Download The Taxation Implicit In Two Tiered Exchange Rate Systems full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Taxation Implicit In Two Tiered Exchange Rate Systems ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
A two-tiered exchange rate system can be interpreted as a set of separate taxes on money and other financial assets. If the official two-tiered exchange rate system coexists with a black market for foreign exchange, then there is implicit taxation of the international goods trade as well. This paper presents some evidence on the tax rates and tax revenues implicit in the exchange rate systems of The Bahamas (from 1978 to 1995), the Dominican Republic (from 1970 to 1984), and South Africa (from 1973 to 1995).
Book Synopsis The Taxation Implicit in Two-Tiered Exchange Rate Systems by : Harry Huizinga
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two-Tiered Exchange Rate Systems written by Harry Huizinga and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-11-01 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A two-tiered exchange rate system can be interpreted as a set of separate taxes on money and other financial assets. If the official two-tiered exchange rate system coexists with a black market for foreign exchange, then there is implicit taxation of the international goods trade as well. This paper presents some evidence on the tax rates and tax revenues implicit in the exchange rate systems of The Bahamas (from 1978 to 1995), the Dominican Republic (from 1970 to 1984), and South Africa (from 1973 to 1995).
Book Synopsis The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate Systems by : Fonds monétaire international
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate Systems written by Fonds monétaire international and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate System by : H. Huizinga
Download or read book The Taxation Implicit in Two-tiered Exchange Rate System written by H. Huizinga and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This paper reviews recent developments in the exchange system in the Islamic Republic of Iran and in the real effective exchange rate (REER). It also considers the determinants of the REER in connection with the choice of exchange regime after unification. The study illustrates how economic policy variables and exogenous shocks affect the real exchange rate primarily through the fiscal balance, and consequently, the savings-investment gap. It further illustrates that the appropriate level of REER and its medium-term path depend upon the mix of monetary, fiscal, and structural policies that underpin the evolution of inflation, balance of payments, and productivity growth.
Book Synopsis Exchange Rate Unification, the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate, and Choice of Exchange Rate Regime by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Exchange Rate Unification, the Equilibrium Real Exchange Rate, and Choice of Exchange Rate Regime written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews recent developments in the exchange system in the Islamic Republic of Iran and in the real effective exchange rate (REER). It also considers the determinants of the REER in connection with the choice of exchange regime after unification. The study illustrates how economic policy variables and exogenous shocks affect the real exchange rate primarily through the fiscal balance, and consequently, the savings-investment gap. It further illustrates that the appropriate level of REER and its medium-term path depend upon the mix of monetary, fiscal, and structural policies that underpin the evolution of inflation, balance of payments, and productivity growth.
Myanmar's multiple exchange rate system creates various economic distortions. This paper describes the exchange rate practices in Myanmar, develops a model of foreign exchange markets, and presents the efficiency costs imposed by quasi-fiscal operation under the current exchange rate regime. The results of our model-based analyses indicate that the equilibrium exchange rate under the unified market could be at around K 400-500 per U.S. dollar, and using the equilibrium exchange rate (instead of the official exchange rate) as the accounting rate increases trade openness to more than 20 percent from less than 1 percent measured by official statistics. The total efficiency loss caused by the current multiple exchange rate regime is estimated at about 14-17 percent of GDP in 2006/07.
Book Synopsis Efficiency Costs of Myanmar’s Multiple Exchange Rate Regime by : Masahiro Hori
Download or read book Efficiency Costs of Myanmar’s Multiple Exchange Rate Regime written by Masahiro Hori and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-08-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myanmar's multiple exchange rate system creates various economic distortions. This paper describes the exchange rate practices in Myanmar, develops a model of foreign exchange markets, and presents the efficiency costs imposed by quasi-fiscal operation under the current exchange rate regime. The results of our model-based analyses indicate that the equilibrium exchange rate under the unified market could be at around K 400-500 per U.S. dollar, and using the equilibrium exchange rate (instead of the official exchange rate) as the accounting rate increases trade openness to more than 20 percent from less than 1 percent measured by official statistics. The total efficiency loss caused by the current multiple exchange rate regime is estimated at about 14-17 percent of GDP in 2006/07.
This book offers a new approach to the democratisation process and economic adjustment in Argentina during the 1980s. The objective of the book is to provid the key to understanding the changes undergone by the state and economy in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Democracy in Argentina by : Laura Tedesco
Download or read book Democracy in Argentina written by Laura Tedesco and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-23 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a new approach to the democratisation process and economic adjustment in Argentina during the 1980s. The objective of the book is to provid the key to understanding the changes undergone by the state and economy in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Government Intervention in Agriculture by :
Download or read book Government Intervention in Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Research Activities of the International Monetary Fund by : International Monetary Fund. Interdepartmental Working Group on Fund Policy Advice
Download or read book Research Activities of the International Monetary Fund written by International Monetary Fund. Interdepartmental Working Group on Fund Policy Advice and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Building on the work carried out in the 2004 Routledge book, Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in Europe, an international team of contributors now turn their attention to the new EU member states. The book compares conditions in the new and potential EU Member states to those in the long-standing EU countries. Topics covered include: * A Comparative View of Taxation in the EU and in New Members * Tax Policy in EU New Members * Tax Policy in New Members under the Stability Pact * Tax Administration and the Black Economy. As well as investigating countries such as the Czech Republic, Estonia and the Baltics, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia, this outstanding book contains a foreword by Vito Tanzi and will be a valuable resource for postgraduates and professionals in the fields of economics, politics, finance and European studies.
Book Synopsis Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in New EU Member States by : Luigi Bernardi
Download or read book Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in New EU Member States written by Luigi Bernardi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-02-03 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the work carried out in the 2004 Routledge book, Tax Systems and Tax Reforms in Europe, an international team of contributors now turn their attention to the new EU member states. The book compares conditions in the new and potential EU Member states to those in the long-standing EU countries. Topics covered include: * A Comparative View of Taxation in the EU and in New Members * Tax Policy in EU New Members * Tax Policy in New Members under the Stability Pact * Tax Administration and the Black Economy. As well as investigating countries such as the Czech Republic, Estonia and the Baltics, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia, this outstanding book contains a foreword by Vito Tanzi and will be a valuable resource for postgraduates and professionals in the fields of economics, politics, finance and European studies.
Protectionism has been placed under the media spotlight, with news headlines generated by populist anti-globalization movements and Donald Trump's term as US President. Such a policy stance is putting at risk unilateral trade reform efforts in the Asia-Pacific region and elsewhere.This two-volume reference work provides a timely update on how far the region has come in opening markets. It analyzes the motivations or ostensible objectives of policies adopted in the past, the changing extent of the domestic price distortions involved, the economic effects of those policies at home and abroad, the political economy forces at work that brought about those policies and their subsequent reform, their consequences for international trade, economic welfare and poverty alleviation, and prospects for sustainable improvements in current policies. Case studies of major East Asian economies and Australia reveal how government priorities to assist farmers versus manufacturers changed over the past century but especially since the 1980s, and how that has affected trade between natural resource-poor and resource-rich economies.This set is highly recommended for those who are interested in the economics and politics of trade policies, agricultural economics, economic development, and food and nutrition security in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.
Book Synopsis World Scientific Reference On Asia-pacific Trade Policies (In 2 Volumes) by : Kym Anderson
Download or read book World Scientific Reference On Asia-pacific Trade Policies (In 2 Volumes) written by Kym Anderson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-12-19 with total page 1544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protectionism has been placed under the media spotlight, with news headlines generated by populist anti-globalization movements and Donald Trump's term as US President. Such a policy stance is putting at risk unilateral trade reform efforts in the Asia-Pacific region and elsewhere.This two-volume reference work provides a timely update on how far the region has come in opening markets. It analyzes the motivations or ostensible objectives of policies adopted in the past, the changing extent of the domestic price distortions involved, the economic effects of those policies at home and abroad, the political economy forces at work that brought about those policies and their subsequent reform, their consequences for international trade, economic welfare and poverty alleviation, and prospects for sustainable improvements in current policies. Case studies of major East Asian economies and Australia reveal how government priorities to assist farmers versus manufacturers changed over the past century but especially since the 1980s, and how that has affected trade between natural resource-poor and resource-rich economies.This set is highly recommended for those who are interested in the economics and politics of trade policies, agricultural economics, economic development, and food and nutrition security in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond.
