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In late 1971 we were involved in a study of the interaction of radiation with matter and were trying to use measurements of radiation fluorescence in biological molecules to indicate how radiation affected living cells. It soon became apparent that we were working in the dark; the doses we used to get a significant signal were too large to be of interest for radiation biology and although the DNA molecule appeared to be the most likely target molecule we did not know which sort of events and which sort oflesions were the most important. We decided to alter our approach to see if we could find any consistent mathematical order in the radiobiological dose relationships. We found that cell survival curves could be very usefully described by a linear-quadratic dose relationship and very soon came to the somewhat premature but, as it turned out, most effective conclusion that the induction of DNA double strand breaks should be linear-quadratic. In deciding that the DNA double strand break was the crucial and all-important lesion we were able to associate the mathematical analysis with the biology of the cell and were able to relate known properties of the DNA molecule to known radiobiological effects. On the other hand, we were restricted and brought, from an abstract two-hit lesion which could have any property one wished, down to earth, to a defined moleccular structure of nanometer dimensions and well-known functions and properties.
Book Synopsis The Molecular Theory of Radiation Biology by : K. H. Chadwick
Download or read book The Molecular Theory of Radiation Biology written by K. H. Chadwick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In late 1971 we were involved in a study of the interaction of radiation with matter and were trying to use measurements of radiation fluorescence in biological molecules to indicate how radiation affected living cells. It soon became apparent that we were working in the dark; the doses we used to get a significant signal were too large to be of interest for radiation biology and although the DNA molecule appeared to be the most likely target molecule we did not know which sort of events and which sort oflesions were the most important. We decided to alter our approach to see if we could find any consistent mathematical order in the radiobiological dose relationships. We found that cell survival curves could be very usefully described by a linear-quadratic dose relationship and very soon came to the somewhat premature but, as it turned out, most effective conclusion that the induction of DNA double strand breaks should be linear-quadratic. In deciding that the DNA double strand break was the crucial and all-important lesion we were able to associate the mathematical analysis with the biology of the cell and were able to relate known properties of the DNA molecule to known radiobiological effects. On the other hand, we were restricted and brought, from an abstract two-hit lesion which could have any property one wished, down to earth, to a defined moleccular structure of nanometer dimensions and well-known functions and properties.
There can hardly be any doubt that radiation will continue to be an im portant factor in our lives. Present and future advances in atomic tech nology urgently require further work on research and development in the field of radiation biology if the maximum benefit is to be obtained at minimal risk from the various kinds of radiation that form a major by product of nuclear processes. Consequently, it is also necessary to prepare students and younger scientists for doing such work. The present book originates from teaching experience gained in lectures, seminars, and discussion groups started by the undersigned in 1957 and more recently held together with Drs. Dertinger and Jung. The friendly comments given to the German edition made us feel that it might be worth while to put the results of our efforts at the disposal of those to whom English is more familiar. In agreement with the view, based on well-known facts, that most if not aIl of the more striking practical achievements have resulted from patient and careful investigations into some basic problem, the book aims at introducing the reader to the methods of thought and experiment used in molecular radiation biology as weIl as to the results obtained thereby.
Book Synopsis Molecular Radiation Biology by : Hermann Dertinger
Download or read book Molecular Radiation Biology written by Hermann Dertinger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There can hardly be any doubt that radiation will continue to be an im portant factor in our lives. Present and future advances in atomic tech nology urgently require further work on research and development in the field of radiation biology if the maximum benefit is to be obtained at minimal risk from the various kinds of radiation that form a major by product of nuclear processes. Consequently, it is also necessary to prepare students and younger scientists for doing such work. The present book originates from teaching experience gained in lectures, seminars, and discussion groups started by the undersigned in 1957 and more recently held together with Drs. Dertinger and Jung. The friendly comments given to the German edition made us feel that it might be worth while to put the results of our efforts at the disposal of those to whom English is more familiar. In agreement with the view, based on well-known facts, that most if not aIl of the more striking practical achievements have resulted from patient and careful investigations into some basic problem, the book aims at introducing the reader to the methods of thought and experiment used in molecular radiation biology as weIl as to the results obtained thereby.
The fundamental understanding of the production of biological effects by ionizing radiation may well be one of the most important scientific objectives of mankind; such understanding could lead to the effective and safe utilization of the nuclear energy option. In addition, this knowledge will be of immense value in such diverse fields as radiation therapy and diagnosis and in the space program. To achieve the above stated objective, the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessors embarked upon a fundamental interdisciplinary research program some 35 years ago. A critical component of this program is the Radiological and Chemical Physics Program (RCPP). When the RCPP was established, there was very little basic knowledge in the fields of physics, chemistry, and biology that could be directly applied to understanding the effects of radiation on biological systems. Progress of the RCPP program in its first 15 years was documented in the proceedings of a conference held at Airlie, Virginia, in 1972. At this conference, it was clear that considerable progr:ess had been made in research on the physical and chemical processes in well-characterized systems that could be used to understand biological effects. During this period of time, most physical knowledge was obtained for the gas phase because the technology and instru mentation had not progressed to the point that measurements could be made in liquids more characteristic of biological materials.
Book Synopsis Physical and Chemical Mechanisms in Molecular Radiation Biology by : William A. Glass
Download or read book Physical and Chemical Mechanisms in Molecular Radiation Biology written by William A. Glass and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental understanding of the production of biological effects by ionizing radiation may well be one of the most important scientific objectives of mankind; such understanding could lead to the effective and safe utilization of the nuclear energy option. In addition, this knowledge will be of immense value in such diverse fields as radiation therapy and diagnosis and in the space program. To achieve the above stated objective, the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessors embarked upon a fundamental interdisciplinary research program some 35 years ago. A critical component of this program is the Radiological and Chemical Physics Program (RCPP). When the RCPP was established, there was very little basic knowledge in the fields of physics, chemistry, and biology that could be directly applied to understanding the effects of radiation on biological systems. Progress of the RCPP program in its first 15 years was documented in the proceedings of a conference held at Airlie, Virginia, in 1972. At this conference, it was clear that considerable progr:ess had been made in research on the physical and chemical processes in well-characterized systems that could be used to understand biological effects. During this period of time, most physical knowledge was obtained for the gas phase because the technology and instru mentation had not progressed to the point that measurements could be made in liquids more characteristic of biological materials.
Book Synopsis Molecular Radiation Biology by : Hermann Dertinger
Download or read book Molecular Radiation Biology written by Hermann Dertinger and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This book provides a qualitative and quantitative exploration of the action of radiation on living matter which leads to a complete and coherent interpretation of radiation biology. It takes readers from radiation-induced molecular damage in the nucleus of the cell and links this damage to cellular effects such as cell killing, chromosome aberrations and mutations before exploring organ damage, organism lethality and cancer induction. It also deals with radiological protection concepts and the difficulties of predicting the dose–effect relationship for low-dose and dose rate radiation risk. The book ends with separate chapters dealing with the effects of UV light exposure and risk classification of chemical mutagens, both of which are derived by logical extensions of the radiation model. This book will provide the basic foundations of radiation biology for undergraduate and graduate students in medical physics, biomedical engineering, radiological protection, medicine, radiology and radiography. Features Presents a comprehensive insight into radiation action on living matter Contains important implications for radiological protection and regulations Provides analytical methods for applications in radiotherapy
Book Synopsis Understanding Radiation Biology by : Kenneth Chadwick
Download or read book Understanding Radiation Biology written by Kenneth Chadwick and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a qualitative and quantitative exploration of the action of radiation on living matter which leads to a complete and coherent interpretation of radiation biology. It takes readers from radiation-induced molecular damage in the nucleus of the cell and links this damage to cellular effects such as cell killing, chromosome aberrations and mutations before exploring organ damage, organism lethality and cancer induction. It also deals with radiological protection concepts and the difficulties of predicting the dose–effect relationship for low-dose and dose rate radiation risk. The book ends with separate chapters dealing with the effects of UV light exposure and risk classification of chemical mutagens, both of which are derived by logical extensions of the radiation model. This book will provide the basic foundations of radiation biology for undergraduate and graduate students in medical physics, biomedical engineering, radiological protection, medicine, radiology and radiography. Features Presents a comprehensive insight into radiation action on living matter Contains important implications for radiological protection and regulations Provides analytical methods for applications in radiotherapy
This book provides a thorough yet concise introduction to quantitative radiobiology and radiation physics, particularly the practical and medical application. Beginning with a discussion of the basic science of radiobiology, the book explains the fast processes that initiate damage in irradiated tissue and the kinetic patterns in which such damage is expressed at the cellular level. The final section is presented in a highly practical handbook style and offers application-based discussions in radiation oncology, fractionated radiotherapy, and protracted radiation among others. The text is also supplemented by a Web site.
Book Synopsis Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging by : Charles A. Kelsey
Download or read book Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging written by Charles A. Kelsey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-10 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough yet concise introduction to quantitative radiobiology and radiation physics, particularly the practical and medical application. Beginning with a discussion of the basic science of radiobiology, the book explains the fast processes that initiate damage in irradiated tissue and the kinetic patterns in which such damage is expressed at the cellular level. The final section is presented in a highly practical handbook style and offers application-based discussions in radiation oncology, fractionated radiotherapy, and protracted radiation among others. The text is also supplemented by a Web site.
Book Synopsis Molecular Radiation Biology by : Hermann Dertinger
Download or read book Molecular Radiation Biology written by Hermann Dertinger and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Embracing the transformation of radiation sciences by the recent surge of developments in molecular biology, this progressive text offers an up-to-date analysis of in vitro and in vivo molecular responses in the body induced by ionizing radiation. With a unique emphasis on medical physics applications, Biomolecular Action of Ionizi
Book Synopsis Biomolecular Action of Ionizing Radiation by : Shirley Lehnert
Download or read book Biomolecular Action of Ionizing Radiation written by Shirley Lehnert and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-10-24 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embracing the transformation of radiation sciences by the recent surge of developments in molecular biology, this progressive text offers an up-to-date analysis of in vitro and in vivo molecular responses in the body induced by ionizing radiation. With a unique emphasis on medical physics applications, Biomolecular Action of Ionizi
Book Synopsis Radiation Biology by : Alison P. Casarett
Download or read book Radiation Biology written by Alison P. Casarett and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1968 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The book is concerned with features analysis of radiation damage to living matter at different levels of its organisation, beginning from the molecular level. The general theory of the mechanisms of biological action of radiation based on four logically connected principles of radiation biology is presented for the first time. The book contains abundant material on primary and secondary processes of the response of living systems to radiation, the mechanisms of direct and indirect action of radiation through radiolysis of water and lipids; a detailed consideration of the theory of targets (DNA and biological membranes) and the problems of high- and low-dose irradiation in the context of present-day. The systemic response of the cell to irradiation (oxidative stress, endogenous background radioresistance, damage and repair of biological membranes and DNA, systemic protection against radiation) is approximated. Presentation of these important problems is preceded by an up-to-date evaluation of some aspects regarding dosimetry of ionising radiation.
Book Synopsis Radiation Biophysics (ionizing Radiations) by : I︠U︡riĭ Borisovich Kudri︠a︡shov
Download or read book Radiation Biophysics (ionizing Radiations) written by I︠U︡riĭ Borisovich Kudri︠a︡shov and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is concerned with features analysis of radiation damage to living matter at different levels of its organisation, beginning from the molecular level. The general theory of the mechanisms of biological action of radiation based on four logically connected principles of radiation biology is presented for the first time. The book contains abundant material on primary and secondary processes of the response of living systems to radiation, the mechanisms of direct and indirect action of radiation through radiolysis of water and lipids; a detailed consideration of the theory of targets (DNA and biological membranes) and the problems of high- and low-dose irradiation in the context of present-day. The systemic response of the cell to irradiation (oxidative stress, endogenous background radioresistance, damage and repair of biological membranes and DNA, systemic protection against radiation) is approximated. Presentation of these important problems is preceded by an up-to-date evaluation of some aspects regarding dosimetry of ionising radiation.
