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Book Synopsis The Collection and Utilization of Pollen by the Honeybee by : Ralph Langley Parker
Download or read book The Collection and Utilization of Pollen by the Honeybee written by Ralph Langley Parker and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
While working upon the problem of wax-scale manipulation during the summer of 1911 the writer became convinced that the so-called wax shears or pinchers of the worker honey bee have nothing whatever to do with the extraction of the wax scales from their pockets, but rather that they are organs used in loading the pollen from the pollen combs of the hind legs into the corbiculæ or pollen baskets. Further observations made at that time disclosed the exact method by which the hind legs are instrumental in the pollen-loading process and also the way in which the middle legs aid the hind legs in patting down the pollen masses. During the summer of 1912 additional information was secured, more particularly that relating to the manner in which pollen is collected upon the body and legs of the bee, how it is transferred to the hind legs, how it is moistened, and finally the method by which it is stored in the hive for future use. In the present paper a complete account will be given of the history of the pollen from the time it leaves the flower until it rests within the cells of the hive. The points of more particular interest in the description of pollen manipulation refer to (1) the movements concerned in gathering the pollen from the flowers upon the body and legs, (2) the method by which the baskets of the hind legs receive the loads which they carry to the hive, and (3) the manner in which the bee moistens pollen and renders it sufficiently cohesive for packing and transportation.
Book Synopsis The Behavior of the Honey Bee in Pollen Collection by : Dana Brackenridge Casteel
Download or read book The Behavior of the Honey Bee in Pollen Collection written by Dana Brackenridge Casteel and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2022-07-20 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While working upon the problem of wax-scale manipulation during the summer of 1911 the writer became convinced that the so-called wax shears or pinchers of the worker honey bee have nothing whatever to do with the extraction of the wax scales from their pockets, but rather that they are organs used in loading the pollen from the pollen combs of the hind legs into the corbiculæ or pollen baskets. Further observations made at that time disclosed the exact method by which the hind legs are instrumental in the pollen-loading process and also the way in which the middle legs aid the hind legs in patting down the pollen masses. During the summer of 1912 additional information was secured, more particularly that relating to the manner in which pollen is collected upon the body and legs of the bee, how it is transferred to the hind legs, how it is moistened, and finally the method by which it is stored in the hive for future use. In the present paper a complete account will be given of the history of the pollen from the time it leaves the flower until it rests within the cells of the hive. The points of more particular interest in the description of pollen manipulation refer to (1) the movements concerned in gathering the pollen from the flowers upon the body and legs, (2) the method by which the baskets of the hind legs receive the loads which they carry to the hive, and (3) the manner in which the bee moistens pollen and renders it sufficiently cohesive for packing and transportation.
Book Synopsis Relationship Between Different Amounts of Brood and the Collection and Utilization of Pollen in the Honey Bee (A̲p̲i̲s̲ M̲e̲l̲l̲i̲f̲e̲r̲a̲) by : Richard Leo Hellmich
Download or read book Relationship Between Different Amounts of Brood and the Collection and Utilization of Pollen in the Honey Bee (A̲p̲i̲s̲ M̲e̲l̲l̲i̲f̲e̲r̲a̲) written by Richard Leo Hellmich and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Pollen studies make important contributions nature, into three main themes: pollen struc to our knowledge in many interdisciplinary ture and constituents, pollen evolutionary arenas. Pollen identification is widely used in ecology and the pollen-pollinator interface. reconstruction of, e.g., vegetation, the climate Several papers overlap somewhat or are of the past, and plant biodiversity. Studies perhaps even somewhat contradictory and concerning pollen structure, size and form are reflect the author's own ideas and experience. key issues in basic sciences, as, e.g., plant Some could be understood more deeply by taxonomy and evolution, but are also of consulting other closely related articles. The importance in applied fields as, e.g., plant reader is strongly referred to the respective breeding. In pollination studies pollen is literature list of each article. generally used specifically to identify food ofanther ripening and pollen The last steps development (Pacini) and the mature pollen sources of visitors and to reconstruct their foraging routes. Fewer have been devoted to wall structure (Hesse) are key factors to pollen collection mechanisms and to the struc understand pollen dispersal mechanisms in ture and content of pollen in relation to its biotic pollination (Stroo) as well as abiotic pollination (Ackerman). Pollen size, shape, function.
Book Synopsis Pollen and Pollination by : Amots Dafni
Download or read book Pollen and Pollination written by Amots Dafni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollen studies make important contributions nature, into three main themes: pollen struc to our knowledge in many interdisciplinary ture and constituents, pollen evolutionary arenas. Pollen identification is widely used in ecology and the pollen-pollinator interface. reconstruction of, e.g., vegetation, the climate Several papers overlap somewhat or are of the past, and plant biodiversity. Studies perhaps even somewhat contradictory and concerning pollen structure, size and form are reflect the author's own ideas and experience. key issues in basic sciences, as, e.g., plant Some could be understood more deeply by taxonomy and evolution, but are also of consulting other closely related articles. The importance in applied fields as, e.g., plant reader is strongly referred to the respective breeding. In pollination studies pollen is literature list of each article. generally used specifically to identify food ofanther ripening and pollen The last steps development (Pacini) and the mature pollen sources of visitors and to reconstruct their foraging routes. Fewer have been devoted to wall structure (Hesse) are key factors to pollen collection mechanisms and to the struc understand pollen dispersal mechanisms in ture and content of pollen in relation to its biotic pollination (Stroo) as well as abiotic pollination (Ackerman). Pollen size, shape, function.
Book Synopsis Studies on the Utilization of Pollen by the Honey Bee by : Warren Whitcomb
Download or read book Studies on the Utilization of Pollen by the Honey Bee written by Warren Whitcomb and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Anther written by William G. D'Arcy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-03-07 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Talks about each habitat and shows what would happen if the food chain was broken.
Book Synopsis What If There Were No Bees? by : Suzanne Slade
Download or read book What If There Were No Bees? written by Suzanne Slade and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2011 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Talks about each habitat and shows what would happen if the food chain was broken.
Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Book Synopsis Status of Pollinators in North America by : National Research Council
Download or read book Status of Pollinators in North America written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Excerpt from The Behavior of the Honey Bee in Pollen Collecting Although, as above noted, some unbranched hairs are located upon the body of the bee, they occur in greatest numbers upon the more distal segments of the appendages. They are quite diverse in form, some being extremely long and slender, such as those which curve over the pollen baskets, others being stout and stifl', as those which form the collecting brushes and the pecten spines. The mouth parts Of the bee are also essential to the proper col lection of pollen. T h e mandibles are used to scrape over the anthers Of flowers, and considerable pollen adheres to them and is later removed. The same is true of the maxillae and tongue. From the mouth comes the fluid by which the pollen grains are moistened. The legs Of the worker bee are especially adapted for pollen gath ering. Each leg bears a collecting brush, composed Of stiff, un branched hairs set closely together. These brushes are located upon the first or most proximal tarsal segment of the legs, known techni cally as the palmae of the forelegs and as the plantae of the middle and hind pair. The brush of the foreleg is elongated and of Slight width (fig. That of the middle leg broad and flat (fig. While the brush upon the planta of the hind leg is the broadest of all, and is also the most highly Specialized. In addition to these well-marked brushes, the distal ends Of the tibiae of the fore and middle legs bear many stiff hairs, which function as pollen collectors, and the distal tarsal joints Of all legs bear similar structures. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Book Synopsis The Behavior of the Honey Bee in Pollen Collecting (Classic Reprint) by : Dana Brackenridge Casteel
Download or read book The Behavior of the Honey Bee in Pollen Collecting (Classic Reprint) written by Dana Brackenridge Casteel and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-05 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Behavior of the Honey Bee in Pollen Collecting Although, as above noted, some unbranched hairs are located upon the body of the bee, they occur in greatest numbers upon the more distal segments of the appendages. They are quite diverse in form, some being extremely long and slender, such as those which curve over the pollen baskets, others being stout and stifl', as those which form the collecting brushes and the pecten spines. The mouth parts Of the bee are also essential to the proper col lection of pollen. T h e mandibles are used to scrape over the anthers Of flowers, and considerable pollen adheres to them and is later removed. The same is true of the maxillae and tongue. From the mouth comes the fluid by which the pollen grains are moistened. The legs Of the worker bee are especially adapted for pollen gath ering. Each leg bears a collecting brush, composed Of stiff, un branched hairs set closely together. These brushes are located upon the first or most proximal tarsal segment of the legs, known techni cally as the palmae of the forelegs and as the plantae of the middle and hind pair. The brush of the foreleg is elongated and of Slight width (fig. That of the middle leg broad and flat (fig. While the brush upon the planta of the hind leg is the broadest of all, and is also the most highly Specialized. In addition to these well-marked brushes, the distal ends Of the tibiae of the fore and middle legs bear many stiff hairs, which function as pollen collectors, and the distal tarsal joints Of all legs bear similar structures. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Book Synopsis A Study of the Classification of the More Primitive Non-Parasitic Anthophorine Bees by : Charles Duncan Michener
Download or read book A Study of the Classification of the More Primitive Non-Parasitic Anthophorine Bees written by Charles Duncan Michener and published by . This book was released on 2012-09-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American Museum Of Natural History, V112.