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The unmatched technological achievements in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, computer science, and related fields over the last few decades can be considered a success story. The technological sophistication has been so groundbreaking in various types of applications that many experts believe that we will see, at some point or another, the emergence of general AI (AGI) and, eventually, superintelligence. This book examines the impact of AI on human rights by focusing on potential risks and human rights legislation and proposes creating a Universal Convention for the Rights of AI Systems (AI Convention).
Book Synopsis The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Legislation by : John-Stewart Gordon
Download or read book The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Human Rights Legislation written by John-Stewart Gordon and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-30 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unmatched technological achievements in artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, computer science, and related fields over the last few decades can be considered a success story. The technological sophistication has been so groundbreaking in various types of applications that many experts believe that we will see, at some point or another, the emergence of general AI (AGI) and, eventually, superintelligence. This book examines the impact of AI on human rights by focusing on potential risks and human rights legislation and proposes creating a Universal Convention for the Rights of AI Systems (AI Convention).
Emerging technologies and global nonhuman rights movements pose a stress test for the corpus of international human rights law (IHRL). On the one hand, technologies are being implemented quicker than policymakers can adopt regulations protecting humans from their potentially harmful effects. On the other hand, nonhuman rights movements are redefining who (or what) is entitled to moral and legal recognition. Are rights as we currently conceive of them up to the challenge of fostering a just society in light of these developments? The deployment of autonomous systems has primarily animated concerns about their impacts on civil and political rights like those pertaining to assembly, free speech, and privacy. Reports about artificial intelligence (AI) being used to identify protestors and chill freedom of expression serve as cases in point. But novel technologies also hold implications for second, third, and fourth generation human rights as well. For instance, news headlines about likely widespread job losses due to automation suggest an infringement upon the right to work and may require substantial investments in education for those affected by market forces. Perhaps more controversially, the advent of autonomous systems has generated discussions about whether or not rights should be extended to technological entities. The increasing presence of robots in classrooms, homes, and medical facilities will generate new social situations and conflicts that may be resolved through the proactive application of rights to a different class of subject. This conversation has occurred against a backdrop of parallel initiatives promoting the rights of other nonhumans, namely animals and nature. How might these developments influence the question of rights for AI? This chapter offers a refreshed look at these two sides of the rights coin with respect to autonomous systems. First, we review the philosophical foundations of rights. Second, we present methodological and critical insights regarding extant literature before using a two-step framework to systematically highlight less obvious ways in which emerging technologies like AI intersect with IHRL. Third, we explore the opportunities and challenges of extending rights to technological beings. We conclude with a call to enlarge the ontological scope of rights on theoretical and practical levels, and offer recommendations designed to assist in the governance of autonomous systems with an eye toward protecting the rights of human and nonhuman entities alike.
Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence and International Human Rights Law by : Joshua Chad Gellers
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and International Human Rights Law written by Joshua Chad Gellers and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging technologies and global nonhuman rights movements pose a stress test for the corpus of international human rights law (IHRL). On the one hand, technologies are being implemented quicker than policymakers can adopt regulations protecting humans from their potentially harmful effects. On the other hand, nonhuman rights movements are redefining who (or what) is entitled to moral and legal recognition. Are rights as we currently conceive of them up to the challenge of fostering a just society in light of these developments? The deployment of autonomous systems has primarily animated concerns about their impacts on civil and political rights like those pertaining to assembly, free speech, and privacy. Reports about artificial intelligence (AI) being used to identify protestors and chill freedom of expression serve as cases in point. But novel technologies also hold implications for second, third, and fourth generation human rights as well. For instance, news headlines about likely widespread job losses due to automation suggest an infringement upon the right to work and may require substantial investments in education for those affected by market forces. Perhaps more controversially, the advent of autonomous systems has generated discussions about whether or not rights should be extended to technological entities. The increasing presence of robots in classrooms, homes, and medical facilities will generate new social situations and conflicts that may be resolved through the proactive application of rights to a different class of subject. This conversation has occurred against a backdrop of parallel initiatives promoting the rights of other nonhumans, namely animals and nature. How might these developments influence the question of rights for AI? This chapter offers a refreshed look at these two sides of the rights coin with respect to autonomous systems. First, we review the philosophical foundations of rights. Second, we present methodological and critical insights regarding extant literature before using a two-step framework to systematically highlight less obvious ways in which emerging technologies like AI intersect with IHRL. Third, we explore the opportunities and challenges of extending rights to technological beings. We conclude with a call to enlarge the ontological scope of rights on theoretical and practical levels, and offer recommendations designed to assist in the governance of autonomous systems with an eye toward protecting the rights of human and nonhuman entities alike.
This short, accessible book seeks to explore the future of work through the views and opinions of a range of expertise, encompassing economic, historical, technological, ethical and anthropological aspects of the debate. The transition to an automated society brings with it new challenges and a consideration for what has happened in the past; the editors of this book carefully steer the reader through future possibilities and policy outcomes, all the while recognising that whilst such a shift to a robotised society will be a gradual process, it is one that requires significant thought and consideration.
Book Synopsis Work in the Future by : Robert Skidelsky
Download or read book Work in the Future written by Robert Skidelsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-22 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This short, accessible book seeks to explore the future of work through the views and opinions of a range of expertise, encompassing economic, historical, technological, ethical and anthropological aspects of the debate. The transition to an automated society brings with it new challenges and a consideration for what has happened in the past; the editors of this book carefully steer the reader through future possibilities and policy outcomes, all the while recognising that whilst such a shift to a robotised society will be a gradual process, it is one that requires significant thought and consideration.
Artificial intelligence (AI) involves opportunities as well as risks; human rights should be strengthened by AI, not undermined. This Recommendation on AI and human rights provides guidance on the way in which the negative impact of AI systems on human rights can be prevented or mitigated, focusing on 10 key areas of action.
Book Synopsis Unboxing Artificial Intelligence: 10 steps to protect human rights by : Council of Europe
Download or read book Unboxing Artificial Intelligence: 10 steps to protect human rights written by Council of Europe and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2019-08-09 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artificial intelligence (AI) involves opportunities as well as risks; human rights should be strengthened by AI, not undermined. This Recommendation on AI and human rights provides guidance on the way in which the negative impact of AI systems on human rights can be prevented or mitigated, focusing on 10 key areas of action.
The scope of Artificial Intelligence's (AI) hold on modern life is only just beginning to be fully understood. Academics, professionals, policymakers, and legislators are analysing the effects of AI in the legal realm, notably in human rights work. Artificial Intelligence technologies and modern human rights have lived parallel lives for the last sixty years, and they continue to evolve with one another as both fields take shape. Human Rights and Artificial Intelligence explores the effects of AI on both the concept of human rights and on specific topics, including civil and political rights, privacy, non-discrimination, fair procedure, and asylum. Second- and third-generation human rights are also addressed. By mapping this relationship, the book clarifies the benefits and risks for human rights as new AI applications are designed and deployed. Its granular perspective makes Human Rights and Artificial Intelligence a seminal text on the legal ramifications of machine learning. This expansive volume will be useful to academics and professionals navigating the complex relationship between AI and human rights.
Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights by :
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence and Human Rights written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-01 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scope of Artificial Intelligence's (AI) hold on modern life is only just beginning to be fully understood. Academics, professionals, policymakers, and legislators are analysing the effects of AI in the legal realm, notably in human rights work. Artificial Intelligence technologies and modern human rights have lived parallel lives for the last sixty years, and they continue to evolve with one another as both fields take shape. Human Rights and Artificial Intelligence explores the effects of AI on both the concept of human rights and on specific topics, including civil and political rights, privacy, non-discrimination, fair procedure, and asylum. Second- and third-generation human rights are also addressed. By mapping this relationship, the book clarifies the benefits and risks for human rights as new AI applications are designed and deployed. Its granular perspective makes Human Rights and Artificial Intelligence a seminal text on the legal ramifications of machine learning. This expansive volume will be useful to academics and professionals navigating the complex relationship between AI and human rights.
The instant New York Times bestseller. From Microsoft's president and one of the tech industry's broadest thinkers, a frank and thoughtful reckoning with how to balance enormous promise and existential risk as the digitization of everything accelerates. “A colorful and insightful insiders’ view of how technology is both empowering and threatening us. From privacy to cyberattacks, this timely book is a useful guide for how to navigate the digital future.” —Walter Isaacson Microsoft President Brad Smith operates by a simple core belief: When your technology changes the world, you bear a responsibility to help address the world you have helped create. This might seem uncontroversial, but it flies in the face of a tech sector long obsessed with rapid growth and sometimes on disruption as an end in itself. While sweeping digital transformation holds great promise, we have reached an inflection point. The world has turned information technology into both a powerful tool and a formidable weapon, and new approaches are needed to manage an era defined by even more powerful inventions like artificial intelligence. Companies that create technology must accept greater responsibility for the future, and governments will need to regulate technology by moving faster and catching up with the pace of innovation. In Tools and Weapons, Brad Smith and Carol Ann Browne bring us a captivating narrative from the cockpit of one of the world's largest and most powerful tech companies as it finds itself in the middle of some of the thorniest emerging issues of our time. These are challenges that come with no preexisting playbook, including privacy, cybercrime and cyberwar, social media, the moral conundrums of artificial intelligence, big tech's relationship to inequality, and the challenges for democracy, far and near. While in no way a self-glorifying "Microsoft memoir," the book pulls back the curtain remarkably wide onto some of the company's most crucial recent decision points as it strives to protect the hopes technology offers against the very real threats it also presents. There are huge ramifications for communities and countries, and Brad Smith provides a thoughtful and urgent contribution to that effort.
Book Synopsis Tools and Weapons by : Brad Smith
Download or read book Tools and Weapons written by Brad Smith and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2019-09-10 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The instant New York Times bestseller. From Microsoft's president and one of the tech industry's broadest thinkers, a frank and thoughtful reckoning with how to balance enormous promise and existential risk as the digitization of everything accelerates. “A colorful and insightful insiders’ view of how technology is both empowering and threatening us. From privacy to cyberattacks, this timely book is a useful guide for how to navigate the digital future.” —Walter Isaacson Microsoft President Brad Smith operates by a simple core belief: When your technology changes the world, you bear a responsibility to help address the world you have helped create. This might seem uncontroversial, but it flies in the face of a tech sector long obsessed with rapid growth and sometimes on disruption as an end in itself. While sweeping digital transformation holds great promise, we have reached an inflection point. The world has turned information technology into both a powerful tool and a formidable weapon, and new approaches are needed to manage an era defined by even more powerful inventions like artificial intelligence. Companies that create technology must accept greater responsibility for the future, and governments will need to regulate technology by moving faster and catching up with the pace of innovation. In Tools and Weapons, Brad Smith and Carol Ann Browne bring us a captivating narrative from the cockpit of one of the world's largest and most powerful tech companies as it finds itself in the middle of some of the thorniest emerging issues of our time. These are challenges that come with no preexisting playbook, including privacy, cybercrime and cyberwar, social media, the moral conundrums of artificial intelligence, big tech's relationship to inequality, and the challenges for democracy, far and near. While in no way a self-glorifying "Microsoft memoir," the book pulls back the curtain remarkably wide onto some of the company's most crucial recent decision points as it strives to protect the hopes technology offers against the very real threats it also presents. There are huge ramifications for communities and countries, and Brad Smith provides a thoughtful and urgent contribution to that effort.
This book provides an in-depth overview of what is currently happening in the field of Law and Artificial Intelligence (AI). From deep fakes and disinformation to killer robots, surgical robots, and AI lawmaking, the many and varied contributors to this volume discuss how AI could and should be regulated in the areas of public law, including constitutional law, human rights law, criminal law, and tax law, as well as areas of private law, including liability law, competition law, and consumer law. Aimed at an audience without a background in technology, this book covers how AI changes these areas of law as well as legal practice itself. This scholarship should prove of value to academics in several disciplines (e.g., law, ethics, sociology, politics, and public administration) and those who may find themselves confronted with AI in the course of their work, particularly people working within the legal domain (e.g., lawyers, judges, law enforcement officers, public prosecutors, lawmakers, and policy advisors). Bart Custers is Professor of Law and Data Science at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Eduard Fosch-Villaronga is Assistant Professor at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands.
Book Synopsis Law and Artificial Intelligence by : Bart Custers
Download or read book Law and Artificial Intelligence written by Bart Custers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-05 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth overview of what is currently happening in the field of Law and Artificial Intelligence (AI). From deep fakes and disinformation to killer robots, surgical robots, and AI lawmaking, the many and varied contributors to this volume discuss how AI could and should be regulated in the areas of public law, including constitutional law, human rights law, criminal law, and tax law, as well as areas of private law, including liability law, competition law, and consumer law. Aimed at an audience without a background in technology, this book covers how AI changes these areas of law as well as legal practice itself. This scholarship should prove of value to academics in several disciplines (e.g., law, ethics, sociology, politics, and public administration) and those who may find themselves confronted with AI in the course of their work, particularly people working within the legal domain (e.g., lawyers, judges, law enforcement officers, public prosecutors, lawmakers, and policy advisors). Bart Custers is Professor of Law and Data Science at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands. Eduard Fosch-Villaronga is Assistant Professor at eLaw - Center for Law and Digital Technologies at Leiden University in the Netherlands.
Argues that treating people and artificial intelligence differently under the law results in unexpected and harmful outcomes for social welfare.
Book Synopsis The Reasonable Robot by : Ryan Abbott
Download or read book The Reasonable Robot written by Ryan Abbott and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that treating people and artificial intelligence differently under the law results in unexpected and harmful outcomes for social welfare.
This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality.
Book Synopsis Regulating Artificial Intelligence by : Thomas Wischmeyer
Download or read book Regulating Artificial Intelligence written by Thomas Wischmeyer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses the normative and practical challenges for artificial intelligence (AI) regulation, offers comprehensive information on the laws that currently shape or restrict the design or use of AI, and develops policy recommendations for those areas in which regulation is most urgently needed. By gathering contributions from scholars who are experts in their respective fields of legal research, it demonstrates that AI regulation is not a specialized sub-discipline, but affects the entire legal system and thus concerns all lawyers. Machine learning-based technology, which lies at the heart of what is commonly referred to as AI, is increasingly being employed to make policy and business decisions with broad social impacts, and therefore runs the risk of causing wide-scale damage. At the same time, AI technology is becoming more and more complex and difficult to understand, making it harder to determine whether or not it is being used in accordance with the law. In light of this situation, even tech enthusiasts are calling for stricter regulation of AI. Legislators, too, are stepping in and have begun to pass AI laws, including the prohibition of automated decision-making systems in Article 22 of the General Data Protection Regulation, the New York City AI transparency bill, and the 2017 amendments to the German Cartel Act and German Administrative Procedure Act. While the belief that something needs to be done is widely shared, there is far less clarity about what exactly can or should be done, or what effective regulation might look like. The book is divided into two major parts, the first of which focuses on features common to most AI systems, and explores how they relate to the legal framework for data-driven technologies, which already exists in the form of (national and supra-national) constitutional law, EU data protection and competition law, and anti-discrimination law. In the second part, the book examines in detail a number of relevant sectors in which AI is increasingly shaping decision-making processes, ranging from the notorious social media and the legal, financial and healthcare industries, to fields like law enforcement and tax law, in which we can observe how regulation by AI is becoming a reality.
It is inevitable, given the enormous media-driven concern generated by the recent application of artificial intelligence (AI) to an ever-expanding spectrum of day-to-day human experience, that the need for a clearly articulated legal response has become imperative. This book both clarifies the controversial issues surrounding the use of AI and explores in great detail how, far from being “unregulated,” the creation, distribution, and operation of AI systems currently is, and will remain, subject to a vast array of existing laws and regulations all over the world. Demonstrating beyond any doubt that the traditional concepts of legal responsibility, including duty of care, negligence, and compensation for damages, will always be applicable to those humans who create and/or use artificially intelligent things or systems, the author shows how AI systems are clearly implicated in numerous existing legal regimes, including the following: relevant provisions under international law and EU law; applicable provisions in the laws of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore; and numerous national provisions in the legal fields of health and safety, intellectual property, competition, privacy and data protection, and military engagement. However, given the lack of international consensus on this vitally important issue, the author suggests that any worldwide agreement on the legal responsibilities relating to the use of AI will need to be carefully defined, and that provisions will need to be reviewed to determine how they will apply to any new range of artificially intelligent creations. The purpose of this book is to review those legal concepts, throughout the world, that currently govern the application of AI and to comment on modifications or extensions of the rule of law that are being proposed as necessary to serve and protect humanity in relation to the expanding applications of AI. It is important that anyone who uses or is affected by AI products understands the relationship between existing laws and regulations in major markets around the world and those areas where initial regulations may be required. For them, for their counsel, and for the various policy and regulatory authorities confronted with AI issues, this book will prove an essential guide.
Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence Law by : Edward Swan
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Law written by Edward Swan and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2024-03-18 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is inevitable, given the enormous media-driven concern generated by the recent application of artificial intelligence (AI) to an ever-expanding spectrum of day-to-day human experience, that the need for a clearly articulated legal response has become imperative. This book both clarifies the controversial issues surrounding the use of AI and explores in great detail how, far from being “unregulated,” the creation, distribution, and operation of AI systems currently is, and will remain, subject to a vast array of existing laws and regulations all over the world. Demonstrating beyond any doubt that the traditional concepts of legal responsibility, including duty of care, negligence, and compensation for damages, will always be applicable to those humans who create and/or use artificially intelligent things or systems, the author shows how AI systems are clearly implicated in numerous existing legal regimes, including the following: relevant provisions under international law and EU law; applicable provisions in the laws of the United States, the United Kingdom, France, China, India, Japan, South Korea, and Singapore; and numerous national provisions in the legal fields of health and safety, intellectual property, competition, privacy and data protection, and military engagement. However, given the lack of international consensus on this vitally important issue, the author suggests that any worldwide agreement on the legal responsibilities relating to the use of AI will need to be carefully defined, and that provisions will need to be reviewed to determine how they will apply to any new range of artificially intelligent creations. The purpose of this book is to review those legal concepts, throughout the world, that currently govern the application of AI and to comment on modifications or extensions of the rule of law that are being proposed as necessary to serve and protect humanity in relation to the expanding applications of AI. It is important that anyone who uses or is affected by AI products understands the relationship between existing laws and regulations in major markets around the world and those areas where initial regulations may be required. For them, for their counsel, and for the various policy and regulatory authorities confronted with AI issues, this book will prove an essential guide.
