic anthology on Maxwell demons appeared [2], further raising interest in this emerging ?eld. In 2004, the mainstream scienti?c journal Entropy published a special edition devoted to second law challenges [3]. And, in July 2004, an echo of QLSL2002 was held in Prague, Czech Republic [4]. Modern second law challenges began in the early 1980’s with the theoretical proposals of Gordon and Denur. Starting in the mid-1990’s, several proposals for experimentally testable challenges were advanced by Sheehan, et al. By the late 1990’s and early 2000’s, a rapid succession of theoretical quantum mechanical ? challenges were being advanced by C ́ apek, et al.
The 2nd Law is the sixth studio by alternative rock band Muse and features the official 2012 Olympic theme tune Survival. This Artist-approved Deluxe album matching folio contains all the songs from the album arranged for guitar tab with vocals, together with four full colour pages of band images and photos.
Book Synopsis The 2nd Law by : Muse
Download or read book The 2nd Law written by Muse and published by . This book was released on 2012-10 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2nd Law is the sixth studio by alternative rock band Muse and features the official 2012 Olympic theme tune Survival. This Artist-approved Deluxe album matching folio contains all the songs from the album arranged for guitar tab with vocals, together with four full colour pages of band images and photos.
Book Synopsis Discover Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics by :
Download or read book Discover Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
l. The work of Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) consists of two kinds of writings: in the first part of his active life he devoted himself entirely to problems of physics, while in the second part he tried to find a philosoph 1 ical background for his activities in and around the natural sciences. Most scientists are much more aware of his creative work in physics than of his digressions on the meaning and structure of science. I think in the present case the reason is not so much that most scientists are usually almost entirely occupied with their trade, because Boltzmann's philosophical work is also concerned with the (natural) sciences. I rather believe that the quality and consistency of Boltzmann's purely scientific work is of a more appealing nature than his less structured considerations on human activity in science and in life in general. 2. I think that it may be appropriate for the readers of this anthology to say a few words on the main findings of Boltzmann in physics, since in the end their 'philosophical' inlpact has been larger than the effect of his later writings. Moreover some knowledge of his scientific achievements can be helpful for the understanding and appreciation of the essays printed in this book, which almost all stem from Boltzmann's philosophical period. Boltzmann was one of the main protagonists - at least in continental Europe - of atomistics for explaining the phenomena of physics.
Book Synopsis Theoretical Physics and Philosophical Problems by : Ludwig Boltzmann
Download or read book Theoretical Physics and Philosophical Problems written by Ludwig Boltzmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: l. The work of Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) consists of two kinds of writings: in the first part of his active life he devoted himself entirely to problems of physics, while in the second part he tried to find a philosoph 1 ical background for his activities in and around the natural sciences. Most scientists are much more aware of his creative work in physics than of his digressions on the meaning and structure of science. I think in the present case the reason is not so much that most scientists are usually almost entirely occupied with their trade, because Boltzmann's philosophical work is also concerned with the (natural) sciences. I rather believe that the quality and consistency of Boltzmann's purely scientific work is of a more appealing nature than his less structured considerations on human activity in science and in life in general. 2. I think that it may be appropriate for the readers of this anthology to say a few words on the main findings of Boltzmann in physics, since in the end their 'philosophical' inlpact has been larger than the effect of his later writings. Moreover some knowledge of his scientific achievements can be helpful for the understanding and appreciation of the essays printed in this book, which almost all stem from Boltzmann's philosophical period. Boltzmann was one of the main protagonists - at least in continental Europe - of atomistics for explaining the phenomena of physics.
University Physics is designed for the two- or three-semester calculus-based physics course. The text has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most university physics courses and provides a foundation for a career in mathematics, science, or engineering. The book provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of physics and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and to the world around them. Due to the comprehensive nature of the material, we are offering the book in three volumes for flexibility and efficiency. Coverage and Scope Our University Physics textbook adheres to the scope and sequence of most two- and three-semester physics courses nationwide. We have worked to make physics interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from fundamental to more advanced concepts, building upon what students have already learned and emphasizing connections between topics and between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses and future careers. The organization and pedagogical features were developed and vetted with feedback from science educators dedicated to the project. VOLUME I Unit 1: Mechanics Chapter 1: Units and Measurement Chapter 2: Vectors Chapter 3: Motion Along a Straight Line Chapter 4: Motion in Two and Three Dimensions Chapter 5: Newton's Laws of Motion Chapter 6: Applications of Newton's Laws Chapter 7: Work and Kinetic Energy Chapter 8: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy Chapter 9: Linear Momentum and Collisions Chapter 10: Fixed-Axis Rotation Chapter 11: Angular Momentum Chapter 12: Static Equilibrium and Elasticity Chapter 13: Gravitation Chapter 14: Fluid Mechanics Unit 2: Waves and Acoustics Chapter 15: Oscillations Chapter 16: Waves Chapter 17: Sound
Book Synopsis University Physics by : Samuel J. Ling
Download or read book University Physics written by Samuel J. Ling and published by . This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: University Physics is designed for the two- or three-semester calculus-based physics course. The text has been developed to meet the scope and sequence of most university physics courses and provides a foundation for a career in mathematics, science, or engineering. The book provides an important opportunity for students to learn the core concepts of physics and understand how those concepts apply to their lives and to the world around them. Due to the comprehensive nature of the material, we are offering the book in three volumes for flexibility and efficiency. Coverage and Scope Our University Physics textbook adheres to the scope and sequence of most two- and three-semester physics courses nationwide. We have worked to make physics interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from fundamental to more advanced concepts, building upon what students have already learned and emphasizing connections between topics and between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses and future careers. The organization and pedagogical features were developed and vetted with feedback from science educators dedicated to the project. VOLUME I Unit 1: Mechanics Chapter 1: Units and Measurement Chapter 2: Vectors Chapter 3: Motion Along a Straight Line Chapter 4: Motion in Two and Three Dimensions Chapter 5: Newton's Laws of Motion Chapter 6: Applications of Newton's Laws Chapter 7: Work and Kinetic Energy Chapter 8: Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy Chapter 9: Linear Momentum and Collisions Chapter 10: Fixed-Axis Rotation Chapter 11: Angular Momentum Chapter 12: Static Equilibrium and Elasticity Chapter 13: Gravitation Chapter 14: Fluid Mechanics Unit 2: Waves and Acoustics Chapter 15: Oscillations Chapter 16: Waves Chapter 17: Sound
In this compelling, and important book, John Schmitz brings order to the world of chaos that surrounds us. The Second Law of Life refers to the second law of thermodynamics, entropy, which is an omnipresent force that quietly and crucially determines ever.
Book Synopsis The Second Law Of Life by : John E. J. Schmitz
Download or read book The Second Law Of Life written by John E. J. Schmitz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this compelling, and important book, John Schmitz brings order to the world of chaos that surrounds us. The Second Law of Life refers to the second law of thermodynamics, entropy, which is an omnipresent force that quietly and crucially determines ever.
(Guitar Recorded Versions). Matching folio to Muse's sixth album featuring all 13 tracks transcribed for guitar: Animals * Big Freeze * Explorers * Follow Me * Liquid State * Madness * Panic Station * Prelude * Save Me * The 2nd Law: Isolated System * The 2nd Law: Unsustainable * Supremacy * Survival. Includes standard notation and tablature.
Book Synopsis Muse - The 2nd Law (Songbook) by : Muse
Download or read book Muse - The 2nd Law (Songbook) written by Muse and published by Hal Leonard Corporation. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Guitar Recorded Versions). Matching folio to Muse's sixth album featuring all 13 tracks transcribed for guitar: Animals * Big Freeze * Explorers * Follow Me * Liquid State * Madness * Panic Station * Prelude * Save Me * The 2nd Law: Isolated System * The 2nd Law: Unsustainable * Supremacy * Survival. Includes standard notation and tablature.
