The Alphabet and the Algorithm

The Alphabet and the Algorithm

Author: Mario Carpo

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2011-02-04

Total Pages: 182

ISBN-13: 0262294583

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The rise and fall of identical copies: digital technologies and form-making from mass customization to mass collaboration. Digital technologies have changed architecture—the way it is taught, practiced, managed, and regulated. But if the digital has created a “paradigm shift” for architecture, which paradigm is shifting? In The Alphabet and the Algorithm, Mario Carpo points to one key practice of modernity: the making of identical copies. Carpo highlights two examples of identicality crucial to the shaping of architectural modernity: in the fifteenth century, Leon Battista Alberti's invention of architectural design, according to which a building is an identical copy of the architect's design; and, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the mass production of identical copies from mechanical master models, matrixes, imprints, or molds. The modern power of the identical, Carpo argues, came to an end with the rise of digital technologies. Everything digital is variable. In architecture, this means the end of notational limitations, of mechanical standardization, and of the Albertian, authorial way of building by design. Charting the rise and fall of the paradigm of identicality, Carpo compares new forms of postindustrial digital craftsmanship to hand-making and the cultures and technologies of variations that existed before the coming of machine-made, identical copies. Carpo reviews the unfolding of digitally based design and construction from the early 1990s to the present, and suggests a new agenda for architecture in an age of variable objects and of generic and participatory authorship.


Book Synopsis The Alphabet and the Algorithm by : Mario Carpo

Download or read book The Alphabet and the Algorithm written by Mario Carpo and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011-02-04 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rise and fall of identical copies: digital technologies and form-making from mass customization to mass collaboration. Digital technologies have changed architecture—the way it is taught, practiced, managed, and regulated. But if the digital has created a “paradigm shift” for architecture, which paradigm is shifting? In The Alphabet and the Algorithm, Mario Carpo points to one key practice of modernity: the making of identical copies. Carpo highlights two examples of identicality crucial to the shaping of architectural modernity: in the fifteenth century, Leon Battista Alberti's invention of architectural design, according to which a building is an identical copy of the architect's design; and, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the mass production of identical copies from mechanical master models, matrixes, imprints, or molds. The modern power of the identical, Carpo argues, came to an end with the rise of digital technologies. Everything digital is variable. In architecture, this means the end of notational limitations, of mechanical standardization, and of the Albertian, authorial way of building by design. Charting the rise and fall of the paradigm of identicality, Carpo compares new forms of postindustrial digital craftsmanship to hand-making and the cultures and technologies of variations that existed before the coming of machine-made, identical copies. Carpo reviews the unfolding of digitally based design and construction from the early 1990s to the present, and suggests a new agenda for architecture in an age of variable objects and of generic and participatory authorship.

Algorithms Unlocked

Algorithms Unlocked

Author: Thomas H. Cormen

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2013-03-01

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 0262313235

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For anyone who has ever wondered how computers solve problems, an engagingly written guide for nonexperts to the basics of computer algorithms. Have you ever wondered how your GPS can find the fastest way to your destination, selecting one route from seemingly countless possibilities in mere seconds? How your credit card account number is protected when you make a purchase over the Internet? The answer is algorithms. And how do these mathematical formulations translate themselves into your GPS, your laptop, or your smart phone? This book offers an engagingly written guide to the basics of computer algorithms. In Algorithms Unlocked, Thomas Cormen—coauthor of the leading college textbook on the subject—provides a general explanation, with limited mathematics, of how algorithms enable computers to solve problems. Readers will learn what computer algorithms are, how to describe them, and how to evaluate them. They will discover simple ways to search for information in a computer; methods for rearranging information in a computer into a prescribed order (“sorting”); how to solve basic problems that can be modeled in a computer with a mathematical structure called a “graph” (useful for modeling road networks, dependencies among tasks, and financial relationships); how to solve problems that ask questions about strings of characters such as DNA structures; the basic principles behind cryptography; fundamentals of data compression; and even that there are some problems that no one has figured out how to solve on a computer in a reasonable amount of time.


Book Synopsis Algorithms Unlocked by : Thomas H. Cormen

Download or read book Algorithms Unlocked written by Thomas H. Cormen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For anyone who has ever wondered how computers solve problems, an engagingly written guide for nonexperts to the basics of computer algorithms. Have you ever wondered how your GPS can find the fastest way to your destination, selecting one route from seemingly countless possibilities in mere seconds? How your credit card account number is protected when you make a purchase over the Internet? The answer is algorithms. And how do these mathematical formulations translate themselves into your GPS, your laptop, or your smart phone? This book offers an engagingly written guide to the basics of computer algorithms. In Algorithms Unlocked, Thomas Cormen—coauthor of the leading college textbook on the subject—provides a general explanation, with limited mathematics, of how algorithms enable computers to solve problems. Readers will learn what computer algorithms are, how to describe them, and how to evaluate them. They will discover simple ways to search for information in a computer; methods for rearranging information in a computer into a prescribed order (“sorting”); how to solve basic problems that can be modeled in a computer with a mathematical structure called a “graph” (useful for modeling road networks, dependencies among tasks, and financial relationships); how to solve problems that ask questions about strings of characters such as DNA structures; the basic principles behind cryptography; fundamentals of data compression; and even that there are some problems that no one has figured out how to solve on a computer in a reasonable amount of time.

ABC

ABC

Author: Benedikt Gross

Publisher: Penguin Workshop

Published: 2020-03-03

Total Pages: 28

ISBN-13: 0593094379

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"Map services and data available for free and in the public domain from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), National Geospatial Program"--Back cover.


Book Synopsis ABC by : Benedikt Gross

Download or read book ABC written by Benedikt Gross and published by Penguin Workshop. This book was released on 2020-03-03 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Map services and data available for free and in the public domain from the United States Geological Survey (USGS), National Geospatial Program"--Back cover.

Algorithms

Algorithms

Author:

Publisher:

Published:

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 0077388496

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Book Synopsis Algorithms by :

Download or read book Algorithms written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Analog Algorithm

Analog Algorithm

Author: Christoph Grünberger

Publisher:

Published: 2019-06

Total Pages: 304

ISBN-13: 9783037785935

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This book is a tool kit to create new forms. It deals with grid-based design and gives the reader techniques to develop new forms, fonts, logos, and patterns. The concept represents a design process in which individual decisions follow much larger and deeper principles than immediate and spontaneous-intuitive actions. Using a wide variety of examples, each chapter contains a detailed description of the procedure from form analysis to setting up design rules and their application. Both a workbook and a source of inspiration, this publication provides designers and architects with the tool they need to find analytical forms analog, algorithm-based, exploratory but never of arbitrary origin. The procedures described allow an almost infinite number of possibilities. The designer is thus transformed from inventor to interpreter or curator, who assesses individual forms for logos, fonts or patterns on the fly and ensures that the design process is always efficient and goal-oriented. AUTHOR: Christoph Grunberger is a German illustrator and designer. He is active in the fields of corporate, interactive and spatial design, with a strong focus on exploring the limits of interaction and desktop applications. Together with Stefan Gandl he is co-author of the book Neubau Modul and collaborated on the exhibition NeubauIsm at gallery MU (Eindhoven/NL) in 2008, which was opened by Wim Crouwel. For the video installation Wutburger, a co-operation with Andreas Lutz, he received the excellence Award in the Art section at the Japan Media Arts Festival in Toyko in 2015. His works as a freelance designer have been awarded nationally and internationally. 55 images


Book Synopsis Analog Algorithm by : Christoph Grünberger

Download or read book Analog Algorithm written by Christoph Grünberger and published by . This book was released on 2019-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a tool kit to create new forms. It deals with grid-based design and gives the reader techniques to develop new forms, fonts, logos, and patterns. The concept represents a design process in which individual decisions follow much larger and deeper principles than immediate and spontaneous-intuitive actions. Using a wide variety of examples, each chapter contains a detailed description of the procedure from form analysis to setting up design rules and their application. Both a workbook and a source of inspiration, this publication provides designers and architects with the tool they need to find analytical forms analog, algorithm-based, exploratory but never of arbitrary origin. The procedures described allow an almost infinite number of possibilities. The designer is thus transformed from inventor to interpreter or curator, who assesses individual forms for logos, fonts or patterns on the fly and ensures that the design process is always efficient and goal-oriented. AUTHOR: Christoph Grunberger is a German illustrator and designer. He is active in the fields of corporate, interactive and spatial design, with a strong focus on exploring the limits of interaction and desktop applications. Together with Stefan Gandl he is co-author of the book Neubau Modul and collaborated on the exhibition NeubauIsm at gallery MU (Eindhoven/NL) in 2008, which was opened by Wim Crouwel. For the video installation Wutburger, a co-operation with Andreas Lutz, he received the excellence Award in the Art section at the Japan Media Arts Festival in Toyko in 2015. His works as a freelance designer have been awarded nationally and internationally. 55 images

Bandit Algorithms

Bandit Algorithms

Author: Tor Lattimore

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Published: 2020-07-16

Total Pages: 537

ISBN-13: 1108486827

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A comprehensive and rigorous introduction for graduate students and researchers, with applications in sequential decision-making problems.


Book Synopsis Bandit Algorithms by : Tor Lattimore

Download or read book Bandit Algorithms written by Tor Lattimore and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-16 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and rigorous introduction for graduate students and researchers, with applications in sequential decision-making problems.

Algorithmics

Algorithmics

Author: David Harel

Publisher: Addison Wesley

Published: 1992

Total Pages: 528

ISBN-13:

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Provides a study of the fundamental theoretical ideas of computing and examining how to design accurate and efficient algorithms.


Book Synopsis Algorithmics by : David Harel

Download or read book Algorithmics written by David Harel and published by Addison Wesley. This book was released on 1992 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a study of the fundamental theoretical ideas of computing and examining how to design accurate and efficient algorithms.

Writing Architecture

Writing Architecture

Author: Carter Wiseman

Publisher: Trinity University Press

Published: 2014-07-21

Total Pages: 240

ISBN-13: 1595341501

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For ages, architects have been criticized for speaking an insular language, known to some as "archispeak." Writing Architecture considers the process, methods, and value of architecture writing based on Carter Wiseman’s 30 years of personal experience in writing, editing, and teaching in young architects how to write. This book creatively tackles a problematic issue that Wiseman considers to be a crucial characteristic of successful architecture writing: clarity of thinking and expression. He argues that because we live our lives within the built environment, architecture is the most comprehensive and complex of all art forms. Even brilliantly inspired and complex architectural structures would only amount to misunderstood abstractions without the support and reinforcement of the clear explanation. Written as a primer for both college level students and practitioners, Writing Architecture acknowledges and explores the boundaries between different techniques of architecture writing from myriad perspectives and purposes. A poetic description of the beauty and impact of a bridge will not illuminate the mechanical knowledge housed in the structure, but at the same time, dense architectural theory will not encourage individuals experiencing and supporting the bridge to perceive significance and usefulness in the design. Using excerpts and from writers in different genres and from different historical periods, Wiseman offers a unique and authoritative perspective on comprehensible writing skills needed for success.


Book Synopsis Writing Architecture by : Carter Wiseman

Download or read book Writing Architecture written by Carter Wiseman and published by Trinity University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For ages, architects have been criticized for speaking an insular language, known to some as "archispeak." Writing Architecture considers the process, methods, and value of architecture writing based on Carter Wiseman’s 30 years of personal experience in writing, editing, and teaching in young architects how to write. This book creatively tackles a problematic issue that Wiseman considers to be a crucial characteristic of successful architecture writing: clarity of thinking and expression. He argues that because we live our lives within the built environment, architecture is the most comprehensive and complex of all art forms. Even brilliantly inspired and complex architectural structures would only amount to misunderstood abstractions without the support and reinforcement of the clear explanation. Written as a primer for both college level students and practitioners, Writing Architecture acknowledges and explores the boundaries between different techniques of architecture writing from myriad perspectives and purposes. A poetic description of the beauty and impact of a bridge will not illuminate the mechanical knowledge housed in the structure, but at the same time, dense architectural theory will not encourage individuals experiencing and supporting the bridge to perceive significance and usefulness in the design. Using excerpts and from writers in different genres and from different historical periods, Wiseman offers a unique and authoritative perspective on comprehensible writing skills needed for success.

The Second Digital Turn

The Second Digital Turn

Author: Mario Carpo

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2017-10-20

Total Pages: 236

ISBN-13: 0262534029

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The first digital turn in architecture changed our ways of making; the second changes our ways of thinking. Almost a generation ago, the early software for computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) spawned a style of smooth and curving lines and surfaces that gave visible form to the first digital age, and left an indelible mark on contemporary architecture. But today's digitally intelligent architecture no longer looks that way. In The Second Digital Turn, Mario Carpo explains that this is because the design professions are now coming to terms with a new kind of digital tools they have adopted—no longer tools for making but tools for thinking. In the early 1990s the design professions were the first to intuit and interpret the new technical logic of the digital age: digital mass-customization (the use of digital tools to mass-produce variations at no extra cost) has already changed the way we produce and consume almost everything, and the same technology applied to commerce at large is now heralding a new society without scale—a flat marginal cost society where bigger markets will not make anything cheaper. But today, the unprecedented power of computation also favors a new kind of science where prediction can be based on sheer information retrieval, and form finding by simulation and optimization can replace deduction from mathematical formulas. Designers have been toying with machine thinking and machine learning for some time, and the apparently unfathomable complexity of the physical shapes they are now creating already expresses a new form of artificial intelligence, outside the tradition of modern science and alien to the organic logic of our mind.


Book Synopsis The Second Digital Turn by : Mario Carpo

Download or read book The Second Digital Turn written by Mario Carpo and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first digital turn in architecture changed our ways of making; the second changes our ways of thinking. Almost a generation ago, the early software for computer aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) spawned a style of smooth and curving lines and surfaces that gave visible form to the first digital age, and left an indelible mark on contemporary architecture. But today's digitally intelligent architecture no longer looks that way. In The Second Digital Turn, Mario Carpo explains that this is because the design professions are now coming to terms with a new kind of digital tools they have adopted—no longer tools for making but tools for thinking. In the early 1990s the design professions were the first to intuit and interpret the new technical logic of the digital age: digital mass-customization (the use of digital tools to mass-produce variations at no extra cost) has already changed the way we produce and consume almost everything, and the same technology applied to commerce at large is now heralding a new society without scale—a flat marginal cost society where bigger markets will not make anything cheaper. But today, the unprecedented power of computation also favors a new kind of science where prediction can be based on sheer information retrieval, and form finding by simulation and optimization can replace deduction from mathematical formulas. Designers have been toying with machine thinking and machine learning for some time, and the apparently unfathomable complexity of the physical shapes they are now creating already expresses a new form of artificial intelligence, outside the tradition of modern science and alien to the organic logic of our mind.

Algorithms in a Nutshell

Algorithms in a Nutshell

Author: George T. Heineman

Publisher: "O'Reilly Media, Inc."

Published: 2008-10-14

Total Pages: 366

ISBN-13: 1449391133

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Creating robust software requires the use of efficient algorithms, but programmers seldom think about them until a problem occurs. Algorithms in a Nutshell describes a large number of existing algorithms for solving a variety of problems, and helps you select and implement the right algorithm for your needs -- with just enough math to let you understand and analyze algorithm performance. With its focus on application, rather than theory, this book provides efficient code solutions in several programming languages that you can easily adapt to a specific project. Each major algorithm is presented in the style of a design pattern that includes information to help you understand why and when the algorithm is appropriate. With this book, you will: Solve a particular coding problem or improve on the performance of an existing solution Quickly locate algorithms that relate to the problems you want to solve, and determine why a particular algorithm is the right one to use Get algorithmic solutions in C, C++, Java, and Ruby with implementation tips Learn the expected performance of an algorithm, and the conditions it needs to perform at its best Discover the impact that similar design decisions have on different algorithms Learn advanced data structures to improve the efficiency of algorithms With Algorithms in a Nutshell, you'll learn how to improve the performance of key algorithms essential for the success of your software applications.


Book Synopsis Algorithms in a Nutshell by : George T. Heineman

Download or read book Algorithms in a Nutshell written by George T. Heineman and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2008-10-14 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating robust software requires the use of efficient algorithms, but programmers seldom think about them until a problem occurs. Algorithms in a Nutshell describes a large number of existing algorithms for solving a variety of problems, and helps you select and implement the right algorithm for your needs -- with just enough math to let you understand and analyze algorithm performance. With its focus on application, rather than theory, this book provides efficient code solutions in several programming languages that you can easily adapt to a specific project. Each major algorithm is presented in the style of a design pattern that includes information to help you understand why and when the algorithm is appropriate. With this book, you will: Solve a particular coding problem or improve on the performance of an existing solution Quickly locate algorithms that relate to the problems you want to solve, and determine why a particular algorithm is the right one to use Get algorithmic solutions in C, C++, Java, and Ruby with implementation tips Learn the expected performance of an algorithm, and the conditions it needs to perform at its best Discover the impact that similar design decisions have on different algorithms Learn advanced data structures to improve the efficiency of algorithms With Algorithms in a Nutshell, you'll learn how to improve the performance of key algorithms essential for the success of your software applications.