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For two hundred years India was the jewel in the British imperial crown. During the course of governing India – the Raj – a number of words came to have particular meanings in the imperial lexicon. This book documents the words and terms that the British used to describe, define, understand and judge the subcontinent. It offers insight into the cultures of the Raj through a sampling of its various terms, concepts and nomenclature, and utilizes critical commentaries on specific domains to illuminate not only the linguistic meaning of a word but its cultural and political nuances. This fascinating book also provides literary and cultural texts from the colonial canon where these Anglo-Indian colloquialisms, terms and official jargon occurred. It enables us to glean a sense of the Empire’s linguistic and cultural tensions, negotiations and adaptations. The work will interest students and researchers of history, language and literature, colonialism, cultural studies, imperialism and the British Raj, and South Asian studies.
Book Synopsis The British Raj: Keywords by : Pramod K. Nayar
Download or read book The British Raj: Keywords written by Pramod K. Nayar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For two hundred years India was the jewel in the British imperial crown. During the course of governing India – the Raj – a number of words came to have particular meanings in the imperial lexicon. This book documents the words and terms that the British used to describe, define, understand and judge the subcontinent. It offers insight into the cultures of the Raj through a sampling of its various terms, concepts and nomenclature, and utilizes critical commentaries on specific domains to illuminate not only the linguistic meaning of a word but its cultural and political nuances. This fascinating book also provides literary and cultural texts from the colonial canon where these Anglo-Indian colloquialisms, terms and official jargon occurred. It enables us to glean a sense of the Empire’s linguistic and cultural tensions, negotiations and adaptations. The work will interest students and researchers of history, language and literature, colonialism, cultural studies, imperialism and the British Raj, and South Asian studies.
*Includes pictures *Includes contemporary accounts written about the Raj by British and Indians *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "A significant fact which stands out is that those parts of India which have been longest under British rule are the poorest today. Indeed some kind of chart might be drawn up to indicate the close connection between length of British rule and progressive growth of poverty." - Jawaharlal Nehru, The Discovery of India The British East India Company served as one of the key players in the formation of the British Empire. From its origins as a trading company struggling to keep up with its superior Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish competitors to its tenure as the ruling authority of the Indian subcontinent to its eventual hubristic downfall, the East India Company serves as a lens through which to explore the much larger economic and social forces that shaped the formation of a global British Empire. As a private company that became a non-state global power in its own right, the East India Company also serves as a cautionary tale all too relevant to the modern world's current political and economic situation. On its most basic level, the East India Company played an essential part in the development of long-distance trade between Britain and Asia. The trade in textiles, ceramics, tea, and other goods brought a huge influx of capital into the British economy. This not only fueled the Industrial Revolution, but also created a demand for luxury items amongst the middle classes. The economic growth provided by the East India Company was one factor in Britain's ascendancy from a middling regional power to the most powerful nation on the planet. The profits generated by the East India Company also created incentive for other European powers to follow its lead, which led to three centuries of competition for colonies around the world. This process went well beyond Asia to affect most of the planet, including Africa and the Middle East.. Beyond its obvious influence in areas like trade and commerce, the East India Company also served as a point of cultural contact between Western Europeans, South Asians, and East Asians. Quintessentially British practices such as tea drinking were made possible by East India Company trade. The products and cultural practices traveling back and forth on East India Company ships from one continent to another also reconfigured the way societies around the globe viewed sexuality, gender, class, and labor. On a much darker level, the East India Company fueled white supremacy and European concepts of Orientalism. Ultimately, the company's activity across the Indian subcontinent led to further British involvement there, and the British Raj, a period of British dominance and rule over India that formally began in 1857 and lasted until 1947, remains a highly debated topic amongst historians, political scientists, the British people, and the people of modern India. It's necessary to seek an understanding of the people, forces, and events shaping the history of British India to arrive at valid conclusions about the British-Indian experience and to understand the continued divide over its legacy. Perhaps then it's possible to answer Lewis's question: "Is it possible that British rule was both destructive and creative at the same time?" The British Raj: The History and Legacy of Great Britain's Imperialism in India and the Indian Subcontinent looks at the importance of British colonialism in the region, and how it has affected the course of history to this day. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you will learn about the British Raj like never before.
Book Synopsis The British Raj by : Charles River Charles River Editors
Download or read book The British Raj written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-01-07 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes contemporary accounts written about the Raj by British and Indians *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "A significant fact which stands out is that those parts of India which have been longest under British rule are the poorest today. Indeed some kind of chart might be drawn up to indicate the close connection between length of British rule and progressive growth of poverty." - Jawaharlal Nehru, The Discovery of India The British East India Company served as one of the key players in the formation of the British Empire. From its origins as a trading company struggling to keep up with its superior Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish competitors to its tenure as the ruling authority of the Indian subcontinent to its eventual hubristic downfall, the East India Company serves as a lens through which to explore the much larger economic and social forces that shaped the formation of a global British Empire. As a private company that became a non-state global power in its own right, the East India Company also serves as a cautionary tale all too relevant to the modern world's current political and economic situation. On its most basic level, the East India Company played an essential part in the development of long-distance trade between Britain and Asia. The trade in textiles, ceramics, tea, and other goods brought a huge influx of capital into the British economy. This not only fueled the Industrial Revolution, but also created a demand for luxury items amongst the middle classes. The economic growth provided by the East India Company was one factor in Britain's ascendancy from a middling regional power to the most powerful nation on the planet. The profits generated by the East India Company also created incentive for other European powers to follow its lead, which led to three centuries of competition for colonies around the world. This process went well beyond Asia to affect most of the planet, including Africa and the Middle East.. Beyond its obvious influence in areas like trade and commerce, the East India Company also served as a point of cultural contact between Western Europeans, South Asians, and East Asians. Quintessentially British practices such as tea drinking were made possible by East India Company trade. The products and cultural practices traveling back and forth on East India Company ships from one continent to another also reconfigured the way societies around the globe viewed sexuality, gender, class, and labor. On a much darker level, the East India Company fueled white supremacy and European concepts of Orientalism. Ultimately, the company's activity across the Indian subcontinent led to further British involvement there, and the British Raj, a period of British dominance and rule over India that formally began in 1857 and lasted until 1947, remains a highly debated topic amongst historians, political scientists, the British people, and the people of modern India. It's necessary to seek an understanding of the people, forces, and events shaping the history of British India to arrive at valid conclusions about the British-Indian experience and to understand the continued divide over its legacy. Perhaps then it's possible to answer Lewis's question: "Is it possible that British rule was both destructive and creative at the same time?" The British Raj: The History and Legacy of Great Britain's Imperialism in India and the Indian Subcontinent looks at the importance of British colonialism in the region, and how it has affected the course of history to this day. Along with pictures and a bibliography, you will learn about the British Raj like never before.
British India generated the largest imperial archive in the world. From the stacks of administrative reports, minutes, instruction manuals, memoirs, letters, reports, cook-books and travelogues the British left behind,
Book Synopsis Days of the Raj by : Pramod K. Nayar
Download or read book Days of the Raj written by Pramod K. Nayar and published by Penguin Books India. This book was released on 2009 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: British India generated the largest imperial archive in the world. From the stacks of administrative reports, minutes, instruction manuals, memoirs, letters, reports, cook-books and travelogues the British left behind,
This scholarly study is different from earlier books on the Raj in that it is neither hero-oriented nor self justifying. The emphasis instead is on world events and developments inside the subcontinent which influenced the conduct of the leaders, and affected the course of events. It is the crucial transfer of power process resulting in the partition of Britain's Indian Empire into two independent states that is appraised. The authors have made good use of the massive documentation made available by the British Government since 1983, as well as the unique archives kept in the British Museum. These have enabled the authors to throw some new light on the partition process, in particular on the workings of the Radcliff Boundary Awards Commission.
Book Synopsis The British Raj in India by : S. M. Burke
Download or read book The British Raj in India written by S. M. Burke and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This scholarly study is different from earlier books on the Raj in that it is neither hero-oriented nor self justifying. The emphasis instead is on world events and developments inside the subcontinent which influenced the conduct of the leaders, and affected the course of events. It is the crucial transfer of power process resulting in the partition of Britain's Indian Empire into two independent states that is appraised. The authors have made good use of the massive documentation made available by the British Government since 1983, as well as the unique archives kept in the British Museum. These have enabled the authors to throw some new light on the partition process, in particular on the workings of the Radcliff Boundary Awards Commission.
The Role Played By Revolutionaries In The Freedom Struggle Is A Romantic Saga In The Annals Of Our Country. The Patri¬Otic Zeal Indeed Was Proverbial As They Came Out Of Their Educational Institutions At A Very Young Age. The Cult Of Violence Against The Raj Was In Operation For A Number Of Years And In These Efforts The Young Patriots Succeeded Well In Their Mission.The Aim Of Life To Them Was A Sacred Duty Towards Their Country. They Did Not Like Constitutional Methods To Be Used In The Course Of The Freedom Struggle. Their Methods, They Opined, Were Result-Orien¬Ted As They Did Not Wish To Go Slow In Their Methods. In Numerous The Youths Were Cut Off At The Prime Of Their Life. Indeed Their Sacrifices Were Supreme And The Role They Played Was Noble And Patriotic. The Raj Was At Its Nerves To See The Operations Of The Youths In The Second And Third Decades Of The Twentieth Century.
Book Synopsis Revolutionaries and the British Raj by : Shiri Ram Bakshi
Download or read book Revolutionaries and the British Raj written by Shiri Ram Bakshi and published by Atlantic Publishers & Distri. This book was released on 1988 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role Played By Revolutionaries In The Freedom Struggle Is A Romantic Saga In The Annals Of Our Country. The Patri¬Otic Zeal Indeed Was Proverbial As They Came Out Of Their Educational Institutions At A Very Young Age. The Cult Of Violence Against The Raj Was In Operation For A Number Of Years And In These Efforts The Young Patriots Succeeded Well In Their Mission.The Aim Of Life To Them Was A Sacred Duty Towards Their Country. They Did Not Like Constitutional Methods To Be Used In The Course Of The Freedom Struggle. Their Methods, They Opined, Were Result-Orien¬Ted As They Did Not Wish To Go Slow In Their Methods. In Numerous The Youths Were Cut Off At The Prime Of Their Life. Indeed Their Sacrifices Were Supreme And The Role They Played Was Noble And Patriotic. The Raj Was At Its Nerves To See The Operations Of The Youths In The Second And Third Decades Of The Twentieth Century.
Download or read book The British Raj written by Denis Judd and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The Political, Economic And Social Condition Of The Punjab Took A New Turn During The First Global War. There Was Much Resentment And Dissatisfac¬Tion At Various Levels In The Province. The People Could Not Expect Solution Of Their Problems Which Were Growing Day By Day. Hence The Anti-Raj Stance Was Magnified More And More With The Passage Of Time.The New Laws Passed By The Raj Were Indeed No Solution To Contain The Growing Dissatisfaction. They Were Thought To Be A Severe Attack On Their Civil Liberties And Rights For Which They Were Denied Justice As They Could Not Go To The Court Of Law. The Atrocities On Innocent People Before And After The Martial Law Were Proverbial In The History Of Our Country. People Lost Faith In The Efficacy Of The Raj And Sought Ways And Means To Launch An All India Non-Violent Struggle, In The Coming Years, Under The Leader¬Ship Of Mahatma Gandhi.The Book Analyses In A Compre¬Hensive Way The Severe Mass Opposi¬Tion To The Rowlatt Bills Resulting Into The Ghastly Tragedy In The Jallianwala Bagh At Amritsar. It Is Based On An Analytical Study Of Archival Sources. The Work Would Be A Useful Study For Students, Teachers And Researchers Of Modern Indian History.
Book Synopsis Nationalism And British Raj by : S.R. Bakshi
Download or read book Nationalism And British Raj written by S.R. Bakshi and published by Atlantic Publishers & Dist. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Political, Economic And Social Condition Of The Punjab Took A New Turn During The First Global War. There Was Much Resentment And Dissatisfac¬Tion At Various Levels In The Province. The People Could Not Expect Solution Of Their Problems Which Were Growing Day By Day. Hence The Anti-Raj Stance Was Magnified More And More With The Passage Of Time.The New Laws Passed By The Raj Were Indeed No Solution To Contain The Growing Dissatisfaction. They Were Thought To Be A Severe Attack On Their Civil Liberties And Rights For Which They Were Denied Justice As They Could Not Go To The Court Of Law. The Atrocities On Innocent People Before And After The Martial Law Were Proverbial In The History Of Our Country. People Lost Faith In The Efficacy Of The Raj And Sought Ways And Means To Launch An All India Non-Violent Struggle, In The Coming Years, Under The Leader¬Ship Of Mahatma Gandhi.The Book Analyses In A Compre¬Hensive Way The Severe Mass Opposi¬Tion To The Rowlatt Bills Resulting Into The Ghastly Tragedy In The Jallianwala Bagh At Amritsar. It Is Based On An Analytical Study Of Archival Sources. The Work Would Be A Useful Study For Students, Teachers And Researchers Of Modern Indian History.
Ideologies of the Raj examines how the British sought to justify their rule over India. The author argues that two divergent strategies were devised to legitimate their authority: the one defined characteristics which the Indians shared with the British themselves, while the other emphasised qualities of enduring 'difference'. In the end, however, the differences predominated in the colonial view of India. Since the British constructed few explicit ideologies of empire, the author explores the workings of the Raj through the study of its underlying assumptions as revealed in policies and writings. Students of modern India and the British Empire will find Thomas Metcalf's book relevant and accessible.
Book Synopsis Ideologies of the Raj by : Thomas R. Metcalf
Download or read book Ideologies of the Raj written by Thomas R. Metcalf and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-02-27 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideologies of the Raj examines how the British sought to justify their rule over India. The author argues that two divergent strategies were devised to legitimate their authority: the one defined characteristics which the Indians shared with the British themselves, while the other emphasised qualities of enduring 'difference'. In the end, however, the differences predominated in the colonial view of India. Since the British constructed few explicit ideologies of empire, the author explores the workings of the Raj through the study of its underlying assumptions as revealed in policies and writings. Students of modern India and the British Empire will find Thomas Metcalf's book relevant and accessible.
"How did a few thousand people from a small, windswept island in the northern seas end up ruling a far distant subcontinent with a population of millions? Were the British in India intent on development or exploitation? Were they really the 'civilizing' influence they claimed? And what were Britain's greatest legacies - democracy and the rule of law, or cricket and an efficient railway system? Best-selling historian Denis Judd tells the epic story of the British impact upon India, capturing the essence of what the Raj really meant both for the British and their Indian subjects."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis The Lion and the Tiger by : Denis Judd
Download or read book The Lion and the Tiger written by Denis Judd and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How did a few thousand people from a small, windswept island in the northern seas end up ruling a far distant subcontinent with a population of millions? Were the British in India intent on development or exploitation? Were they really the 'civilizing' influence they claimed? And what were Britain's greatest legacies - democracy and the rule of law, or cricket and an efficient railway system? Best-selling historian Denis Judd tells the epic story of the British impact upon India, capturing the essence of what the Raj really meant both for the British and their Indian subjects."--BOOK JACKET.
*Includes pictures *Includes contemporary accounts of British India *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading The British East India Company served as one of the key players in the formation of the British Empire. From its origins as a trading company struggling to keep up with its superior Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish competitors to its tenure as the ruling authority of the Indian subcontinent to its eventual hubristic downfall, the East India Company serves as a lens through which to explore the much larger economic and social forces that shaped the formation of a global British Empire. As a private company that became a non-state global power in its own right, the East India Company also serves as a cautionary tale all too relevant to the modern world's current political and economic situation. To the Indian people, the events of 1857 are known as the first War for Independence. For the British, the time is referred to as a mutiny, an uprising, or a rebellion. It is ironic that a similar story played out just under 100 years earlier, during the American Revolution, or as the Americans called it, the War for Independence. Whatever the moniker, in 1857, one of the Indian armies, the Bengal, mutinied. In the most cursory histories of the period, the cause of the rebellion is simply cited as an oversight, a change in the type of grease used in powder cartridges rumored to contain animal fat. This revelation horrified both Hindus and Muslims. The British response, which either failed to recognize the need to address the growing rumors or attempted to force Muslim and Hindu soldiers to use the ammunition despite their objections, made things worse. Once it had put a stop to the rebellion by defeating the various Indian rebel groups individually, the British government ended up ruling India directly. However, as McLeod pointed out, "Like much of British imperial expansion, taking formal control of India was not intentional. Instead when British lives and trading interests (represented by the East India Company) were threatened by violent reaction to encroaching westernization, London felt obligated to step in to take control of both the situation and the country." The news was delivered to the Indian people in a proclamation by the English government in 1858. Ultimately, the East India Company's activity across the Indian subcontinent led to further British involvement there, and the British Raj, a period of British dominance and rule over India that formally began in 1857 and lasted until 1947, remains a highly debated topic amongst historians, political scientists, the British people, and the people of modern India. By the time the British began to contemplate a withdrawal from India, 565 princely states were officially recognized, in addition to thousands of zamindaris and jagirs, which were in effect feudal estates. The stature of each Princely State was defined by the number of guns fired in salute upon a ceremonial occasion honoring one or other of the princes. These ranged from nine-gun to twenty-one-gun salutes and, in a great many cases, no salute at all. It stands to reason, therefore, as India began the countdown to independence after World War II, that the Indian Muslim leadership would begin to express anxiety over the prospect of universal suffrage and majority rule. At less than 20 percent of the population, Indian Muslims would inevitably find themselves overwhelmed by the Hindu majority, and as the British prepared to divest themselves of India, ancient enmities between Hindu and Muslim, long papered over by the secular and remote government of Britain, began once again to surface. British India: The History and Legacy of the British Raj and the Partition of India and Pakistan into Separate Nations looks at the centuries of British involvement in the region and its aftermath.
Book Synopsis British India by : Charles River Charles River Editors
Download or read book British India written by Charles River Charles River Editors and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes contemporary accounts of British India *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading The British East India Company served as one of the key players in the formation of the British Empire. From its origins as a trading company struggling to keep up with its superior Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish competitors to its tenure as the ruling authority of the Indian subcontinent to its eventual hubristic downfall, the East India Company serves as a lens through which to explore the much larger economic and social forces that shaped the formation of a global British Empire. As a private company that became a non-state global power in its own right, the East India Company also serves as a cautionary tale all too relevant to the modern world's current political and economic situation. To the Indian people, the events of 1857 are known as the first War for Independence. For the British, the time is referred to as a mutiny, an uprising, or a rebellion. It is ironic that a similar story played out just under 100 years earlier, during the American Revolution, or as the Americans called it, the War for Independence. Whatever the moniker, in 1857, one of the Indian armies, the Bengal, mutinied. In the most cursory histories of the period, the cause of the rebellion is simply cited as an oversight, a change in the type of grease used in powder cartridges rumored to contain animal fat. This revelation horrified both Hindus and Muslims. The British response, which either failed to recognize the need to address the growing rumors or attempted to force Muslim and Hindu soldiers to use the ammunition despite their objections, made things worse. Once it had put a stop to the rebellion by defeating the various Indian rebel groups individually, the British government ended up ruling India directly. However, as McLeod pointed out, "Like much of British imperial expansion, taking formal control of India was not intentional. Instead when British lives and trading interests (represented by the East India Company) were threatened by violent reaction to encroaching westernization, London felt obligated to step in to take control of both the situation and the country." The news was delivered to the Indian people in a proclamation by the English government in 1858. Ultimately, the East India Company's activity across the Indian subcontinent led to further British involvement there, and the British Raj, a period of British dominance and rule over India that formally began in 1857 and lasted until 1947, remains a highly debated topic amongst historians, political scientists, the British people, and the people of modern India. By the time the British began to contemplate a withdrawal from India, 565 princely states were officially recognized, in addition to thousands of zamindaris and jagirs, which were in effect feudal estates. The stature of each Princely State was defined by the number of guns fired in salute upon a ceremonial occasion honoring one or other of the princes. These ranged from nine-gun to twenty-one-gun salutes and, in a great many cases, no salute at all. It stands to reason, therefore, as India began the countdown to independence after World War II, that the Indian Muslim leadership would begin to express anxiety over the prospect of universal suffrage and majority rule. At less than 20 percent of the population, Indian Muslims would inevitably find themselves overwhelmed by the Hindu majority, and as the British prepared to divest themselves of India, ancient enmities between Hindu and Muslim, long papered over by the secular and remote government of Britain, began once again to surface. British India: The History and Legacy of the British Raj and the Partition of India and Pakistan into Separate Nations looks at the centuries of British involvement in the region and its aftermath.
