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In The Political Economy of Climate Finance Effectiveness in Developing Countries, Mark Purdon contributes to broader debates on the international climate cooperation by evaluating how three different climate finance instruments have been undertaken in three countries--Tanzania, Uganda, and Moldova--and evaluates their effectiveness in actually reducing emissions. He shows that the effectiveness of climate finance tools depends on the interaction between a nation's development policy paradigms and its interests in other sectors of their economies. Purdon's findings further inform the design of international and transnational efforts to engage developing countries on climate change mitigation by emphasizing the importance of domestic politics and the state.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Climate Finance Effectiveness in Developing Countries by : Mark Purdon
Download or read book The Political Economy of Climate Finance Effectiveness in Developing Countries written by Mark Purdon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Political Economy of Climate Finance Effectiveness in Developing Countries, Mark Purdon contributes to broader debates on the international climate cooperation by evaluating how three different climate finance instruments have been undertaken in three countries--Tanzania, Uganda, and Moldova--and evaluates their effectiveness in actually reducing emissions. He shows that the effectiveness of climate finance tools depends on the interaction between a nation's development policy paradigms and its interests in other sectors of their economies. Purdon's findings further inform the design of international and transnational efforts to engage developing countries on climate change mitigation by emphasizing the importance of domestic politics and the state.
This project breaks disciplinary silos by bringing those who work in climate finance and policy together with development scholars and practitioners to share lessons, understanding, and research with an overall goal of making a contribution to the climate change field so that those at the community level benefit from the multitude of programmes designed for climate impacts. For some 70 years, International Development specialists have been developing programs and delivering funds to those who most need assistance. There is a wealth of knowledge to be uncovered by examining the international development industry for those who are now tasked with delivering climate finance. The academic, policy, and practitioner communities have spent decades researching, examining, and analyzing both development policies and finance independent of each. This volume will seek to bring that research together.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Climate Finance: Lessons from International Development by : Corrine Cash
Download or read book The Political Economy of Climate Finance: Lessons from International Development written by Corrine Cash and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-05 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project breaks disciplinary silos by bringing those who work in climate finance and policy together with development scholars and practitioners to share lessons, understanding, and research with an overall goal of making a contribution to the climate change field so that those at the community level benefit from the multitude of programmes designed for climate impacts. For some 70 years, International Development specialists have been developing programs and delivering funds to those who most need assistance. There is a wealth of knowledge to be uncovered by examining the international development industry for those who are now tasked with delivering climate finance. The academic, policy, and practitioner communities have spent decades researching, examining, and analyzing both development policies and finance independent of each. This volume will seek to bring that research together.
This book analyses the effectiveness of climate finance as political instrument to reduce the effect of anthropogenic activities on climate change and promote the green growth in developing countries. The book highlights that close attention should also be paid to the analysis of political contexts in a broad sense. Particularly focusing on the international negotiations process that enables the direction of funds toward specific needs and priorities and the issue of access to electricity. For example, the difficulties that developing countries face when trying to improve their green economic development without access to carbon remains a matter of the utmost importance and urgency for many developing countries that lack significant aid from developed countries. This book will be of interest to a wide body of academics and practitioners in climate change and energy policies. Moreover, this project is a valid instrument for students in energy policies and climate programs.
Book Synopsis Climate Finance as an Instrument to Promote the Green Growth in Developing Countries by : Antonio A. Romano
Download or read book Climate Finance as an Instrument to Promote the Green Growth in Developing Countries written by Antonio A. Romano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-07 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the effectiveness of climate finance as political instrument to reduce the effect of anthropogenic activities on climate change and promote the green growth in developing countries. The book highlights that close attention should also be paid to the analysis of political contexts in a broad sense. Particularly focusing on the international negotiations process that enables the direction of funds toward specific needs and priorities and the issue of access to electricity. For example, the difficulties that developing countries face when trying to improve their green economic development without access to carbon remains a matter of the utmost importance and urgency for many developing countries that lack significant aid from developed countries. This book will be of interest to a wide body of academics and practitioners in climate change and energy policies. Moreover, this project is a valid instrument for students in energy policies and climate programs.
The focus of this dissertation is on how developing countries mobilize financial resources to support actions on climate change. The existing literature has largely focused on how the preferences of donors shape financial flows and has not paid enough attention to how developing countries exercise their agency in determining how and under what conditions they receive international climate finance. This dissertation analyzes how host country governments negotiate and identifies the factors that constrain the exercise of that agency. This dissertation finds that the credibility of government commitment best explains how developing countries mobilize climate finance. Negotiating capital (charismatic leadership and salience), the policy context, and actor preferences help to explain finance mobilization. Closely tied to the question of the quantity of finance is the design of the delivery vehicle that is used to channel it. Therefore, the institutional design features of the funds have received a lot of attention in this dissertation. These features include: selecting the fund manager (the trustee of the fund), the fund's governing arrangement (the board), scope (what the fund focuses on), and the financing instruments at the fund's disposal. The institutional design features vary across contexts and pose different levels of sovereignty costs to the host country. This dissertation finds that host governments seek to minimize sovereignty costs they incur even if this means increasing the transaction costs associated with the fund. This finding is in contrast with the scholarship on the design of international institutions that expects design features to reflect the maximization of efficiency gains, such as reductions in transaction costs. The cases here suggest that the actors maximize control and reduce sovereignty costs even if that means incurring higher amounts of transaction costs. Four national climate funds form the empirical core of this study. Bangladesh's experience illustrates how a country that tried hard to bargain with donors was hamstrung by the governance risks posed by its administrative and budgetary processes. Even though the government pre-empted negotiations and designed its own fund, donors were too reluctant to use it as the delivery vehicle. Despite having strong negotiating capital, it had to concede sovereignty costs by accepting the World Bank as the trustee of the fund. The lack of existing data also hampered credibility as it created confusion on how the fund was really adding value. Brazil was in a strong negotiating position vis-à-vis Norway. As it already had policies under implementation, with data that could be monitored, it enjoyed low sovereignty costs in the design of the Amazon Fund. As the original policy to control deforestation had the buy-in of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, which was also the lead in the negotiations with Norway, it did not suffer from implementation problems. As new governments followed, the gains achieved and institutionalized during the Lula and Dilma presidencies have been reversed. Former Prime Minister Meles Zenawi's vision for low carbon growth in Ethiopia gained the interest of a few donors such as the UK and Norway. Initially, the emphasis on climate change, however, was not widely shared amongst Ethiopia's donors. Therefore, the CRGE Facility did not attract substantial amounts of finance at the outset. The fund design reflected the concerns of both sides. UNDP was asked to manage one window of the fund while the Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation housed the government-managed window. The government had to allow donors to earmark their contributions if they routed their finance through the government-managed window. In effect, this meant setting up parallel governance and reporting frameworks for each earmarked contribution, thereby increasing transaction costs. While the CRGE strategy and vision are officially under implementation, the inability of the government to provide data and indicators has meant that donors remain unconvinced about how much implementation is actually taking place. In Indonesia, former President Yudhoyono's leadership and Indonesia's salience in terms of deforestation-related emissions provided the government with much negotiating leverage. Indonesia did not have the data or the policies in place at the time of negotiations with Norway. Therefore, it was subject to input-based financing instruments, with specified milestones and targets, until it was ready for results-based financing. The lack of policy implementation, at the time of fund design, also meant that policy rivalry between the lead negotiators (President's Office) and the main target of the fund (the Ministry of Forests) impeded implementation. It took Indonesia nearly a decade before it claimed payments for avoided deforestation from Norway.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of National Climate Funds by : Rishikesh Bhandary
Download or read book The Political Economy of National Climate Funds written by Rishikesh Bhandary and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this dissertation is on how developing countries mobilize financial resources to support actions on climate change. The existing literature has largely focused on how the preferences of donors shape financial flows and has not paid enough attention to how developing countries exercise their agency in determining how and under what conditions they receive international climate finance. This dissertation analyzes how host country governments negotiate and identifies the factors that constrain the exercise of that agency. This dissertation finds that the credibility of government commitment best explains how developing countries mobilize climate finance. Negotiating capital (charismatic leadership and salience), the policy context, and actor preferences help to explain finance mobilization. Closely tied to the question of the quantity of finance is the design of the delivery vehicle that is used to channel it. Therefore, the institutional design features of the funds have received a lot of attention in this dissertation. These features include: selecting the fund manager (the trustee of the fund), the fund's governing arrangement (the board), scope (what the fund focuses on), and the financing instruments at the fund's disposal. The institutional design features vary across contexts and pose different levels of sovereignty costs to the host country. This dissertation finds that host governments seek to minimize sovereignty costs they incur even if this means increasing the transaction costs associated with the fund. This finding is in contrast with the scholarship on the design of international institutions that expects design features to reflect the maximization of efficiency gains, such as reductions in transaction costs. The cases here suggest that the actors maximize control and reduce sovereignty costs even if that means incurring higher amounts of transaction costs. Four national climate funds form the empirical core of this study. Bangladesh's experience illustrates how a country that tried hard to bargain with donors was hamstrung by the governance risks posed by its administrative and budgetary processes. Even though the government pre-empted negotiations and designed its own fund, donors were too reluctant to use it as the delivery vehicle. Despite having strong negotiating capital, it had to concede sovereignty costs by accepting the World Bank as the trustee of the fund. The lack of existing data also hampered credibility as it created confusion on how the fund was really adding value. Brazil was in a strong negotiating position vis-à-vis Norway. As it already had policies under implementation, with data that could be monitored, it enjoyed low sovereignty costs in the design of the Amazon Fund. As the original policy to control deforestation had the buy-in of the Ministry of Environment and Forests, which was also the lead in the negotiations with Norway, it did not suffer from implementation problems. As new governments followed, the gains achieved and institutionalized during the Lula and Dilma presidencies have been reversed. Former Prime Minister Meles Zenawi's vision for low carbon growth in Ethiopia gained the interest of a few donors such as the UK and Norway. Initially, the emphasis on climate change, however, was not widely shared amongst Ethiopia's donors. Therefore, the CRGE Facility did not attract substantial amounts of finance at the outset. The fund design reflected the concerns of both sides. UNDP was asked to manage one window of the fund while the Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation housed the government-managed window. The government had to allow donors to earmark their contributions if they routed their finance through the government-managed window. In effect, this meant setting up parallel governance and reporting frameworks for each earmarked contribution, thereby increasing transaction costs. While the CRGE strategy and vision are officially under implementation, the inability of the government to provide data and indicators has meant that donors remain unconvinced about how much implementation is actually taking place. In Indonesia, former President Yudhoyono's leadership and Indonesia's salience in terms of deforestation-related emissions provided the government with much negotiating leverage. Indonesia did not have the data or the policies in place at the time of negotiations with Norway. Therefore, it was subject to input-based financing instruments, with specified milestones and targets, until it was ready for results-based financing. The lack of policy implementation, at the time of fund design, also meant that policy rivalry between the lead negotiators (President's Office) and the main target of the fund (the Ministry of Forests) impeded implementation. It took Indonesia nearly a decade before it claimed payments for avoided deforestation from Norway.
Since the Rio ‘Earth’ Summit of 1992, sustainable development has become the major policy response to tackling global environmental degradation, from climate change to loss of biodiversity and deforestation. Market instruments such as emissions trading, payments for ecosystem services and timber certification have become the main mechanisms for financing the sustainable management of the earth’s natural resources. Yet how effective are they – and do they help the planet and developing countries, or merely uphold the economic status quo? This book investigates these important questions. Providing a comprehensive analysis and the latest research on sustainable development, the authors compare the divergent approaches to emissions trading. Included is a detailed investigation into illegal logging and the effectiveness of policy responses, with an evaluation of different forest certification schemes. Biodiversity offsets and environmental payments are also explored. Integral to the book are interviews and opinions of the key stakeholders in the political economy of sustainable development. This uniquely comprehensive analysis of the governance quality of different sustainable development mechanisms, unprecedented in its panorama of comparative case studies, is essential reading for all those in the policy, academic and non-governmental communities.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Sustainable Development by : Timothy Cadman
Download or read book The Political Economy of Sustainable Development written by Timothy Cadman and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-27 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Rio ‘Earth’ Summit of 1992, sustainable development has become the major policy response to tackling global environmental degradation, from climate change to loss of biodiversity and deforestation. Market instruments such as emissions trading, payments for ecosystem services and timber certification have become the main mechanisms for financing the sustainable management of the earth’s natural resources. Yet how effective are they – and do they help the planet and developing countries, or merely uphold the economic status quo? This book investigates these important questions. Providing a comprehensive analysis and the latest research on sustainable development, the authors compare the divergent approaches to emissions trading. Included is a detailed investigation into illegal logging and the effectiveness of policy responses, with an evaluation of different forest certification schemes. Biodiversity offsets and environmental payments are also explored. Integral to the book are interviews and opinions of the key stakeholders in the political economy of sustainable development. This uniquely comprehensive analysis of the governance quality of different sustainable development mechanisms, unprecedented in its panorama of comparative case studies, is essential reading for all those in the policy, academic and non-governmental communities.
How is the struggle against climate change financed? Climate Finance: Theory and Practice gives an overview of the key debates that have emerged in the field of climate finance, including those concerned with efficiency, equity, justice, and contribution to the public good between developed and developing countries. With the collaboration of internationally renowned experts in the field of climate finance, the authors of this book highlight the importance of climate finance, showing the theoretical aspects that influence it, and some practices that are currently being implemented or have been proposed to finance mitigation and adaptation policies in the developed and developing world.
Book Synopsis Climate Finance: Theory And Practice by : Markandya Anil
Download or read book Climate Finance: Theory And Practice written by Markandya Anil and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How is the struggle against climate change financed? Climate Finance: Theory and Practice gives an overview of the key debates that have emerged in the field of climate finance, including those concerned with efficiency, equity, justice, and contribution to the public good between developed and developing countries. With the collaboration of internationally renowned experts in the field of climate finance, the authors of this book highlight the importance of climate finance, showing the theoretical aspects that influence it, and some practices that are currently being implemented or have been proposed to finance mitigation and adaptation policies in the developed and developing world.
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Countries around the globe are developing emissions markets as a response to it. This book examines the cultures of these markets, arguing policy makers must include more flexibility in climate policy to allow emissions markets to be translated and transferred across regions.
Book Synopsis The Cultures of Markets by : Janelle Kallie Knox
Download or read book The Cultures of Markets written by Janelle Kallie Knox and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century. Countries around the globe are developing emissions markets as a response to it. This book examines the cultures of these markets, arguing policy makers must include more flexibility in climate policy to allow emissions markets to be translated and transferred across regions.
Climate change negotiations have failed the world. Despite more than thirty years of high-level, global talks on climate change, we are still seeing carbon emissions rise dramatically. This edited volume, comprising leading and emerging scholars and climate activists from around the world, takes a critical look at what has gone wrong and what is to be done to create more decisive action. Composed of twenty-eight essays—a combination of new and republished texts—the anthology is organised around seven main themes: paradigms; what counts?; extraction; dispatches from a climate change frontline country; governance; finance; and action(s). Through this multifaceted approach, the contributors ask pressing questions about how we conceptualise and respond to the climate crisis, providing both ‘big picture’ perspectives and more focussed case studies. This unique and extensive collection will be of great value to environmental and social scientists alike, as well as to the general reader interested in understanding current views on the climate crisis.
Book Synopsis Negotiating Climate Change in Crisis by : Steffen Böhm
Download or read book Negotiating Climate Change in Crisis written by Steffen Böhm and published by Open Book Publishers. This book was released on 2021-09-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change negotiations have failed the world. Despite more than thirty years of high-level, global talks on climate change, we are still seeing carbon emissions rise dramatically. This edited volume, comprising leading and emerging scholars and climate activists from around the world, takes a critical look at what has gone wrong and what is to be done to create more decisive action. Composed of twenty-eight essays—a combination of new and republished texts—the anthology is organised around seven main themes: paradigms; what counts?; extraction; dispatches from a climate change frontline country; governance; finance; and action(s). Through this multifaceted approach, the contributors ask pressing questions about how we conceptualise and respond to the climate crisis, providing both ‘big picture’ perspectives and more focussed case studies. This unique and extensive collection will be of great value to environmental and social scientists alike, as well as to the general reader interested in understanding current views on the climate crisis.
My dissertation focuses on the political economy of the environment, particularly for climate change. Specifically, I analyze the consequence of climate politics on climate change regulations at national and global levels. The first chapter, "Climate Finance under Conflicts and Renegotiations: A Dynamic Contract Approach," proposes a model of financing two types of climate change projects---adaptation and mitigation---in developing countries. The model in the first chapter considers climate funds (e.g. the Green Climate Fund) as the financial mechanism to provide funding to developing countries. The model demonstrates the consequences of conflicts and renegotiations between rich and poor countries on long-term climate funding dynamics. The second chapter, "Social Media Campaigns, Lobbying and Legislation: Evidence from #climatechange/#globalwarming and Energy Lobbies," estimates the competition between social media campaigns and fossil fuel lobbying on climate change legislation in the U.S., showing that social media contributes to political polarization on climate-unfriendly bills on which the fossil fuel industry exerted the lobbying pressure during the 113-115th U.S. Congresses (2013-2018).
Book Synopsis Essays on the Political Economy of Climate Change by : Byeong-Hak Choe
Download or read book Essays on the Political Economy of Climate Change written by Byeong-Hak Choe and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation focuses on the political economy of the environment, particularly for climate change. Specifically, I analyze the consequence of climate politics on climate change regulations at national and global levels. The first chapter, "Climate Finance under Conflicts and Renegotiations: A Dynamic Contract Approach," proposes a model of financing two types of climate change projects---adaptation and mitigation---in developing countries. The model in the first chapter considers climate funds (e.g. the Green Climate Fund) as the financial mechanism to provide funding to developing countries. The model demonstrates the consequences of conflicts and renegotiations between rich and poor countries on long-term climate funding dynamics. The second chapter, "Social Media Campaigns, Lobbying and Legislation: Evidence from #climatechange/#globalwarming and Energy Lobbies," estimates the competition between social media campaigns and fossil fuel lobbying on climate change legislation in the U.S., showing that social media contributes to political polarization on climate-unfriendly bills on which the fossil fuel industry exerted the lobbying pressure during the 113-115th U.S. Congresses (2013-2018).
The world's agenda of international cooperation has changed. The conventional concerns of foreign affairs, international trade, and development assistance, are increasingly sharing the political center stage with a new set of issues. These include trans-border concerns such as global financial stability and market efficiency, risk of global climate change, bio-diversity conservation, control of resurgent and new communicable diseases, food safety, cyber crime and e-commerce, control of drug trafficking, and international terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Globalization and increasing porosity of national borders have been key driving forces that have led to growing interdependence and interlocking of the public domains--and therefore, public policy concerns--of countries, governments, private businesses, civil society, and people at large. Thus, new and different issues are now occupying top places on national policy agendas, and consequently, on the agendas of international negotiating forums. The policy approaches to global challenges are also changing. A proliferation and diversification of international cooperation efforts include focus on financing arrangements. Financing of international cooperation in most instances is a haphazard and non-transparent process and often seems to run parallel to international negotiations. There are many unfunded mandates and many-non-mandatory funds. To agree on and to achieve international economic goals, we need to understand how financing of international cooperation efforts actually works. Our understanding is hampered by two gaps: 1) lack of an integrated and cohesive theoretical framework; 2) lack of consolidated empirical and operational knowledge in the form of a comprehensive inventory of past, current and possible future (i.e. currently deliberated) financing mechanisms. This book reduces these two gaps and provides a guide to improve our ability to finance international cooperation.
Book Synopsis The New Public Finance by : Inge Kaul
Download or read book The New Public Finance written by Inge Kaul and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-02-23 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's agenda of international cooperation has changed. The conventional concerns of foreign affairs, international trade, and development assistance, are increasingly sharing the political center stage with a new set of issues. These include trans-border concerns such as global financial stability and market efficiency, risk of global climate change, bio-diversity conservation, control of resurgent and new communicable diseases, food safety, cyber crime and e-commerce, control of drug trafficking, and international terrorism and weapons of mass destruction. Globalization and increasing porosity of national borders have been key driving forces that have led to growing interdependence and interlocking of the public domains--and therefore, public policy concerns--of countries, governments, private businesses, civil society, and people at large. Thus, new and different issues are now occupying top places on national policy agendas, and consequently, on the agendas of international negotiating forums. The policy approaches to global challenges are also changing. A proliferation and diversification of international cooperation efforts include focus on financing arrangements. Financing of international cooperation in most instances is a haphazard and non-transparent process and often seems to run parallel to international negotiations. There are many unfunded mandates and many-non-mandatory funds. To agree on and to achieve international economic goals, we need to understand how financing of international cooperation efforts actually works. Our understanding is hampered by two gaps: 1) lack of an integrated and cohesive theoretical framework; 2) lack of consolidated empirical and operational knowledge in the form of a comprehensive inventory of past, current and possible future (i.e. currently deliberated) financing mechanisms. This book reduces these two gaps and provides a guide to improve our ability to finance international cooperation.
