Belief, Inference, and the Self-Conscious Mind

Belief, Inference, and the Self-Conscious Mind

Author: Eric Marcus

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2021

Total Pages: 172

ISBN-13: 0192845632

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It is impossible to hold patently contradictory beliefs in mind together at once. Why? Because we know that it is impossible for both to be true. This impossibility is a species of rational necessity, a phenomenon that uniquely characterizes the relation between one person's beliefs. Here, Eric Marcus argues that the unity of the rational mind--what makes it one mind--is what explains why, given what we already believe, we can't believe certain things and must believe certain others in this special sense. What explains this is that beliefs, and the inferences by which we acquire them, are constituted by a particular kind of endorsement of those very states and acts. This, in turn, entails that belief and inference are essentially self-conscious: to hold a belief or to make an inference is at the same time to know that one does. An examination of the nature of belief and inference, in light of the phenomenon of rational necessity, reveals how the unity of the rational mind is a function of our knowledge of ourselves as bound to believe the true. Rational self-consciousness is the form of mental togetherness.


Book Synopsis Belief, Inference, and the Self-Conscious Mind by : Eric Marcus

Download or read book Belief, Inference, and the Self-Conscious Mind written by Eric Marcus and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is impossible to hold patently contradictory beliefs in mind together at once. Why? Because we know that it is impossible for both to be true. This impossibility is a species of rational necessity, a phenomenon that uniquely characterizes the relation between one person's beliefs. Here, Eric Marcus argues that the unity of the rational mind--what makes it one mind--is what explains why, given what we already believe, we can't believe certain things and must believe certain others in this special sense. What explains this is that beliefs, and the inferences by which we acquire them, are constituted by a particular kind of endorsement of those very states and acts. This, in turn, entails that belief and inference are essentially self-conscious: to hold a belief or to make an inference is at the same time to know that one does. An examination of the nature of belief and inference, in light of the phenomenon of rational necessity, reveals how the unity of the rational mind is a function of our knowledge of ourselves as bound to believe the true. Rational self-consciousness is the form of mental togetherness.

The Self Illusion

The Self Illusion

Author: Bruce Hood

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2012-06-15

Total Pages: 368

ISBN-13: 0199969892

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Most of us believe that we are unique and coherent individuals, but are we? The idea of a "self" has existed ever since humans began to live in groups and become sociable. Those who embrace the self as an individual in the West, or a member of the group in the East, feel fulfilled and purposeful. This experience seems incredibly real but a wealth of recent scientific evidence reveals that this notion of the independent, coherent self is an illusion - it is not what it seems. Reality as we perceive it is not something that objectively exists, but something that our brains construct from moment to moment, interpreting, summarizing, and substituting information along the way. Like a science fiction movie, we are living in a matrix that is our mind. In The Self Illusion, Dr. Bruce Hood reveals how the self emerges during childhood and how the architecture of the developing brain enables us to become social animals dependent on each other. He explains that self is the product of our relationships and interactions with others, and it exists only in our brains. The author argues, however, that though the self is an illusion, it is one that humans cannot live without. But things are changing as our technology develops and shapes society. The social bonds and relationships that used to take time and effort to form are now undergoing a revolution as we start to put our self online. Social networking activities such as blogging, Facebook, Linkedin and Twitter threaten to change the way we behave. Social networking is fast becoming socialization on steroids. The speed and ease at which we can form alliances and relationships is outstripping the same selection processes that shaped our self prior to the internet era. This book ventures into unchartered territory to explain how the idea of the self will never be the same again in the online social world.


Book Synopsis The Self Illusion by : Bruce Hood

Download or read book The Self Illusion written by Bruce Hood and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of us believe that we are unique and coherent individuals, but are we? The idea of a "self" has existed ever since humans began to live in groups and become sociable. Those who embrace the self as an individual in the West, or a member of the group in the East, feel fulfilled and purposeful. This experience seems incredibly real but a wealth of recent scientific evidence reveals that this notion of the independent, coherent self is an illusion - it is not what it seems. Reality as we perceive it is not something that objectively exists, but something that our brains construct from moment to moment, interpreting, summarizing, and substituting information along the way. Like a science fiction movie, we are living in a matrix that is our mind. In The Self Illusion, Dr. Bruce Hood reveals how the self emerges during childhood and how the architecture of the developing brain enables us to become social animals dependent on each other. He explains that self is the product of our relationships and interactions with others, and it exists only in our brains. The author argues, however, that though the self is an illusion, it is one that humans cannot live without. But things are changing as our technology develops and shapes society. The social bonds and relationships that used to take time and effort to form are now undergoing a revolution as we start to put our self online. Social networking activities such as blogging, Facebook, Linkedin and Twitter threaten to change the way we behave. Social networking is fast becoming socialization on steroids. The speed and ease at which we can form alliances and relationships is outstripping the same selection processes that shaped our self prior to the internet era. This book ventures into unchartered territory to explain how the idea of the self will never be the same again in the online social world.

Belief about the Self

Belief about the Self

Author: Neil Feit

Publisher: Oxford University Press

Published: 2008-07-24

Total Pages: 212

ISBN-13: 0199712263

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Philosophers typically suppose that the contents of our beliefs and other cognitive attitudes are propositions-things that might be true or false, and their truth values do not vary from time to time, place to place, or person to person. Neil Feit argues that this view breaks down in the face of beliefs about the self. These are beliefs that we express by means of a first-person pronoun. Feit maintains-following David Lewis, Roderick Chisholm, and others-that in general, the contents of our beliefs are properties. Unlike propositions, properties lack absolute truth values that do not vary with time, place, or person. Belief about the Self offers a sustained defense of the Property Theory of Content, according to which the content of every cognitive attitude is a property rather than a proposition. The theory is supported with an array of new arguments, defended from various objections, and applied to some important problems and puzzles in the philosophy of mind.


Book Synopsis Belief about the Self by : Neil Feit

Download or read book Belief about the Self written by Neil Feit and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-24 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers typically suppose that the contents of our beliefs and other cognitive attitudes are propositions-things that might be true or false, and their truth values do not vary from time to time, place to place, or person to person. Neil Feit argues that this view breaks down in the face of beliefs about the self. These are beliefs that we express by means of a first-person pronoun. Feit maintains-following David Lewis, Roderick Chisholm, and others-that in general, the contents of our beliefs are properties. Unlike propositions, properties lack absolute truth values that do not vary with time, place, or person. Belief about the Self offers a sustained defense of the Property Theory of Content, according to which the content of every cognitive attitude is a property rather than a proposition. The theory is supported with an array of new arguments, defended from various objections, and applied to some important problems and puzzles in the philosophy of mind.

Indestructible Self-Belief

Indestructible Self-Belief

Author: Fiona Harrold

Publisher: Piatkus

Published: 2011-08-04

Total Pages: 65

ISBN-13: 0748132120

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The greatest asset you can have in life is self-belief. People who handle life well, achieve great things and prosper have stronger self-belief than the average person. In INDESTRUCTIBLE SELF-BELIEF, Fiona Harrold, author of the bestselling BE YOUR OWN LIFE COACH, will help you to develop magnificent levels of self-belief. In seven easy steps, this compact bible will equip you to make the most of yourself, so that you stretch and grow into your full potential. Life is easier when you believe in yourself and this inspiring book will make you feel more optimistic and enthusiastic about everything.


Book Synopsis Indestructible Self-Belief by : Fiona Harrold

Download or read book Indestructible Self-Belief written by Fiona Harrold and published by Piatkus. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest asset you can have in life is self-belief. People who handle life well, achieve great things and prosper have stronger self-belief than the average person. In INDESTRUCTIBLE SELF-BELIEF, Fiona Harrold, author of the bestselling BE YOUR OWN LIFE COACH, will help you to develop magnificent levels of self-belief. In seven easy steps, this compact bible will equip you to make the most of yourself, so that you stretch and grow into your full potential. Life is easier when you believe in yourself and this inspiring book will make you feel more optimistic and enthusiastic about everything.

Improving Academic Achievement

Improving Academic Achievement

Author: Joshua Aronson

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2002-04-15

Total Pages: 428

ISBN-13: 9780120644551

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In this book, authors discuss research and theory on the social psychological forces that shape academic achievement. A key focus is to show how psychological principles can be used to foster achievement and make schooling a more enjoyable process. Topics are highly relevant to both social and educational psychology, with discussions of core concepts such as intelligence, motivation, self-esteem and self-concept, expectations and attributions, prejudice, and interpersonal and intergroup relations.


Book Synopsis Improving Academic Achievement by : Joshua Aronson

Download or read book Improving Academic Achievement written by Joshua Aronson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-04-15 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, authors discuss research and theory on the social psychological forces that shape academic achievement. A key focus is to show how psychological principles can be used to foster achievement and make schooling a more enjoyable process. Topics are highly relevant to both social and educational psychology, with discussions of core concepts such as intelligence, motivation, self-esteem and self-concept, expectations and attributions, prejudice, and interpersonal and intergroup relations.

How Confidence Works

How Confidence Works

Author: Ian Robertson

Publisher: Random House

Published: 2021-06-03

Total Pages: 320

ISBN-13: 1473579759

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'Brilliant ... it will change how you think about confidence.' Johann Hari 'Important for everyone but crucial for women.' Mary Robinson 'Interesting and important.' Steven Pinker __________ Why do boys instinctively bullshit more than girls? How do economic recessions shape a generation's confidence? Can we have too much confidence and, if so, what are the consequences? Imagine we could discover something that could make us richer, healthier, longer-living, smarter, kinder, happier, more motivated and more innovative. Ridiculous, you might say... What is this elixir? Confidence. If you have it, it can empower you to reach heights you never thought possible. But if you don't, it can have a devastating effect on your future. Confidence lies at the core of what makes things happen. Exploring the science and neuroscience behind confidence that has emerged over the last decade, clinical psychologist and neuroscientist Professor Ian Robertson tells us how confidence plays out in our minds, our brains and indeed our bodies. He explains where it comes from and how it spreads - with extraordinary economic and political consequences. And why it's not necessarily something you are born with, but something that can be learned.


Book Synopsis How Confidence Works by : Ian Robertson

Download or read book How Confidence Works written by Ian Robertson and published by Random House. This book was released on 2021-06-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Brilliant ... it will change how you think about confidence.' Johann Hari 'Important for everyone but crucial for women.' Mary Robinson 'Interesting and important.' Steven Pinker __________ Why do boys instinctively bullshit more than girls? How do economic recessions shape a generation's confidence? Can we have too much confidence and, if so, what are the consequences? Imagine we could discover something that could make us richer, healthier, longer-living, smarter, kinder, happier, more motivated and more innovative. Ridiculous, you might say... What is this elixir? Confidence. If you have it, it can empower you to reach heights you never thought possible. But if you don't, it can have a devastating effect on your future. Confidence lies at the core of what makes things happen. Exploring the science and neuroscience behind confidence that has emerged over the last decade, clinical psychologist and neuroscientist Professor Ian Robertson tells us how confidence plays out in our minds, our brains and indeed our bodies. He explains where it comes from and how it spreads - with extraordinary economic and political consequences. And why it's not necessarily something you are born with, but something that can be learned.

Motivation for Learning and Performance

Motivation for Learning and Performance

Author: Bobby Hoffman

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2015-06-20

Total Pages: 428

ISBN-13: 0128011254

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Designed for educators, researchers, practitioners, or anyone interested in maximizing human potential, Motivation for Learning and Performance outlines 50 key motivation principles based on the latest scientific evidence from the disciplines of psychology, education, business, athletics, and neurology. Using a highly applied and conversational style, the book is designed to inform the reader about how to diagnosis, analyze, and mediate learning and performance challenges influenced by motivation. The book features chapters on the biopsychology of motivation, how motivation changes across the lifespan, and the important influence of culture on motivated behavior. Three chapters are devoted to practical strategies and the implementation of motivational change. Special sections are included on enhancing motivation at work, in the classroom, in competitive environments, and during online education. Hoffman employs the innovative approach of using his interviews with "real" people including many notable personalities across diverse cultures and disciplines to illustrate motivated behavior. For example, readers will learn what motivated the colossal investment fraud masterminded by Bernie Madoff, the intimate thoughts of former NFL superstar Nick Lowery when he missed a field goal, and the joys and tribulations of Emmy-nominated "Curb your Enthusiasm" actress Cheryl Hines. The book provides a practical, applied, and multi-disciplinary resource for anyone interested in motivation and performance, but especially for university students at the graduate or undergraduate level studying education, psychology, business, leadership, hospitality, sports management, or military science. Additionally, the writing style and eclectic nature of the text will appeal to readers of non-fiction who can use the book to gain self-awareness to enhance performance of themselves or others. Considers motivation for both learning and performance Identifies 50 foundational principles relating to motivation Provides research evidence supporting the foundational principles Includes interviews from famous individuals, identifying what motivated them and why Includes research from psychology, education, neuroscience, business, and sports


Book Synopsis Motivation for Learning and Performance by : Bobby Hoffman

Download or read book Motivation for Learning and Performance written by Bobby Hoffman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-20 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed for educators, researchers, practitioners, or anyone interested in maximizing human potential, Motivation for Learning and Performance outlines 50 key motivation principles based on the latest scientific evidence from the disciplines of psychology, education, business, athletics, and neurology. Using a highly applied and conversational style, the book is designed to inform the reader about how to diagnosis, analyze, and mediate learning and performance challenges influenced by motivation. The book features chapters on the biopsychology of motivation, how motivation changes across the lifespan, and the important influence of culture on motivated behavior. Three chapters are devoted to practical strategies and the implementation of motivational change. Special sections are included on enhancing motivation at work, in the classroom, in competitive environments, and during online education. Hoffman employs the innovative approach of using his interviews with "real" people including many notable personalities across diverse cultures and disciplines to illustrate motivated behavior. For example, readers will learn what motivated the colossal investment fraud masterminded by Bernie Madoff, the intimate thoughts of former NFL superstar Nick Lowery when he missed a field goal, and the joys and tribulations of Emmy-nominated "Curb your Enthusiasm" actress Cheryl Hines. The book provides a practical, applied, and multi-disciplinary resource for anyone interested in motivation and performance, but especially for university students at the graduate or undergraduate level studying education, psychology, business, leadership, hospitality, sports management, or military science. Additionally, the writing style and eclectic nature of the text will appeal to readers of non-fiction who can use the book to gain self-awareness to enhance performance of themselves or others. Considers motivation for both learning and performance Identifies 50 foundational principles relating to motivation Provides research evidence supporting the foundational principles Includes interviews from famous individuals, identifying what motivated them and why Includes research from psychology, education, neuroscience, business, and sports

Adulting the Rally of Life

Adulting the Rally of Life

Author: Nikki Fogden-Moore

Publisher: Nikki Fogden-Moore

Published: 2020-11-15

Total Pages: 238

ISBN-13: 9780648261865

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#Adulting The Rally Of Life - The essential road map for modern leaders. Reignite your confidence, connection and contribution in all you do with a step by step roadmap to stop overwhelm and get back in the drivers seat fast. This book is dedicated to visionary, hard working and driven individuals and teams who do things with life. Those leaders who continue to evolve, and expect the best of them selves and others. Specifically designed based on 20 + years of people and high performance coaching Nikki brings her Leadership Mojo© program to life in this chapter by chapter playbook for the ultimate sustainable success.How to enjoy and thrive in the journey of a high performing, ever changing digitally transformed world we work and live in. How to determine your highest values and anchor your decisions with clarity and calm. How to understand your true capacity, surround yourself with the right people and continually check in on your coordinates in all types of conditions and challenges we face in today's modern landscape.


Book Synopsis Adulting the Rally of Life by : Nikki Fogden-Moore

Download or read book Adulting the Rally of Life written by Nikki Fogden-Moore and published by Nikki Fogden-Moore. This book was released on 2020-11-15 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #Adulting The Rally Of Life - The essential road map for modern leaders. Reignite your confidence, connection and contribution in all you do with a step by step roadmap to stop overwhelm and get back in the drivers seat fast. This book is dedicated to visionary, hard working and driven individuals and teams who do things with life. Those leaders who continue to evolve, and expect the best of them selves and others. Specifically designed based on 20 + years of people and high performance coaching Nikki brings her Leadership Mojo© program to life in this chapter by chapter playbook for the ultimate sustainable success.How to enjoy and thrive in the journey of a high performing, ever changing digitally transformed world we work and live in. How to determine your highest values and anchor your decisions with clarity and calm. How to understand your true capacity, surround yourself with the right people and continually check in on your coordinates in all types of conditions and challenges we face in today's modern landscape.

Belief's Own Ethics

Belief's Own Ethics

Author: Jonathan E. Adler

Publisher: MIT Press

Published: 2006-01-20

Total Pages: 388

ISBN-13: 9780262261371

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The fundamental question of the ethics of belief is "What ought one to believe?" According to the traditional view of evidentialism, the strength of one's beliefs should be proportionate to the evidence. Conventional ways of defending and challenging evidentialism rely on the idea that what one ought to believe is a matter of what it is rational, prudent, ethical, or personally fulfilling to believe. Common to all these approaches is that they look outside of belief itself to determine what one ought to believe. In this book Jonathan Adler offers a strengthened version of evidentialism, arguing that the ethics of belief should be rooted in the concept of belief—that evidentialism is belief's own ethics. A key observation is that it is not merely that one ought not, but that one cannot, believe, for example, that the number of stars is even. The "cannot" represents a conceptual barrier, not just an inability. Therefore belief in defiance of one's evidence (or evidentialism) is impossible. Adler addresses such questions as irrational beliefs, reasonableness, control over beliefs, and whether justifying beliefs requires a foundation. Although he treats the ethics of belief as a central topic in epistemology, his ideas also bear on rationality, argument and pragmatics, philosophy of religion, ethics, and social cognitive psychology.


Book Synopsis Belief's Own Ethics by : Jonathan E. Adler

Download or read book Belief's Own Ethics written by Jonathan E. Adler and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental question of the ethics of belief is "What ought one to believe?" According to the traditional view of evidentialism, the strength of one's beliefs should be proportionate to the evidence. Conventional ways of defending and challenging evidentialism rely on the idea that what one ought to believe is a matter of what it is rational, prudent, ethical, or personally fulfilling to believe. Common to all these approaches is that they look outside of belief itself to determine what one ought to believe. In this book Jonathan Adler offers a strengthened version of evidentialism, arguing that the ethics of belief should be rooted in the concept of belief—that evidentialism is belief's own ethics. A key observation is that it is not merely that one ought not, but that one cannot, believe, for example, that the number of stars is even. The "cannot" represents a conceptual barrier, not just an inability. Therefore belief in defiance of one's evidence (or evidentialism) is impossible. Adler addresses such questions as irrational beliefs, reasonableness, control over beliefs, and whether justifying beliefs requires a foundation. Although he treats the ethics of belief as a central topic in epistemology, his ideas also bear on rationality, argument and pragmatics, philosophy of religion, ethics, and social cognitive psychology.

Self Belief: the Vision How to Be a Success on Your Own Terms

Self Belief: the Vision How to Be a Success on Your Own Terms

Author: Jamal Edwards

Publisher: Random House

Published: 2013-09-12

Total Pages: 290

ISBN-13: 0753555395

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At the age of 15, with only a hand-held camera and a Wi-Fi connection, the author started to build his media empire. This book shares his own story and some of the things he has learned, in order to inspire other young people to get some self-belief and turn their dreams and ideas into reality.


Book Synopsis Self Belief: the Vision How to Be a Success on Your Own Terms by : Jamal Edwards

Download or read book Self Belief: the Vision How to Be a Success on Your Own Terms written by Jamal Edwards and published by Random House. This book was released on 2013-09-12 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the age of 15, with only a hand-held camera and a Wi-Fi connection, the author started to build his media empire. This book shares his own story and some of the things he has learned, in order to inspire other young people to get some self-belief and turn their dreams and ideas into reality.