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The book illuminates the political process that over the course of six generations brought about the personalization of authority in Liberia; and it links that system of personal rule to the highly centralized structures of the postcolonial state. The book concludes by exploring the future of self-govenance in Liberia and all of postcolonial Africa. The author became president of the Republic of Liberia after the civil war 1989-90.
Book Synopsis The Emergence of Autocracy in Liberia by : Amos Sawyer
Download or read book The Emergence of Autocracy in Liberia written by Amos Sawyer and published by ICS Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book illuminates the political process that over the course of six generations brought about the personalization of authority in Liberia; and it links that system of personal rule to the highly centralized structures of the postcolonial state. The book concludes by exploring the future of self-govenance in Liberia and all of postcolonial Africa. The author became president of the Republic of Liberia after the civil war 1989-90.
Liberia, a small West African country that has been wracked by violence and civil war since 1989, seems a paradoxical place in which to examine questions of democracy and popular participation. Yet Liberia is also the oldest republic in Africa, having become independent in 1847 after colonization by an American philanthropic organization as a refuge for "Free People of Color" from the United States. Many analysts have attributed the violent upheaval and state collapse Liberia experienced in the 1980s and 1990s to a lack of democratic institutions and long-standing patterns of autocracy, secrecy, and lack of transparency. Liberia: The Violence of Democracy is a response, from an anthropological perspective, to the literature on neopatrimonialism in Africa. Mary H. Moran argues that democracy is not a foreign import into Africa but that essential aspects of what we in the West consider democratic values are part of the indigenous African traditions of legitimacy and political process. In the case of Liberia, these democratic traditions include institutionalized checks and balances operating at the local level that allow for the voices of structural subordinates (women and younger men) to be heard and be effective in making claims. Moran maintains that the violence and state collapse that have beset Liberia and the surrounding region in the past two decades cannot be attributed to ancient tribal hatreds or neopatrimonial leaders who are simply a modern version of traditional chiefs. Rather, democracy and violence are intersecting themes in Liberian history that have manifested themselves in numerous contexts over the years. Moran challenges many assumptions about Africa as a continent and speaks in an impassioned voice about the meanings of democracy and violence within Liberia.
Book Synopsis Liberia by : Mary H. Moran
Download or read book Liberia written by Mary H. Moran and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liberia, a small West African country that has been wracked by violence and civil war since 1989, seems a paradoxical place in which to examine questions of democracy and popular participation. Yet Liberia is also the oldest republic in Africa, having become independent in 1847 after colonization by an American philanthropic organization as a refuge for "Free People of Color" from the United States. Many analysts have attributed the violent upheaval and state collapse Liberia experienced in the 1980s and 1990s to a lack of democratic institutions and long-standing patterns of autocracy, secrecy, and lack of transparency. Liberia: The Violence of Democracy is a response, from an anthropological perspective, to the literature on neopatrimonialism in Africa. Mary H. Moran argues that democracy is not a foreign import into Africa but that essential aspects of what we in the West consider democratic values are part of the indigenous African traditions of legitimacy and political process. In the case of Liberia, these democratic traditions include institutionalized checks and balances operating at the local level that allow for the voices of structural subordinates (women and younger men) to be heard and be effective in making claims. Moran maintains that the violence and state collapse that have beset Liberia and the surrounding region in the past two decades cannot be attributed to ancient tribal hatreds or neopatrimonial leaders who are simply a modern version of traditional chiefs. Rather, democracy and violence are intersecting themes in Liberian history that have manifested themselves in numerous contexts over the years. Moran challenges many assumptions about Africa as a continent and speaks in an impassioned voice about the meanings of democracy and violence within Liberia.
On April 12, 1980, a group of soldiers led by Master Sergeant Samuel K. Doe executed a bloody coup that put an end to the Americo-Liberian minority regime in Liberia, transforming Africa’s first republic into a military dictatorship. In Liberia under Samuel Doe, 1980-1985: The Politics of Personal Rule, Yekutiel Gershoni examines the evolution and effects of Samuel K. Doe’s reign in Liberia. Gershoni shows Doe’s path to absolute power, corruption, and dictatorship and the economic crises and political turmoil that ensued, even after his murder in 1990. Liberia under Samuel Doe also examines the role of the United States as Liberia’s closest ally, detailing how Doe managed to attract American diplomatic and military support due to U.S. interests in the Cold War. Through in-depth research, primary sources, and interviews with diplomats, politicians, and activists, Gershoni carefully details the timeline of Doe’s rise to power and the lasting effects of his dictatorial legacy.
Book Synopsis Liberia under Samuel Doe, 1980–1985 by : Yekutiel Gershoni
Download or read book Liberia under Samuel Doe, 1980–1985 written by Yekutiel Gershoni and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-03-28 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On April 12, 1980, a group of soldiers led by Master Sergeant Samuel K. Doe executed a bloody coup that put an end to the Americo-Liberian minority regime in Liberia, transforming Africa’s first republic into a military dictatorship. In Liberia under Samuel Doe, 1980-1985: The Politics of Personal Rule, Yekutiel Gershoni examines the evolution and effects of Samuel K. Doe’s reign in Liberia. Gershoni shows Doe’s path to absolute power, corruption, and dictatorship and the economic crises and political turmoil that ensued, even after his murder in 1990. Liberia under Samuel Doe also examines the role of the United States as Liberia’s closest ally, detailing how Doe managed to attract American diplomatic and military support due to U.S. interests in the Cold War. Through in-depth research, primary sources, and interviews with diplomats, politicians, and activists, Gershoni carefully details the timeline of Doe’s rise to power and the lasting effects of his dictatorial legacy.
This text aims to unravel the tangled web of the conflict by addressing questions including: why did Nigeria intervene in Liberia and remain committed throughout the seven-year civil war?; and to what extent was ECOMOG's intervention shaped by Nigeria's hegemonic aspirations.
Book Synopsis Liberia's Civil War by : Adekeye Adebajo
Download or read book Liberia's Civil War written by Adekeye Adebajo and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 2002 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text aims to unravel the tangled web of the conflict by addressing questions including: why did Nigeria intervene in Liberia and remain committed throughout the seven-year civil war?; and to what extent was ECOMOG's intervention shaped by Nigeria's hegemonic aspirations.
Based on a detailed study of 35 cases in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and post-communist Eurasia, this book explores the fate of competitive authoritarian regimes between 1990 and 2008. It finds that where social, economic, and technocratic ties to the West were extensive, as in Eastern Europe and the Americas, the external cost of abuse led incumbents to cede power rather than crack down, which led to democratization. Where ties to the West were limited, external democratizing pressure was weaker and countries rarely democratized. In these cases, regime outcomes hinged on the character of state and ruling party organizations. Where incumbents possessed developed and cohesive coercive party structures, they could thwart opposition challenges, and competitive authoritarian regimes survived; where incumbents lacked such organizational tools, regimes were unstable but rarely democratized.
Book Synopsis Competitive Authoritarianism by : Steven Levitsky
Download or read book Competitive Authoritarianism written by Steven Levitsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-16 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a detailed study of 35 cases in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and post-communist Eurasia, this book explores the fate of competitive authoritarian regimes between 1990 and 2008. It finds that where social, economic, and technocratic ties to the West were extensive, as in Eastern Europe and the Americas, the external cost of abuse led incumbents to cede power rather than crack down, which led to democratization. Where ties to the West were limited, external democratizing pressure was weaker and countries rarely democratized. In these cases, regime outcomes hinged on the character of state and ruling party organizations. Where incumbents possessed developed and cohesive coercive party structures, they could thwart opposition challenges, and competitive authoritarian regimes survived; where incumbents lacked such organizational tools, regimes were unstable but rarely democratized.
First Published in 2002. This compelling book brings to light a disillusioned experiment of biracial missionary labours that were expected to carry the beliefs and cultural values of nineteenth century white Americans to the black continent of Africa.
Book Synopsis White Americans in Black Africa by : Eunjin Park
Download or read book White Americans in Black Africa written by Eunjin Park and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2002. This compelling book brings to light a disillusioned experiment of biracial missionary labours that were expected to carry the beliefs and cultural values of nineteenth century white Americans to the black continent of Africa.
Development is stagnated, and poverty is widespread in Liberia because the Legislature is weak, corrupt and greedy, thereby pursuing self-interested agenda at the detriment of the general public. The Judiciary is also corrupt and subservient to the Executive, which dominates and controls state resources. This writer explains why the Legislature and Judiciary are weak, corrupt, inefficient and ineffective. He proposes how these dormant branches of government could become more effective and robust to curb presidential dominance by upholding the principle of checks and balances in Liberia's democracy. He also argues that mass illiteracy leads electorates to electing incompetent legislators. The writer further points out that widespread illiteracy undermines most of the citizens' capacity to critically and rationally analyse National Policies. Hence, they usually fail to hold their legislators or government accountable. The writer maintains that to alleviate poverty and transform Liberia into a developmental state, the Legislature needs to assume its role by becoming robust, efficient and effective. It must promulgate pro-poor laws and policies intended to alleviate widespread poverty. This will engender national development. He concludes that the National Legislature, through prudent budgetary allocation, needs to promote infrastructural development, the right to food, equitable access to quality education, healthcare, safe drinking water, and public housing.
Book Synopsis Liberian Democracy by : Thomas Kaydor, Jr.
Download or read book Liberian Democracy written by Thomas Kaydor, Jr. and published by Author House. This book was released on 2014-09-27 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development is stagnated, and poverty is widespread in Liberia because the Legislature is weak, corrupt and greedy, thereby pursuing self-interested agenda at the detriment of the general public. The Judiciary is also corrupt and subservient to the Executive, which dominates and controls state resources. This writer explains why the Legislature and Judiciary are weak, corrupt, inefficient and ineffective. He proposes how these dormant branches of government could become more effective and robust to curb presidential dominance by upholding the principle of checks and balances in Liberia's democracy. He also argues that mass illiteracy leads electorates to electing incompetent legislators. The writer further points out that widespread illiteracy undermines most of the citizens' capacity to critically and rationally analyse National Policies. Hence, they usually fail to hold their legislators or government accountable. The writer maintains that to alleviate poverty and transform Liberia into a developmental state, the Legislature needs to assume its role by becoming robust, efficient and effective. It must promulgate pro-poor laws and policies intended to alleviate widespread poverty. This will engender national development. He concludes that the National Legislature, through prudent budgetary allocation, needs to promote infrastructural development, the right to food, equitable access to quality education, healthcare, safe drinking water, and public housing.
This book identifies and analyzes the historical, political, cultural, and social stratification that created lacks of development in a country that has been independent for more than 160 years. The book reveals that the descendants of the freed American slaves treated the indigenous Liberians as second-class citizens and less than human beings. They and their forefathers were treated less than human beings while in slavery in America. These actions were identified as primary causes for the underdevelopment of the country. The author of this book traces and uncovers the unique formation of the country and subsequent leadership style and the social stratification as well as the Americo-Liberian oligarchic regime as hindrance for development of Africas first republic. The purpose of the book is to show to the Liberian people some of the major causes that led to the Liberian political and social conflict, which resulted into complete underdevelopment of the country and the level of poverty in the country. The findings of this book will help Liberians and other interested people to learn the lessons that when there are suppressions and oppressions in a society, those oppressed will revolt against their oppressors. The book concludes that Liberias inclusive participation can once again be restored provided the Americo-Liberians are prepared for the inclusion of the various ethnic groups. Finally, the book would like to recommend that only Liberians at home and abroad are the actual cornerstones for peace, national rehabilitation, reconstruction, and recovery. This book predicts that the successes in Liberia will not only create a stable environment for democracy in Liberia but will also have a profound level of development as well as impact on peace in the West African subregion, particularly the Mano River Union countries.
Book Synopsis The Circumstances Leading to the Underdevelopment of Liberia After More Than One Hundred Sixty Years of Independence by : Samuel K. Ngaima Sr.
Download or read book The Circumstances Leading to the Underdevelopment of Liberia After More Than One Hundred Sixty Years of Independence written by Samuel K. Ngaima Sr. and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book identifies and analyzes the historical, political, cultural, and social stratification that created lacks of development in a country that has been independent for more than 160 years. The book reveals that the descendants of the freed American slaves treated the indigenous Liberians as second-class citizens and less than human beings. They and their forefathers were treated less than human beings while in slavery in America. These actions were identified as primary causes for the underdevelopment of the country. The author of this book traces and uncovers the unique formation of the country and subsequent leadership style and the social stratification as well as the Americo-Liberian oligarchic regime as hindrance for development of Africas first republic. The purpose of the book is to show to the Liberian people some of the major causes that led to the Liberian political and social conflict, which resulted into complete underdevelopment of the country and the level of poverty in the country. The findings of this book will help Liberians and other interested people to learn the lessons that when there are suppressions and oppressions in a society, those oppressed will revolt against their oppressors. The book concludes that Liberias inclusive participation can once again be restored provided the Americo-Liberians are prepared for the inclusion of the various ethnic groups. Finally, the book would like to recommend that only Liberians at home and abroad are the actual cornerstones for peace, national rehabilitation, reconstruction, and recovery. This book predicts that the successes in Liberia will not only create a stable environment for democracy in Liberia but will also have a profound level of development as well as impact on peace in the West African subregion, particularly the Mano River Union countries.
This work seeks to examine the nature and dynamics of authoritarianism in Africa and to suggest ways in which the states covered in the book can be democratically reconstituted. In 1990, a wave of euphoria greeted the "third wave of democratization" that swept across the African Continent. The repression-wearied subalterns were hopeful that the "third wave" would have set into motion the process of democratically reconstituting the authoritarian state on the continent. More than two decades thereafter, although some progress has been made, by and large, the authoritarian state remains the dominant construct in the region. Even in some of the countries in which democratic transitions have taken place, the process of democratic consolidation remains an elusive quest as these states are sandwiched between authoritarianism and democracy. Against this background, the purpose of this book is to examine the travails of the authoritarian state in Africa, including the Herculean task to democratically reconstruct it. In order to do this, six of Africa’s perennial authoritarian states—Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Liberia, Rwanda and Uganda—are used as the case studies. The book has two major objectives. First, the various chapters probe the nature and dynamics of authoritarianism in Africa. Second, the chapters suggest ways in which the various authoritarian states covered in the book can be democratically reconstituted.
Book Synopsis Reconstructing the Authoritarian State in Africa by : George Klay Kieh, Jr.
Download or read book Reconstructing the Authoritarian State in Africa written by George Klay Kieh, Jr. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work seeks to examine the nature and dynamics of authoritarianism in Africa and to suggest ways in which the states covered in the book can be democratically reconstituted. In 1990, a wave of euphoria greeted the "third wave of democratization" that swept across the African Continent. The repression-wearied subalterns were hopeful that the "third wave" would have set into motion the process of democratically reconstituting the authoritarian state on the continent. More than two decades thereafter, although some progress has been made, by and large, the authoritarian state remains the dominant construct in the region. Even in some of the countries in which democratic transitions have taken place, the process of democratic consolidation remains an elusive quest as these states are sandwiched between authoritarianism and democracy. Against this background, the purpose of this book is to examine the travails of the authoritarian state in Africa, including the Herculean task to democratically reconstruct it. In order to do this, six of Africa’s perennial authoritarian states—Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Liberia, Rwanda and Uganda—are used as the case studies. The book has two major objectives. First, the various chapters probe the nature and dynamics of authoritarianism in Africa. Second, the chapters suggest ways in which the various authoritarian states covered in the book can be democratically reconstituted.
Büttikofer’s Travel Sketches from Liberia details the development of the Liberian nation and the intricate, often volatile, relationships between the country’s indigenous peoples and its black colonists from America. In remarkable detail, it provides vivid images of the country's past.
Book Synopsis Travel Sketches from Liberia by : Henk Dop
Download or read book Travel Sketches from Liberia written by Henk Dop and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-10-04 with total page 918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Büttikofer’s Travel Sketches from Liberia details the development of the Liberian nation and the intricate, often volatile, relationships between the country’s indigenous peoples and its black colonists from America. In remarkable detail, it provides vivid images of the country's past.
