The Catholic Invasion of China

The Catholic Invasion of China

Author: D. E. Mungello

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2015-07-01

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13: 144225050X

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The culmination of D. E. Mungello’s forty years of study on Sino-Western history, this book provides a compelling and nuanced history of Roman Catholicism in modern China. As the author vividly shows, when China declined into a two-century cycle of poverty, powerlessness, and humiliation, the attitudes of Catholic missionaries became less accommodating than their famous Jesuit predecessors. He argues that “invasion” accurately characterizes the dominant attitude of Catholic missionaries (especially the French Jesuits) in their attempt to introduce Western religion and culture into China during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Elements of this attitude lingered until the end of the last century, when many Chinese felt that Pope John Paul II’s canonization of 120 martyrs reflected the imposition of an imperialist mentality. In this important work, Mungello corrects a major misreading of modern Chinese history by arguing that the growth of an indigenous Catholic church in the twentieth century transformed the negative aspects of the “invasion” into a positive Chinese religious force.


Book Synopsis The Catholic Invasion of China by : D. E. Mungello

Download or read book The Catholic Invasion of China written by D. E. Mungello and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The culmination of D. E. Mungello’s forty years of study on Sino-Western history, this book provides a compelling and nuanced history of Roman Catholicism in modern China. As the author vividly shows, when China declined into a two-century cycle of poverty, powerlessness, and humiliation, the attitudes of Catholic missionaries became less accommodating than their famous Jesuit predecessors. He argues that “invasion” accurately characterizes the dominant attitude of Catholic missionaries (especially the French Jesuits) in their attempt to introduce Western religion and culture into China during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Elements of this attitude lingered until the end of the last century, when many Chinese felt that Pope John Paul II’s canonization of 120 martyrs reflected the imposition of an imperialist mentality. In this important work, Mungello corrects a major misreading of modern Chinese history by arguing that the growth of an indigenous Catholic church in the twentieth century transformed the negative aspects of the “invasion” into a positive Chinese religious force.


This Suffering Is My Joy

This Suffering Is My Joy

Author: D. E. Mungello

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2021-03-29

Total Pages: 187

ISBN-13: 1538150301

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Tracing the little-known history of the first underground Catholic church in China, noted scholar D. E. Mungello illuminates the period between the imperial expulsion of foreign Christian missionaries in 1724 and their return with European colonialism in the 1800s. Few realize that this was the first time in which Chinese, rather than Europeans, came to control their own church as Chinese clergy and lay leaders maintained communities of clandestine Catholics. Mungello follows the church in a time of persecution, focusing in particular on the role of Chinese clergy and lay leaders in maintaining communities of clandestine Catholics during the eighteenth century. He highlights the parallels between the 1724 and 1951 expulsions of missionaries from China, the first driven by a Chinese imperial system and the second by a revolutionary Communist government. The two periods also reflected foreign bias against the Chinese priests and laity and questions about their spiritual depth and constancy. However, Mungello shows that the historical record of incarcerated and interrogated Christians reveals a spiritually inspired resistance to government oppression and a willingness to suffer, often to the point of martyrdom.


Book Synopsis This Suffering Is My Joy by : D. E. Mungello

Download or read book This Suffering Is My Joy written by D. E. Mungello and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-03-29 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracing the little-known history of the first underground Catholic church in China, noted scholar D. E. Mungello illuminates the period between the imperial expulsion of foreign Christian missionaries in 1724 and their return with European colonialism in the 1800s. Few realize that this was the first time in which Chinese, rather than Europeans, came to control their own church as Chinese clergy and lay leaders maintained communities of clandestine Catholics. Mungello follows the church in a time of persecution, focusing in particular on the role of Chinese clergy and lay leaders in maintaining communities of clandestine Catholics during the eighteenth century. He highlights the parallels between the 1724 and 1951 expulsions of missionaries from China, the first driven by a Chinese imperial system and the second by a revolutionary Communist government. The two periods also reflected foreign bias against the Chinese priests and laity and questions about their spiritual depth and constancy. However, Mungello shows that the historical record of incarcerated and interrogated Christians reveals a spiritually inspired resistance to government oppression and a willingness to suffer, often to the point of martyrdom.


Ecclesiastical Colony

Ecclesiastical Colony

Author: Ernest P. Young

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2013-04-25

Total Pages: 402

ISBN-13: 0199924627

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The French Religious Protectorate was an institutionalized and enduring policy of the French government, based on a claim by the French state to be guardian of all Catholics in China. The expansive nature of the Protectorate's claim across nationalities elicited opposition from official and ordinary Chinese, other foreign countries, and even the pope. Yet French authorities believed their Protectorate was essential to their political prominence in the country. This book examines the dynamics of the French policy, the supporting role played in it by ecclesiastical authority, and its function in embittering Sino-foreign relations. In the 1910s, the dissidence of some missionaries and Chinese Catholics introduced turmoil inside the church itself. The rebels viewed the link between French power and the foreign-run church as prejudicial to the evangelistic project. The issue came into the open in 1916, when French authorities seized territory in the city of Tianjin on the grounds of protecting Catholics. In response, many Catholics joined in a campaign of patriotic protest, which became linked to a movement to end the subordination of the Chinese Catholic clergy to foreign missionaries and to appoint Chinese bishops. With new leadership in the Vatican sympathetic to reforms, serious steps were taken from the late 1910s to establish a Chinese-led church, but foreign bishops, their missionary societies, and the French government fought back. During the 1930s, the effort to create an indigenous church stalled. It was less than halfway to realization when the Chinese Communist Party took power in 1949. Ecclesiastical Colony reveals the powerful personalities, major debates, and complex series of events behind the turmoil that characterized the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century experience of the Catholic church in China.


Book Synopsis Ecclesiastical Colony by : Ernest P. Young

Download or read book Ecclesiastical Colony written by Ernest P. Young and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The French Religious Protectorate was an institutionalized and enduring policy of the French government, based on a claim by the French state to be guardian of all Catholics in China. The expansive nature of the Protectorate's claim across nationalities elicited opposition from official and ordinary Chinese, other foreign countries, and even the pope. Yet French authorities believed their Protectorate was essential to their political prominence in the country. This book examines the dynamics of the French policy, the supporting role played in it by ecclesiastical authority, and its function in embittering Sino-foreign relations. In the 1910s, the dissidence of some missionaries and Chinese Catholics introduced turmoil inside the church itself. The rebels viewed the link between French power and the foreign-run church as prejudicial to the evangelistic project. The issue came into the open in 1916, when French authorities seized territory in the city of Tianjin on the grounds of protecting Catholics. In response, many Catholics joined in a campaign of patriotic protest, which became linked to a movement to end the subordination of the Chinese Catholic clergy to foreign missionaries and to appoint Chinese bishops. With new leadership in the Vatican sympathetic to reforms, serious steps were taken from the late 1910s to establish a Chinese-led church, but foreign bishops, their missionary societies, and the French government fought back. During the 1930s, the effort to create an indigenous church stalled. It was less than halfway to realization when the Chinese Communist Party took power in 1949. Ecclesiastical Colony reveals the powerful personalities, major debates, and complex series of events behind the turmoil that characterized the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century experience of the Catholic church in China.


The Catholic Church in China from 1860 to 1907

The Catholic Church in China from 1860 to 1907

Author: Bertram Wolferstan

Publisher:

Published: 1909

Total Pages: 522

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis The Catholic Church in China from 1860 to 1907 by : Bertram Wolferstan

Download or read book The Catholic Church in China from 1860 to 1907 written by Bertram Wolferstan and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


China, American Catholicism, and the Missionary

China, American Catholicism, and the Missionary

Author: Thomas A. Breslin

Publisher: University Park : Pennsylvania State University Press

Published: 1980

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis China, American Catholicism, and the Missionary by : Thomas A. Breslin

Download or read book China, American Catholicism, and the Missionary written by Thomas A. Breslin and published by University Park : Pennsylvania State University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


Chinese Catholic Church in Conflict

Chinese Catholic Church in Conflict

Author: Beatrice Leung

Publisher: Universal-Publishers

Published: 2004

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 9781581125146

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This is a sociological and historical analysis of the conflict between the state and the Catholic Church in China between 1949 and 2001 during half of a century of the socialist regime. The relationship began with conflict, followed by accomodation and finally a cooperative spirit had developed for a complex web of political and diplomatic reasons. Never in the past the Catholic Church has shown a rigorous growth under the encouragement of the Communist Party to shape the Church in the image of a indigenous and local church and to minimize the influence of the Vatican. There remains a persistent struggle between the underground church, those who remain loyal to early missionaries and to the Holy See, and the official national church controlled by the Party/State. The authors argue that there is hope that the conflict will eventually disappear as the new leadership in Beijing may one day restore a diplomatic relationship with the Vatican.


Book Synopsis Chinese Catholic Church in Conflict by : Beatrice Leung

Download or read book Chinese Catholic Church in Conflict written by Beatrice Leung and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a sociological and historical analysis of the conflict between the state and the Catholic Church in China between 1949 and 2001 during half of a century of the socialist regime. The relationship began with conflict, followed by accomodation and finally a cooperative spirit had developed for a complex web of political and diplomatic reasons. Never in the past the Catholic Church has shown a rigorous growth under the encouragement of the Communist Party to shape the Church in the image of a indigenous and local church and to minimize the influence of the Vatican. There remains a persistent struggle between the underground church, those who remain loyal to early missionaries and to the Holy See, and the official national church controlled by the Party/State. The authors argue that there is hope that the conflict will eventually disappear as the new leadership in Beijing may one day restore a diplomatic relationship with the Vatican.


China's Old Churches

China's Old Churches

Author: Alan Richard Sweeten

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2019-12-16

Total Pages: 441

ISBN-13: 9004416188

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Alan Sweeten’s China’s Old Churches presents a long-term historical view of Catholicism in north China as seen through Western-style sacred structures. Using historical materials as well as architectural and visual evidence, he reveals churches’ former impact and their present-day legacy.


Book Synopsis China's Old Churches by : Alan Richard Sweeten

Download or read book China's Old Churches written by Alan Richard Sweeten and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alan Sweeten’s China’s Old Churches presents a long-term historical view of Catholicism in north China as seen through Western-style sacred structures. Using historical materials as well as architectural and visual evidence, he reveals churches’ former impact and their present-day legacy.


The Catholic Church and the Chinese World

The Catholic Church and the Chinese World

Author: Agostino Giovagnoli

Publisher:

Published: 2005

Total Pages: 328

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis The Catholic Church and the Chinese World by : Agostino Giovagnoli

Download or read book The Catholic Church and the Chinese World written by Agostino Giovagnoli and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


Journey to the East

Journey to the East

Author: Liam Matthew Brockey

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2008-12-15

Total Pages: 511

ISBN-13: 0674262360

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It was one of the great encounters of world history: highly educated European priests confronting Chinese culture for the first time in the modern era. This “journey to the East” is explored by Liam Brockey as he retraces the path of the Jesuit missionaries who sailed from Portugal to China, believing that, with little more than firm conviction and divine assistance, they could convert the Chinese to Christianity. Moving beyond the image of Jesuits as cultural emissaries, his book shows how these priests, in the first concerted European effort to engage with Chinese language and thought, translated Roman Catholicism into the Chinese cultural frame and eventually claimed two hundred thousand converts. The first narrative history of the Jesuits’ mission from 1579 until the proscription of Christianity in China in 1724, this study is also the first to use extensive documentation of the enterprise found in Lisbon and Rome. The peril of travel in the premodern world, the danger of entering a foreign land alone and unarmed, and the challenge of understanding a radically different culture result in episodes of high drama set against such backdrops as the imperial court of Peking, the villages of Shanxi Province, and the bustling cities of the Yangzi Delta region. Further scenes show how the Jesuits claimed conversions and molded their Christian communities into outposts of Baroque Catholicism in the vastness of China. In the retelling, this story reaches across continents and centuries to reveal the deep political, cultural, scientific, linguistic, and religious complexities of a true early engagement between East and West.


Book Synopsis Journey to the East by : Liam Matthew Brockey

Download or read book Journey to the East written by Liam Matthew Brockey and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2008-12-15 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It was one of the great encounters of world history: highly educated European priests confronting Chinese culture for the first time in the modern era. This “journey to the East” is explored by Liam Brockey as he retraces the path of the Jesuit missionaries who sailed from Portugal to China, believing that, with little more than firm conviction and divine assistance, they could convert the Chinese to Christianity. Moving beyond the image of Jesuits as cultural emissaries, his book shows how these priests, in the first concerted European effort to engage with Chinese language and thought, translated Roman Catholicism into the Chinese cultural frame and eventually claimed two hundred thousand converts. The first narrative history of the Jesuits’ mission from 1579 until the proscription of Christianity in China in 1724, this study is also the first to use extensive documentation of the enterprise found in Lisbon and Rome. The peril of travel in the premodern world, the danger of entering a foreign land alone and unarmed, and the challenge of understanding a radically different culture result in episodes of high drama set against such backdrops as the imperial court of Peking, the villages of Shanxi Province, and the bustling cities of the Yangzi Delta region. Further scenes show how the Jesuits claimed conversions and molded their Christian communities into outposts of Baroque Catholicism in the vastness of China. In the retelling, this story reaches across continents and centuries to reveal the deep political, cultural, scientific, linguistic, and religious complexities of a true early engagement between East and West.


Borrowed Place

Borrowed Place

Author: Riika-Leena Juntunen

Publisher: BRILL

Published: 2015-08-17

Total Pages: 387

ISBN-13: 9004302948

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In Borrowed Place Riika-Leena Juntunen creates a microhistorical narrative around mission stations to reveal how the foreign structures became localized and adapted in their new environment during the turbulent years of early twentieth century Hunan.


Book Synopsis Borrowed Place by : Riika-Leena Juntunen

Download or read book Borrowed Place written by Riika-Leena Juntunen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Borrowed Place Riika-Leena Juntunen creates a microhistorical narrative around mission stations to reveal how the foreign structures became localized and adapted in their new environment during the turbulent years of early twentieth century Hunan.