The History of College Affordability in the United States from Colonial Times to the Cold War

The History of College Affordability in the United States from Colonial Times to the Cold War

Author: Thomas Adam

Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield

Published: 2020-10-13

Total Pages: 215

ISBN-13: 1498588441

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This book examines how tuition and student loans became an accepted part of college costs in the first half of the twentieth century. The author argues that college was largely free to nineteenth-century college students since local and religious communities, donors, and the state agreed to pay the tuition bill with the expectation that the students would serve society upon graduation. College education was essentially considered a public good. This arrangement ended after 1900. The increasing secularization and professionalization of college education as well as changes in the socio-economic composition of the student body—which included more and more students from well-off families—caused educators, college administrators, and donors to argue that students pursued a college degree for their own advancement and therefore should be made to pay for it. Students were expected to pay tuition themselves and to take out student loans in order to fund their education.


Book Synopsis The History of College Affordability in the United States from Colonial Times to the Cold War by : Thomas Adam

Download or read book The History of College Affordability in the United States from Colonial Times to the Cold War written by Thomas Adam and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how tuition and student loans became an accepted part of college costs in the first half of the twentieth century. The author argues that college was largely free to nineteenth-century college students since local and religious communities, donors, and the state agreed to pay the tuition bill with the expectation that the students would serve society upon graduation. College education was essentially considered a public good. This arrangement ended after 1900. The increasing secularization and professionalization of college education as well as changes in the socio-economic composition of the student body—which included more and more students from well-off families—caused educators, college administrators, and donors to argue that students pursued a college degree for their own advancement and therefore should be made to pay for it. Students were expected to pay tuition themselves and to take out student loans in order to fund their education.

Critical Praxis in Student Affairs

Critical Praxis in Student Affairs

Author: Susan B. Marine

Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Published: 2023-07-03

Total Pages: 189

ISBN-13: 1000976270

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Student affairs work—like higher education—is fundamentally about change. Principally, the change work performed by student affairs practitioners is about supporting the growth and development of individual students and student groups. Increasingly, that work has called for practitioners to become more active in working to change higher education so that it lives up to its radically democratic, inclusive ideals. This means adopting new strategies to transform student affairs staff, students, and institutions, and drawing on insights from critical, liberatory theories. This text represents an effort to describe and document these practices of intentionally centering critical theories.The first section of this text examines the ways that critically-minded practitioners lead through equitable, liberatory frameworks, offering important models for reimagining the future of higher education. In the second section, the editors take up thinking and acting to support the development of critical consciousness in students, providing examples of programs, initiatives, and student support offices that center social justice in their work, and foster a critical lens through their interactions with students. In their conclusion, the editors provide a model for critical praxis, offering enduring strategies for practitioners seeking to incorporate critical, socially just praxis into their everyday work, and defining areas for future research and praxis, including identifying strategies for effective assessment of critical praxis, and modalities for “scaling up” the work for maximal impact.


Book Synopsis Critical Praxis in Student Affairs by : Susan B. Marine

Download or read book Critical Praxis in Student Affairs written by Susan B. Marine and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Student affairs work—like higher education—is fundamentally about change. Principally, the change work performed by student affairs practitioners is about supporting the growth and development of individual students and student groups. Increasingly, that work has called for practitioners to become more active in working to change higher education so that it lives up to its radically democratic, inclusive ideals. This means adopting new strategies to transform student affairs staff, students, and institutions, and drawing on insights from critical, liberatory theories. This text represents an effort to describe and document these practices of intentionally centering critical theories.The first section of this text examines the ways that critically-minded practitioners lead through equitable, liberatory frameworks, offering important models for reimagining the future of higher education. In the second section, the editors take up thinking and acting to support the development of critical consciousness in students, providing examples of programs, initiatives, and student support offices that center social justice in their work, and foster a critical lens through their interactions with students. In their conclusion, the editors provide a model for critical praxis, offering enduring strategies for practitioners seeking to incorporate critical, socially just praxis into their everyday work, and defining areas for future research and praxis, including identifying strategies for effective assessment of critical praxis, and modalities for “scaling up” the work for maximal impact.

Affordability in Higher Education

Affordability in Higher Education

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on 21st Century Competitiveness

Publisher:

Published: 2003

Total Pages: 108

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Affordability in Higher Education by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on 21st Century Competitiveness

Download or read book Affordability in Higher Education written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on 21st Century Competitiveness and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Innovations in College Affordability

Innovations in College Affordability

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

Publisher:

Published: 2014

Total Pages: 84

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Innovations in College Affordability by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

Download or read book Innovations in College Affordability written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Making College Affordability a Priority

Making College Affordability a Priority

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

Publisher:

Published: 2015

Total Pages: 76

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Making College Affordability a Priority by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions

Download or read book Making College Affordability a Priority written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Financing the Dream

Financing the Dream

Author: United States. Middle Class Task Force

Publisher:

Published: 2009

Total Pages: 17

ISBN-13:

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"A central goal of the White House Task Force on the Middle Class is to ensure that public policy is helping middle-class families to realize their aspirations. At the heart of those aspirations is the deep-seated desire of parents to ensure that their children have the opportunity to realize their potential. For many families, this means making sure their children can afford a college education. And for many of those same families, this challenge has been growing for years, such that today, paying for college strains many family budgets to the breaking point. This staff report focuses on the challenges of paying for college in America today. The report briefly outlines the problem before turning to potential solutions. We focus only 'briefly' on the challenges facing families because this problem is well understood: the growth of college tuition is far outpacing that of family income. Some of this difference can be made up through borrowing for college, which is an important and nearly universally pursued option that we discuss in detail below. But parents ought to be able to put their children through college without assuming crushing debt burdens or placing those burdens on their children. It is also the case that in recent years, various problems have surfaced in the student loan market; we have attempted to address these problems in the Obama administration's budget, which is currently under debate in the United States Congress. This report focuses mostly on solutions, exploring policy steps that have already been taken and new steps that should be considered in order to make college more affordable to all families who aspire to provide a college education for their children. President Obama has set a goal that by 2020, America should once again lead the world in the proportion of adults with a college degree. This does not imply that every high school graduate should attain at least a bachelor's degree, but the President is committed to making sure that every student has the opportunity to earn a postsecondary credential or degree."--Page 1.


Book Synopsis Financing the Dream by : United States. Middle Class Task Force

Download or read book Financing the Dream written by United States. Middle Class Task Force and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A central goal of the White House Task Force on the Middle Class is to ensure that public policy is helping middle-class families to realize their aspirations. At the heart of those aspirations is the deep-seated desire of parents to ensure that their children have the opportunity to realize their potential. For many families, this means making sure their children can afford a college education. And for many of those same families, this challenge has been growing for years, such that today, paying for college strains many family budgets to the breaking point. This staff report focuses on the challenges of paying for college in America today. The report briefly outlines the problem before turning to potential solutions. We focus only 'briefly' on the challenges facing families because this problem is well understood: the growth of college tuition is far outpacing that of family income. Some of this difference can be made up through borrowing for college, which is an important and nearly universally pursued option that we discuss in detail below. But parents ought to be able to put their children through college without assuming crushing debt burdens or placing those burdens on their children. It is also the case that in recent years, various problems have surfaced in the student loan market; we have attempted to address these problems in the Obama administration's budget, which is currently under debate in the United States Congress. This report focuses mostly on solutions, exploring policy steps that have already been taken and new steps that should be considered in order to make college more affordable to all families who aspire to provide a college education for their children. President Obama has set a goal that by 2020, America should once again lead the world in the proportion of adults with a college degree. This does not imply that every high school graduate should attain at least a bachelor's degree, but the President is committed to making sure that every student has the opportunity to earn a postsecondary credential or degree."--Page 1.

Indentured Students

Indentured Students

Author: Elizabeth Tandy Shermer

Publisher: Harvard University Press

Published: 2021-08-03

Total Pages: 401

ISBN-13: 0674269802

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The untold history of how America’s student-loan program turned the pursuit of higher education into a pathway to poverty. It didn’t always take thirty years to pay off the cost of a bachelor’s degree. Elizabeth Tandy Shermer untangles the history that brought us here and discovers that the story of skyrocketing college debt is not merely one of good intentions gone wrong. In fact, the federal student loan program was never supposed to make college affordable. The earliest federal proposals for college affordability sought to replace tuition with taxpayer funding of institutions. But Southern whites feared that lower costs would undermine segregation, Catholic colleges objected to state support of secular institutions, professors worried that federal dollars would come with regulations hindering academic freedom, and elite-university presidents recoiled at the idea of mass higher education. Cold War congressional fights eventually made access more important than affordability. Rather than freeing colleges from their dependence on tuition, the government created a loan instrument that made college accessible in the short term but even costlier in the long term by charging an interest penalty only to needy students. In the mid-1960s, as bankers wavered over the prospect of uncollected debt, Congress backstopped the loans, provoking runaway inflation in college tuition and resulting in immense lender profits. Today 45 million Americans owe more than $1.5 trillion in college debt, with the burdens falling disproportionately on borrowers of color, particularly women. Reformers, meanwhile, have been frustrated by colleges and lenders too rich and powerful to contain. Indentured Students makes clear that these are not unforeseen consequences. The federal student loan system is working as designed.


Book Synopsis Indentured Students by : Elizabeth Tandy Shermer

Download or read book Indentured Students written by Elizabeth Tandy Shermer and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The untold history of how America’s student-loan program turned the pursuit of higher education into a pathway to poverty. It didn’t always take thirty years to pay off the cost of a bachelor’s degree. Elizabeth Tandy Shermer untangles the history that brought us here and discovers that the story of skyrocketing college debt is not merely one of good intentions gone wrong. In fact, the federal student loan program was never supposed to make college affordable. The earliest federal proposals for college affordability sought to replace tuition with taxpayer funding of institutions. But Southern whites feared that lower costs would undermine segregation, Catholic colleges objected to state support of secular institutions, professors worried that federal dollars would come with regulations hindering academic freedom, and elite-university presidents recoiled at the idea of mass higher education. Cold War congressional fights eventually made access more important than affordability. Rather than freeing colleges from their dependence on tuition, the government created a loan instrument that made college accessible in the short term but even costlier in the long term by charging an interest penalty only to needy students. In the mid-1960s, as bankers wavered over the prospect of uncollected debt, Congress backstopped the loans, provoking runaway inflation in college tuition and resulting in immense lender profits. Today 45 million Americans owe more than $1.5 trillion in college debt, with the burdens falling disproportionately on borrowers of color, particularly women. Reformers, meanwhile, have been frustrated by colleges and lenders too rich and powerful to contain. Indentured Students makes clear that these are not unforeseen consequences. The federal student loan system is working as designed.

The Challenge of College Affordability

The Challenge of College Affordability

Author: Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions United States Senate

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-09-27

Total Pages: 54

ISBN-13: 9781517439200

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New data shows that two-thirds of college seniors who graduated in 2011 had an average student loan debt of $26,600, which was a 5 percent increase from the previous graduating class. This continuous upward trend has persisted despite the tripling of Federal grant aid and constant dollars over the past decade. A report by the State Higher Education Executive Officers warned that public higher education, which educates 70 percent of the students in this country, is about to cross an historic threshold. For the first time ever, students will pay a higher percentage of operating costs of public universities than State governments. In 2012, net tuition revenue made up 47 percent of public colleges' educational costs. By comparison, in 2001, tuition was 29 percent of the costs. We've learned that first student spending from State and local sources fell to less than $5,900 in 2012, a 9 percent decrease just from the year before, and a quarter century low for the third consecutive year. The implications for affordability of this cost shifting is obvious: As States continue retrenching from their historic responsibility as primary supporters of public higher education, students and their families are asked to shoulder an ever-growing burden of cost.


Book Synopsis The Challenge of College Affordability by : Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions United States Senate

Download or read book The Challenge of College Affordability written by Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions United States Senate and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-09-27 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New data shows that two-thirds of college seniors who graduated in 2011 had an average student loan debt of $26,600, which was a 5 percent increase from the previous graduating class. This continuous upward trend has persisted despite the tripling of Federal grant aid and constant dollars over the past decade. A report by the State Higher Education Executive Officers warned that public higher education, which educates 70 percent of the students in this country, is about to cross an historic threshold. For the first time ever, students will pay a higher percentage of operating costs of public universities than State governments. In 2012, net tuition revenue made up 47 percent of public colleges' educational costs. By comparison, in 2001, tuition was 29 percent of the costs. We've learned that first student spending from State and local sources fell to less than $5,900 in 2012, a 9 percent decrease just from the year before, and a quarter century low for the third consecutive year. The implications for affordability of this cost shifting is obvious: As States continue retrenching from their historic responsibility as primary supporters of public higher education, students and their families are asked to shoulder an ever-growing burden of cost.

Rethinking Campus Life

Rethinking Campus Life

Author: Christine A. Ogren

Publisher: Springer

Published: 2018-07-19

Total Pages: 311

ISBN-13: 3319756141

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This edited volume explores the history of student life throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Chapter authors examine the expanding reach of scholarship on the history of college students; the history of underrepresented students, including black, Latino, and LGBTQ students; and student life at state normal schools and their successors, regional colleges and universities, and at community colleges and evangelical institutions. The book also includes research on drag and gender and on student labor activism, and offers new interpretations of fraternity and sorority life. Collectively, these chapters deepen scholarly understanding of students, the diversity of their experiences at an array of institutions, and the campus lives they built.


Book Synopsis Rethinking Campus Life by : Christine A. Ogren

Download or read book Rethinking Campus Life written by Christine A. Ogren and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume explores the history of student life throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Chapter authors examine the expanding reach of scholarship on the history of college students; the history of underrepresented students, including black, Latino, and LGBTQ students; and student life at state normal schools and their successors, regional colleges and universities, and at community colleges and evangelical institutions. The book also includes research on drag and gender and on student labor activism, and offers new interpretations of fraternity and sorority life. Collectively, these chapters deepen scholarly understanding of students, the diversity of their experiences at an array of institutions, and the campus lives they built.

Innovations in College Affordability

Innovations in College Affordability

Author: United States. Congress

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2017-09-26

Total Pages: 82

ISBN-13: 9781977612731

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Innovations in college affordability : hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, second session ... February 2, 2012.


Book Synopsis Innovations in College Affordability by : United States. Congress

Download or read book Innovations in College Affordability written by United States. Congress and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovations in college affordability : hearing of the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, second session ... February 2, 2012.