The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education

The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education

Author: Gary Jeffrey

Publisher: Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP

Published: 2012-08-01

Total Pages: 24

ISBN-13: 143397486X

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The story of a group of African American students known as the Little Rock Nine is a saga of incredible courage and grace. Following the 1954 Supreme Court ruling that struck down school segregation, black leaders turned their attention to the next challenge: getting African American students into white schools. In Little Rock, Arkansas, a small group of African American students were selected to integrate the high school. This taut, thrilling graphic novel plunges readers into the cauldron of hate, bigotry, and fear the students faced. Powerful illustrations grip readers, and accessible text presents the emotionally charged events in readily understandable language.


Book Synopsis The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education by : Gary Jeffrey

Download or read book The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education written by Gary Jeffrey and published by Gareth Stevens Publishing LLLP. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of a group of African American students known as the Little Rock Nine is a saga of incredible courage and grace. Following the 1954 Supreme Court ruling that struck down school segregation, black leaders turned their attention to the next challenge: getting African American students into white schools. In Little Rock, Arkansas, a small group of African American students were selected to integrate the high school. This taut, thrilling graphic novel plunges readers into the cauldron of hate, bigotry, and fear the students faced. Powerful illustrations grip readers, and accessible text presents the emotionally charged events in readily understandable language.


The Little Rock Nine

The Little Rock Nine

Author: Charles River

Publisher:

Published: 2020-08-04

Total Pages: 88

ISBN-13:

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*Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Though Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence wrote that the United States would be founded on the principles that all men were created equal, nearly 200 years would pass before the principle was put into any real practice. While the end of the Civil War opened the door for the passage of the Civil War Amendments, which abolished slavery, and, in theory, granted the descendants of both free and enslaved blacks the same rights as those enjoyed by whites, those rights were not respected or practiced during the century following the war. Most aspects of life, including schooling, remained segregated on every level, especially throughout the Jim Crow South, and the years following the desegregation triumph of Brown v. Board of the Education in 1954 saw little done to accomplish the instructions given by the Supreme Court. Put simply, even as Americans are instantly familiar with important events such as the decision in Brown v. Board of Education, Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it's also common knowledge that the efforts to integrate society faced stiff resistance, often violently. James Meredith's struggle to integrate the University of Mississippi in 1962 is still remembered vividly, but the Little Rock Nine are frequently overlooked when it comes to discussing the Civil Rights Movement, despite attempting to integrate Little Rock Central High School five years earlier. For millions of kids, high school is a tumultuous time, with social highs and lows, academic pressure, and extracurricular wins and losses, but for the Little Rock Nine, the first African American students to attend a previously segregated high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, those years were nightmarish. Getting into Central High School was an obstacle witnessed by the entire nation, but that was only the beginning of their ordeal, because once they were permitted to step through the doors, their true battle began, pitting them against bullies, tormentors, and narrow-minded ignorance. While many teenagers' main concern is finding a date for prom, theirs was surviving until lunch, and when some students were worrying about making the volleyball team, they were worried about making it home alive each day. The Little Rock Nine and their families and neighbors could not trust the local government to serve them, the school system to treat them fairly, or the police to protect them. As Melba Patillo Beals, one of the Little Rock Times, noted, "All my life I had felt unprotected by city officials...Whites had control of the police, the firemen, and the ambulances. They could decide who got help and who didn't. Even if the Ku Klux Klan ravaged one of our homes, we wouldn't call the police for help." The physical and psychological torture they endured profoundly affected them for the rest of their lives, but their experiences irrevocably changed the country. Integration at Central High School was symbolic of the struggle for racial equality throughout the United States, according to Time magazine's Lina Mai. It was the first public test case of whether school integration would work in the South. Just as Rosa Parks became a symbol for the fight for equality in the public arena, the Little Rock Nine became a collective symbol for the fight for equality in public schools. The Little Rock Nine: The History and Legacy of the Struggle to Integrate Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas after Brown v. Board of Education examines how a landmark case led to the efforts to integrate schools in the South, and what life was like for the Little Rock Nine as they did so. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Little Rock Nine like never before.


Book Synopsis The Little Rock Nine by : Charles River

Download or read book The Little Rock Nine written by Charles River and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Though Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence wrote that the United States would be founded on the principles that all men were created equal, nearly 200 years would pass before the principle was put into any real practice. While the end of the Civil War opened the door for the passage of the Civil War Amendments, which abolished slavery, and, in theory, granted the descendants of both free and enslaved blacks the same rights as those enjoyed by whites, those rights were not respected or practiced during the century following the war. Most aspects of life, including schooling, remained segregated on every level, especially throughout the Jim Crow South, and the years following the desegregation triumph of Brown v. Board of the Education in 1954 saw little done to accomplish the instructions given by the Supreme Court. Put simply, even as Americans are instantly familiar with important events such as the decision in Brown v. Board of Education, Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it's also common knowledge that the efforts to integrate society faced stiff resistance, often violently. James Meredith's struggle to integrate the University of Mississippi in 1962 is still remembered vividly, but the Little Rock Nine are frequently overlooked when it comes to discussing the Civil Rights Movement, despite attempting to integrate Little Rock Central High School five years earlier. For millions of kids, high school is a tumultuous time, with social highs and lows, academic pressure, and extracurricular wins and losses, but for the Little Rock Nine, the first African American students to attend a previously segregated high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, those years were nightmarish. Getting into Central High School was an obstacle witnessed by the entire nation, but that was only the beginning of their ordeal, because once they were permitted to step through the doors, their true battle began, pitting them against bullies, tormentors, and narrow-minded ignorance. While many teenagers' main concern is finding a date for prom, theirs was surviving until lunch, and when some students were worrying about making the volleyball team, they were worried about making it home alive each day. The Little Rock Nine and their families and neighbors could not trust the local government to serve them, the school system to treat them fairly, or the police to protect them. As Melba Patillo Beals, one of the Little Rock Times, noted, "All my life I had felt unprotected by city officials...Whites had control of the police, the firemen, and the ambulances. They could decide who got help and who didn't. Even if the Ku Klux Klan ravaged one of our homes, we wouldn't call the police for help." The physical and psychological torture they endured profoundly affected them for the rest of their lives, but their experiences irrevocably changed the country. Integration at Central High School was symbolic of the struggle for racial equality throughout the United States, according to Time magazine's Lina Mai. It was the first public test case of whether school integration would work in the South. Just as Rosa Parks became a symbol for the fight for equality in the public arena, the Little Rock Nine became a collective symbol for the fight for equality in public schools. The Little Rock Nine: The History and Legacy of the Struggle to Integrate Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas after Brown v. Board of Education examines how a landmark case led to the efforts to integrate schools in the South, and what life was like for the Little Rock Nine as they did so. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Little Rock Nine like never before.


The Little Rock Nine

The Little Rock Nine

Author: Rachel Tisdale

Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc

Published: 1900-01-01

Total Pages: 34

ISBN-13: 1477760571

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Even though segregation had been ruled as unlawful, integration of Southern schools proved to be a dangerous matter. Provided here is an astute account of the violence, threats, and terror the first integrated African American students faced as they forged the way for the acceptance and equal treatment of all races. The incredible true story of these brave student-heroes is sure to inspire a whole new generation of young people.


Book Synopsis The Little Rock Nine by : Rachel Tisdale

Download or read book The Little Rock Nine written by Rachel Tisdale and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 1900-01-01 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though segregation had been ruled as unlawful, integration of Southern schools proved to be a dangerous matter. Provided here is an astute account of the violence, threats, and terror the first integrated African American students faced as they forged the way for the acceptance and equal treatment of all races. The incredible true story of these brave student-heroes is sure to inspire a whole new generation of young people.


Today the World Is Watching You

Today the World Is Watching You

Author: Kekla Magoon

Publisher: Twenty-First Century Books

Published: 2011-01-01

Total Pages: 164

ISBN-13: 076135767X

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Examines how a group of African-American students known as the Little Rock Nine helped begin the integration of schools in the South and became a symbol of the Civil Rights Movement.


Book Synopsis Today the World Is Watching You by : Kekla Magoon

Download or read book Today the World Is Watching You written by Kekla Magoon and published by Twenty-First Century Books. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines how a group of African-American students known as the Little Rock Nine helped begin the integration of schools in the South and became a symbol of the Civil Rights Movement.


The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education

The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education

Author: Gary Jeffrey

Publisher: The Rosen Publishing Group

Published: 2012

Total Pages: 26

ISBN-13: 1433974835

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Retells in comics format the story of the brave African American students who faced violent opposition when they integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September, 1957.


Book Synopsis The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education by : Gary Jeffrey

Download or read book The Little Rock Nine and the Fight for Equal Education written by Gary Jeffrey and published by The Rosen Publishing Group. This book was released on 2012 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retells in comics format the story of the brave African American students who faced violent opposition when they integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September, 1957.


The Little Rock Nine

The Little Rock Nine

Author: Charles River

Publisher:

Published: 2020-08-03

Total Pages: 48

ISBN-13:

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*Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Though Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence wrote that the United States would be founded on the principles that all men were created equal, nearly 200 years would pass before the principle was put into any real practice. While the end of the Civil War opened the door for the passage of the Civil War Amendments, which abolished slavery, and, in theory, granted the descendants of both free and enslaved blacks the same rights as those enjoyed by whites, those rights were not respected or practiced during the century following the war. Most aspects of life, including schooling, remained segregated on every level, especially throughout the Jim Crow South, and the years following the desegregation triumph of Brown v. Board of the Education in 1954 saw little done to accomplish the instructions given by the Supreme Court. Put simply, even as Americans are instantly familiar with important events such as the decision in Brown v. Board of Education, Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it's also common knowledge that the efforts to integrate society faced stiff resistance, often violently. James Meredith's struggle to integrate the University of Mississippi in 1962 is still remembered vividly, but the Little Rock Nine are frequently overlooked when it comes to discussing the Civil Rights Movement, despite attempting to integrate Little Rock Central High School five years earlier. For millions of kids, high school is a tumultuous time, with social highs and lows, academic pressure, and extracurricular wins and losses, but for the Little Rock Nine, the first African American students to attend a previously segregated high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, those years were nightmarish. Getting into Central High School was an obstacle witnessed by the entire nation, but that was only the beginning of their ordeal, because once they were permitted to step through the doors, their true battle began, pitting them against bullies, tormentors, and narrow-minded ignorance. While many teenagers' main concern is finding a date for prom, theirs was surviving until lunch, and when some students were worrying about making the volleyball team, they were worried about making it home alive each day. The Little Rock Nine and their families and neighbors could not trust the local government to serve them, the school system to treat them fairly, or the police to protect them. As Melba Patillo Beals, one of the Little Rock Times, noted, "All my life I had felt unprotected by city officials...Whites had control of the police, the firemen, and the ambulances. They could decide who got help and who didn't. Even if the Ku Klux Klan ravaged one of our homes, we wouldn't call the police for help." The physical and psychological torture they endured profoundly affected them for the rest of their lives, but their experiences irrevocably changed the country. Integration at Central High School was symbolic of the struggle for racial equality throughout the United States, according to Time magazine's Lina Mai. It was the first public test case of whether school integration would work in the South. Just as Rosa Parks became a symbol for the fight for equality in the public arena, the Little Rock Nine became a collective symbol for the fight for equality in public schools. The Little Rock Nine: The History and Legacy of the Struggle to Integrate Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas after Brown v. Board of Education examines how a landmark case led to the efforts to integrate schools in the South, and what life was like for the Little Rock Nine as they did so. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Little Rock Nine like never before.


Book Synopsis The Little Rock Nine by : Charles River

Download or read book The Little Rock Nine written by Charles River and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-03 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Though Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence wrote that the United States would be founded on the principles that all men were created equal, nearly 200 years would pass before the principle was put into any real practice. While the end of the Civil War opened the door for the passage of the Civil War Amendments, which abolished slavery, and, in theory, granted the descendants of both free and enslaved blacks the same rights as those enjoyed by whites, those rights were not respected or practiced during the century following the war. Most aspects of life, including schooling, remained segregated on every level, especially throughout the Jim Crow South, and the years following the desegregation triumph of Brown v. Board of the Education in 1954 saw little done to accomplish the instructions given by the Supreme Court. Put simply, even as Americans are instantly familiar with important events such as the decision in Brown v. Board of Education, Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, it's also common knowledge that the efforts to integrate society faced stiff resistance, often violently. James Meredith's struggle to integrate the University of Mississippi in 1962 is still remembered vividly, but the Little Rock Nine are frequently overlooked when it comes to discussing the Civil Rights Movement, despite attempting to integrate Little Rock Central High School five years earlier. For millions of kids, high school is a tumultuous time, with social highs and lows, academic pressure, and extracurricular wins and losses, but for the Little Rock Nine, the first African American students to attend a previously segregated high school in Little Rock, Arkansas, those years were nightmarish. Getting into Central High School was an obstacle witnessed by the entire nation, but that was only the beginning of their ordeal, because once they were permitted to step through the doors, their true battle began, pitting them against bullies, tormentors, and narrow-minded ignorance. While many teenagers' main concern is finding a date for prom, theirs was surviving until lunch, and when some students were worrying about making the volleyball team, they were worried about making it home alive each day. The Little Rock Nine and their families and neighbors could not trust the local government to serve them, the school system to treat them fairly, or the police to protect them. As Melba Patillo Beals, one of the Little Rock Times, noted, "All my life I had felt unprotected by city officials...Whites had control of the police, the firemen, and the ambulances. They could decide who got help and who didn't. Even if the Ku Klux Klan ravaged one of our homes, we wouldn't call the police for help." The physical and psychological torture they endured profoundly affected them for the rest of their lives, but their experiences irrevocably changed the country. Integration at Central High School was symbolic of the struggle for racial equality throughout the United States, according to Time magazine's Lina Mai. It was the first public test case of whether school integration would work in the South. Just as Rosa Parks became a symbol for the fight for equality in the public arena, the Little Rock Nine became a collective symbol for the fight for equality in public schools. The Little Rock Nine: The History and Legacy of the Struggle to Integrate Little Rock Central High School in Arkansas after Brown v. Board of Education examines how a landmark case led to the efforts to integrate schools in the South, and what life was like for the Little Rock Nine as they did so. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Little Rock Nine like never before.


This Promise of Change

This Promise of Change

Author: Jo Ann Allen Boyce

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2019-01-08

Total Pages: 321

ISBN-13: 1681198533

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In 1956, one year before federal troops escorted the Little Rock 9 into Central High School, fourteen year old Jo Ann Allen was one of twelve African-American students who broke the color barrier and integrated Clinton High School in Tennessee. At first things went smoothly for the Clinton 12, but then outside agitators interfered, pitting the townspeople against one another. Uneasiness turned into anger, and even the Clinton Twelve themselves wondered if the easier thing to do would be to go back to their old school. Jo Ann--clear-eyed, practical, tolerant, and popular among both black and white students---found herself called on as the spokesperson of the group. But what about just being a regular teen? This is the heartbreaking and relatable story of her four months thrust into the national spotlight and as a trailblazer in history. Based on original research and interviews and featuring backmatter with archival materials and notes from the authors on the co-writing process.


Book Synopsis This Promise of Change by : Jo Ann Allen Boyce

Download or read book This Promise of Change written by Jo Ann Allen Boyce and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2019-01-08 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1956, one year before federal troops escorted the Little Rock 9 into Central High School, fourteen year old Jo Ann Allen was one of twelve African-American students who broke the color barrier and integrated Clinton High School in Tennessee. At first things went smoothly for the Clinton 12, but then outside agitators interfered, pitting the townspeople against one another. Uneasiness turned into anger, and even the Clinton Twelve themselves wondered if the easier thing to do would be to go back to their old school. Jo Ann--clear-eyed, practical, tolerant, and popular among both black and white students---found herself called on as the spokesperson of the group. But what about just being a regular teen? This is the heartbreaking and relatable story of her four months thrust into the national spotlight and as a trailblazer in history. Based on original research and interviews and featuring backmatter with archival materials and notes from the authors on the co-writing process.


Little Rock Nine

Little Rock Nine

Author: John Perritano

Publisher: Saddleback Educational Publishing

Published: 2018-01-01

Total Pages: 60

ISBN-13: 163078382X

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Nine high school students in Little Rock, Arkansas were at the heart of the battle to integrate schools in the late 1950s. Many places in the south were slow to change, but things got especially heated in Little Rock, Arkansas. Engage your most struggling readers in grades 4-7¾with Red Rhino Nonfiction! This new series features high-interest topics in every content area. Visually appealing full-color photographs and illustrations, fun facts, and short chapters keep emerging readers focused. Written at a 1.5-1.9 readability level, these books include pre-reading comprehension questions and a 20-word glossary for comprehension support.


Book Synopsis Little Rock Nine by : John Perritano

Download or read book Little Rock Nine written by John Perritano and published by Saddleback Educational Publishing. This book was released on 2018-01-01 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nine high school students in Little Rock, Arkansas were at the heart of the battle to integrate schools in the late 1950s. Many places in the south were slow to change, but things got especially heated in Little Rock, Arkansas. Engage your most struggling readers in grades 4-7¾with Red Rhino Nonfiction! This new series features high-interest topics in every content area. Visually appealing full-color photographs and illustrations, fun facts, and short chapters keep emerging readers focused. Written at a 1.5-1.9 readability level, these books include pre-reading comprehension questions and a 20-word glossary for comprehension support.


A Mighty Long Way

A Mighty Long Way

Author: Carlotta Walls LaNier

Publisher: One World

Published: 2010-07-27

Total Pages: 338

ISBN-13: 0345511018

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“A searing and emotionally gripping account of a young black girl growing up to become a strong black woman during the most difficult time of racial segregation.”—Professor Charles Ogletree, Harvard Law School “Provides important context for an important moment in America’s history.”—Associated Press When fourteen-year-old Carlotta Walls walked up the stairs of Little Rock Central High School on September 25, 1957, she and eight other black students only wanted to make it to class. But the journey of the “Little Rock Nine,” as they came to be known, would lead the nation on an even longer and much more turbulent path, one that would challenge prevailing attitudes, break down barriers, and forever change the landscape of America. For Carlotta and the eight other children, simply getting through the door of this admired academic institution involved angry mobs, racist elected officials, and intervention by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was forced to send in the 101st Airborne to escort the Nine into the building. But entry was simply the first of many trials. Breaking her silence at last and sharing her story for the first time, Carlotta Walls has written an engrossing memoir that is a testament not only to the power of a single person to make a difference but also to the sacrifices made by families and communities that found themselves a part of history.


Book Synopsis A Mighty Long Way by : Carlotta Walls LaNier

Download or read book A Mighty Long Way written by Carlotta Walls LaNier and published by One World. This book was released on 2010-07-27 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A searing and emotionally gripping account of a young black girl growing up to become a strong black woman during the most difficult time of racial segregation.”—Professor Charles Ogletree, Harvard Law School “Provides important context for an important moment in America’s history.”—Associated Press When fourteen-year-old Carlotta Walls walked up the stairs of Little Rock Central High School on September 25, 1957, she and eight other black students only wanted to make it to class. But the journey of the “Little Rock Nine,” as they came to be known, would lead the nation on an even longer and much more turbulent path, one that would challenge prevailing attitudes, break down barriers, and forever change the landscape of America. For Carlotta and the eight other children, simply getting through the door of this admired academic institution involved angry mobs, racist elected officials, and intervention by President Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was forced to send in the 101st Airborne to escort the Nine into the building. But entry was simply the first of many trials. Breaking her silence at last and sharing her story for the first time, Carlotta Walls has written an engrossing memoir that is a testament not only to the power of a single person to make a difference but also to the sacrifices made by families and communities that found themselves a part of history.


Elizabeth and Hazel

Elizabeth and Hazel

Author: David Margolick

Publisher: Yale University Press

Published: 2011-10-04

Total Pages: 330

ISBN-13: 0300178352

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The names Elizabeth Eckford and Hazel Bryan Massery may not be well known, but the image of them from September 1957 surely is: a black high school girl, dressed in white, walking stoically in front of Little Rock Central High School, and a white girl standing directly behind her, face twisted in hate, screaming racial epithets. This famous photograph captures the full anguish of desegregation--in Little Rock and throughout the South--and an epic moment in the civil rights movement.In this gripping book, David Margolick tells the remarkable story of two separate lives unexpectedly braided together. He explores how the haunting picture of Elizabeth and Hazel came to be taken, its significance in the wider world, and why, for the next half-century, neither woman has ever escaped from its long shadow. He recounts Elizabeth's struggle to overcome the trauma of her hate-filled school experience, and Hazel's long efforts to atone for a fateful, horrible mistake. The book follows the painful journey of the two as they progress from apology to forgiveness to reconciliation and, amazingly, to friendship. This friendship foundered, then collapsed--perhaps inevitably--over the same fissures and misunderstandings that continue to permeate American race relations more than half a century after the unforgettable photograph at Little Rock. And yet, as Margolick explains, a bond between Elizabeth and Hazel, silent but complex, endures.


Book Synopsis Elizabeth and Hazel by : David Margolick

Download or read book Elizabeth and Hazel written by David Margolick and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The names Elizabeth Eckford and Hazel Bryan Massery may not be well known, but the image of them from September 1957 surely is: a black high school girl, dressed in white, walking stoically in front of Little Rock Central High School, and a white girl standing directly behind her, face twisted in hate, screaming racial epithets. This famous photograph captures the full anguish of desegregation--in Little Rock and throughout the South--and an epic moment in the civil rights movement.In this gripping book, David Margolick tells the remarkable story of two separate lives unexpectedly braided together. He explores how the haunting picture of Elizabeth and Hazel came to be taken, its significance in the wider world, and why, for the next half-century, neither woman has ever escaped from its long shadow. He recounts Elizabeth's struggle to overcome the trauma of her hate-filled school experience, and Hazel's long efforts to atone for a fateful, horrible mistake. The book follows the painful journey of the two as they progress from apology to forgiveness to reconciliation and, amazingly, to friendship. This friendship foundered, then collapsed--perhaps inevitably--over the same fissures and misunderstandings that continue to permeate American race relations more than half a century after the unforgettable photograph at Little Rock. And yet, as Margolick explains, a bond between Elizabeth and Hazel, silent but complex, endures.