The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972

The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972

Author: E. H. Hartsook

Publisher:

Published: 2011-05-01

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 9781780396538

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This recently declassified study from 1978 details on Air Force participation-in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy .


Book Synopsis The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 by : E. H. Hartsook

Download or read book The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 written by E. H. Hartsook and published by . This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This recently declassified study from 1978 details on Air Force participation-in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy .

Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972

Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972

Author: Office of Air Force History and U S Air

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-03-24

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 9781508993872

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This monograph is the sixteenth in a series of historical studies dealing with USAF plans, policies, and operations in Southeast Asia, published under the general title, The Air Force in Southeast Asia. Its focus is on Air Force participation in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy. In writing this monograph, the author found a lack of sources not encountered in previous monographs in this series. The important peace negotiations of 1972 and the decisions and communications pertaining to Linebacker II operations were all kept highly secret. Almost no official accounts of them are available, either in JCS, Defense, Air Force, or State Department records. These matters were dealt with only at the highest levels, and many researchers believe this was done orally with decisions not committed to paper. Since the Nixon and Kissinger papers will not be available for many years, this study has utilized certain detailed and seemingly reliable secondary sources to fill in some of the information gaps, until such time as the full story is available from official records.


Book Synopsis Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 by : Office of Air Force History and U S Air

Download or read book Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 written by Office of Air Force History and U S Air and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is the sixteenth in a series of historical studies dealing with USAF plans, policies, and operations in Southeast Asia, published under the general title, The Air Force in Southeast Asia. Its focus is on Air Force participation in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy. In writing this monograph, the author found a lack of sources not encountered in previous monographs in this series. The important peace negotiations of 1972 and the decisions and communications pertaining to Linebacker II operations were all kept highly secret. Almost no official accounts of them are available, either in JCS, Defense, Air Force, or State Department records. These matters were dealt with only at the highest levels, and many researchers believe this was done orally with decisions not committed to paper. Since the Nixon and Kissinger papers will not be available for many years, this study has utilized certain detailed and seemingly reliable secondary sources to fill in some of the information gaps, until such time as the full story is available from official records.

Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion

Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion

Author:

Publisher: DIANE Publishing

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 125

ISBN-13: 1428993509

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Book Synopsis Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion by :

Download or read book Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1976 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975

Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975

Author: Bernard C. Nalty

Publisher:

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 554

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975 by : Bernard C. Nalty

Download or read book Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975 written by Bernard C. Nalty and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Airpower Applied

Airpower Applied

Author: John Andreas Olsen

Publisher: Naval Institute Press

Published: 2017-05-15

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 1682470768

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Airpower Applied reviews the evolution of airpower and its impact on the history of warfare. Through a critical examination of twenty-nine case studies in which various U.S. coalitions and Israel played significant roles, this book offers perspectives on the political purpose, strategic meaning, and military importance of airpower. By comparing and contrasting more than seventy-five years of airpower experience in very different circumstances, readers can gain insight into present-day thinking on the use of airpower and on warfare. The authors, all experts in their fields, demystify some of airpower‘s strategic history by extracting the most useful teachings to help military professionals and political leaders understand what airpower has to offer as a “continuation of politics by other means.” The case studies emphasize the importance of connecting policy and airpower: operational effectiveness cannot substitute for poor statecraft. As the United States, its allies, and Israel have seen in their most recent applications of airpower, even the most robust and capable air weapon can never be more effective than the strategy and policy it is intended to support.


Book Synopsis Airpower Applied by : John Andreas Olsen

Download or read book Airpower Applied written by John Andreas Olsen and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airpower Applied reviews the evolution of airpower and its impact on the history of warfare. Through a critical examination of twenty-nine case studies in which various U.S. coalitions and Israel played significant roles, this book offers perspectives on the political purpose, strategic meaning, and military importance of airpower. By comparing and contrasting more than seventy-five years of airpower experience in very different circumstances, readers can gain insight into present-day thinking on the use of airpower and on warfare. The authors, all experts in their fields, demystify some of airpower‘s strategic history by extracting the most useful teachings to help military professionals and political leaders understand what airpower has to offer as a “continuation of politics by other means.” The case studies emphasize the importance of connecting policy and airpower: operational effectiveness cannot substitute for poor statecraft. As the United States, its allies, and Israel have seen in their most recent applications of airpower, even the most robust and capable air weapon can never be more effective than the strategy and policy it is intended to support.

The Eleven Days of Christmas

The Eleven Days of Christmas

Author: Marshall L. Michel (III)

Publisher: Encounter Books

Published: 2002

Total Pages: 346

ISBN-13: 1893554279

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In December 1972, with an increasingly dovish Congress preparing to cut off all funding for the war in Vietnam, President Richard Nixon ordered the bombing of Hanoi by the Strategic Air Command's "big stick," its fleet of B-52 bombers. Never before had a B-52 been lost in combat, but the North Vietnamese SAM missile crews knocked them out of the sky in the first days of the engagement. Despite the losses, the surviving bombers kept coming, inflicting huge losses on the North Vietnamese. For eleven days the momentum swung back and forth, moving from what appeared to be a certain U.S. triumph, to a possible North Vietnamese victory, to the ultimate ambiguous denouement in which both sides won and lost.


Book Synopsis The Eleven Days of Christmas by : Marshall L. Michel (III)

Download or read book The Eleven Days of Christmas written by Marshall L. Michel (III) and published by Encounter Books. This book was released on 2002 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In December 1972, with an increasingly dovish Congress preparing to cut off all funding for the war in Vietnam, President Richard Nixon ordered the bombing of Hanoi by the Strategic Air Command's "big stick," its fleet of B-52 bombers. Never before had a B-52 been lost in combat, but the North Vietnamese SAM missile crews knocked them out of the sky in the first days of the engagement. Despite the losses, the surviving bombers kept coming, inflicting huge losses on the North Vietnamese. For eleven days the momentum swung back and forth, moving from what appeared to be a certain U.S. triumph, to a possible North Vietnamese victory, to the ultimate ambiguous denouement in which both sides won and lost.

Moral Imperative

Moral Imperative

Author: Darrel Whitcomb

Publisher: University Press of Kansas

Published: 2020-12-13

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 0700630066

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In 1972, America was completing its withdrawal from the long and divisive war in Vietnam. Air power covered the departure of ground forces, and search and rescue teams from all services and Air America covered the airmen and soldiers still in the fight. Day and night these military and civilian aircrews stood alert to respond to “Mayday” calls. The rescue forces were the answer to every man’s prayer, and those forces brought home airmen, sailors, marines, and soldiers downed or trapped across the breadth and depth of the entire Southeast Asia theater. Moral Imperative relies on a trove of declassified documents and unit histories to tell their tales. Focusing on 1972, Darrel Whitcomb combines stories of soldiers cut off from their units, advisors trapped with allied forces, and airmen downed deep in enemy territory, with the narratives of the US Air Force, Army, Navy, Marines, contract pilots, and special operations teams ready to conduct rescues in Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam. All of these missions occur against the backdrop of our withdrawal from the war and our diplomatic efforts to achieve a lasting peace. In detail, Whitcomb shows how American rescue forces supported the military response to the North Vietnamese’s massive three-pronged invasion of South Vietnam, America’s subsequent interdiction operations against North Vietnam, and ultimately the strategic bombing of Linebacker II.


Book Synopsis Moral Imperative by : Darrel Whitcomb

Download or read book Moral Imperative written by Darrel Whitcomb and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2020-12-13 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1972, America was completing its withdrawal from the long and divisive war in Vietnam. Air power covered the departure of ground forces, and search and rescue teams from all services and Air America covered the airmen and soldiers still in the fight. Day and night these military and civilian aircrews stood alert to respond to “Mayday” calls. The rescue forces were the answer to every man’s prayer, and those forces brought home airmen, sailors, marines, and soldiers downed or trapped across the breadth and depth of the entire Southeast Asia theater. Moral Imperative relies on a trove of declassified documents and unit histories to tell their tales. Focusing on 1972, Darrel Whitcomb combines stories of soldiers cut off from their units, advisors trapped with allied forces, and airmen downed deep in enemy territory, with the narratives of the US Air Force, Army, Navy, Marines, contract pilots, and special operations teams ready to conduct rescues in Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam. All of these missions occur against the backdrop of our withdrawal from the war and our diplomatic efforts to achieve a lasting peace. In detail, Whitcomb shows how American rescue forces supported the military response to the North Vietnamese’s massive three-pronged invasion of South Vietnam, America’s subsequent interdiction operations against North Vietnam, and ultimately the strategic bombing of Linebacker II.

To Hanoi and Back

To Hanoi and Back

Author: Wayne Thompson

Publisher: Smithsonian Institution

Published: 2014-07-15

Total Pages: 433

ISBN-13: 1588344460

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After nearly eighteen months of the largely unsuccessful bombing campaign called Operation Rolling Thunder, the US Air Force began to look for ways to overcome technological, geographical, and political challenges in North Vietnam and use limited air power more effectively. In 1972 the two Linebacker campaigns joined with other air operations to make a dramatic, although temporary, difference. While they unleashed powerful B-52 area bombers, the campaigns also demonstrated the efficacy of newly developed laser-guided precision bombs. Drawing upon twenty years of research in classified records, Wayne Thompson integrates operational, political, and personal detail to present a full history of the Air Force role in the war against North Vietnam. He provides an unprecedented view of the motivations and actions of the people involved—from aircrews to generals to politicians—in every phase of the air campaigns. He outlines, for instance, the political reasons for President Johnson's reluctance to use B-52 bombers against major North Vietnamese targets. He also examines how the media influenced US policy and how US prisoners became the war's most celebrated heroes. The war in Southeast Asia ultimately pushed the Air Force toward adopting more flexible tactics and incorporating increasingly sophisticated weapons that would shape later conflicts.


Book Synopsis To Hanoi and Back by : Wayne Thompson

Download or read book To Hanoi and Back written by Wayne Thompson and published by Smithsonian Institution. This book was released on 2014-07-15 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After nearly eighteen months of the largely unsuccessful bombing campaign called Operation Rolling Thunder, the US Air Force began to look for ways to overcome technological, geographical, and political challenges in North Vietnam and use limited air power more effectively. In 1972 the two Linebacker campaigns joined with other air operations to make a dramatic, although temporary, difference. While they unleashed powerful B-52 area bombers, the campaigns also demonstrated the efficacy of newly developed laser-guided precision bombs. Drawing upon twenty years of research in classified records, Wayne Thompson integrates operational, political, and personal detail to present a full history of the Air Force role in the war against North Vietnam. He provides an unprecedented view of the motivations and actions of the people involved—from aircrews to generals to politicians—in every phase of the air campaigns. He outlines, for instance, the political reasons for President Johnson's reluctance to use B-52 bombers against major North Vietnamese targets. He also examines how the media influenced US policy and how US prisoners became the war's most celebrated heroes. The war in Southeast Asia ultimately pushed the Air Force toward adopting more flexible tactics and incorporating increasingly sophisticated weapons that would shape later conflicts.

The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia, 1961-1973

The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia, 1961-1973

Author: Carl Berger

Publisher:

Published: 1977

Total Pages: 410

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia, 1961-1973 by : Carl Berger

Download or read book The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia, 1961-1973 written by Carl Berger and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion

Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion

Author: Office of Office of Air Force History

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-01-26

Total Pages: 126

ISBN-13: 9781507720233

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In our continuing desire to bring to the reader an in-depth look at the use of airpower in Southeast Asia, we present in this volume a truly monumental effort at recounting the myriad of widely separate but not unrelated events and operations that took place during the Spring Invasion of 1972. In this monograph, the authors from the Air War College present an illuminating story of the people and machines that fought so gallantly during this major enemy offensive. The authors' breadth of experience in and out of combat enables them to provide a penetrating account of how airpower was brought to bear upon the enemy. The "Vietnamization" program, begun in 1969, had by March of 1972 reduced U. S. manpower involvement in Vietnam from 500,000 to 95,000. U. S. airpower involvement, however, did not decrease proportionately. Although the South Vietnamese Air Force took up the "lion's share" of the effort, U. S. airmen were still very much involved. During the offensive, their skills, courage and professionalism were tested 24 hours a day, directly contributing to the eventual successful outcome. The reader should learn from this story that not only is airpower an essential element of any major operation, but that its employment is a team effort. More so, it involves men and women on the ground as well as in the air -- one cannot function without the other.


Book Synopsis Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion by : Office of Office of Air Force History

Download or read book Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion written by Office of Office of Air Force History and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our continuing desire to bring to the reader an in-depth look at the use of airpower in Southeast Asia, we present in this volume a truly monumental effort at recounting the myriad of widely separate but not unrelated events and operations that took place during the Spring Invasion of 1972. In this monograph, the authors from the Air War College present an illuminating story of the people and machines that fought so gallantly during this major enemy offensive. The authors' breadth of experience in and out of combat enables them to provide a penetrating account of how airpower was brought to bear upon the enemy. The "Vietnamization" program, begun in 1969, had by March of 1972 reduced U. S. manpower involvement in Vietnam from 500,000 to 95,000. U. S. airpower involvement, however, did not decrease proportionately. Although the South Vietnamese Air Force took up the "lion's share" of the effort, U. S. airmen were still very much involved. During the offensive, their skills, courage and professionalism were tested 24 hours a day, directly contributing to the eventual successful outcome. The reader should learn from this story that not only is airpower an essential element of any major operation, but that its employment is a team effort. More so, it involves men and women on the ground as well as in the air -- one cannot function without the other.