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Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Stem Cells

Author: Gary Hime

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2013-05-22

Total Pages: 371

ISBN-13: 9400766211

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This volume describes the latest findings on transcriptional and translational regulation of stem cells. Both transcriptional activators and repressors have been shown to be crucial for the maintenance of the stem cell state. A key element of stem cell maintenance is repression of differentiation factors or developmental genes – achieved transcriptionally, epigenetically by the Polycomb complex, and post-transcriptionally by RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs. This volume takes two approaches to this topic – (1) illustrating the general principles outlined above through a series of different stem cell examples – embryonic, iPS and adult stem cells, and (2) describing several molecular families that have been shown to have roles in regulation of multiple stem cell populations.

Book Synopsis Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Stem Cells by : Gary Hime

Download or read book Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Stem Cells written by Gary Hime and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the latest findings on transcriptional and translational regulation of stem cells. Both transcriptional activators and repressors have been shown to be crucial for the maintenance of the stem cell state. A key element of stem cell maintenance is repression of differentiation factors or developmental genes – achieved transcriptionally, epigenetically by the Polycomb complex, and post-transcriptionally by RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs. This volume takes two approaches to this topic – (1) illustrating the general principles outlined above through a series of different stem cell examples – embryonic, iPS and adult stem cells, and (2) describing several molecular families that have been shown to have roles in regulation of multiple stem cell populations.

Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells

Author: Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2009-03-04

Total Pages: 590

ISBN-13: 1603272275

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Stem cells appear to be fundamental cellular units associated with the origin of multicellular organisms and have evolved to function in safeguarding the cellular homeostasis in organ t- sues. The characteristics of stem cells that distinguish them from other cells have been the fascinating subjects of stem cell research. The important properties of stem cells, such as ma- tenance of quiescence, self-renewal capacity, and differentiation potential, have propelled this exciting ?eld and presently form a common theme of research in developmental biology and medicine. The derivation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, the prospective identi?cation of multipotent adult stem cells, and, more recently, the induced pluripotent stem cells (popularly called iPS) are important milestones in the arena of stem cell biology. Complex networks of transcription factors, different signaling molecules, and the interaction of genetic and epi- netic events constantly modulate stem cell behavior to evoke programming and reprogramming processes in normal tissue homeostasis during development. In any given cellular scenario, the regulatory networks can pose considerable complexity and yet exert an orderly control of stem cell differentiation during normal development. An aberration in these ?nely tuned processes during development usually results in a spectrum of diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders. Thisunderscorestheimminentneedforamorecompleteunderstandingofmolecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory circuitries required for stem cell maintenance. Overthepast3–5years,adiversegroupofbenchandphysicianscientistshaveprospectively enhanced our knowledge of stem cell biology. These studies are unveiling many unrecognized or previously unknown fundamentals of developmental biology.

Book Synopsis Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells by : Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar

Download or read book Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells written by Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-04 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells appear to be fundamental cellular units associated with the origin of multicellular organisms and have evolved to function in safeguarding the cellular homeostasis in organ t- sues. The characteristics of stem cells that distinguish them from other cells have been the fascinating subjects of stem cell research. The important properties of stem cells, such as ma- tenance of quiescence, self-renewal capacity, and differentiation potential, have propelled this exciting ?eld and presently form a common theme of research in developmental biology and medicine. The derivation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, the prospective identi?cation of multipotent adult stem cells, and, more recently, the induced pluripotent stem cells (popularly called iPS) are important milestones in the arena of stem cell biology. Complex networks of transcription factors, different signaling molecules, and the interaction of genetic and epi- netic events constantly modulate stem cell behavior to evoke programming and reprogramming processes in normal tissue homeostasis during development. In any given cellular scenario, the regulatory networks can pose considerable complexity and yet exert an orderly control of stem cell differentiation during normal development. An aberration in these ?nely tuned processes during development usually results in a spectrum of diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders. Thisunderscorestheimminentneedforamorecompleteunderstandingofmolecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory circuitries required for stem cell maintenance. Overthepast3–5years,adiversegroupofbenchandphysicianscientistshaveprospectively enhanced our knowledge of stem cell biology. These studies are unveiling many unrecognized or previously unknown fundamentals of developmental biology.

Computational Biology of Embryonic Stem Cells

Author: Ming Zhan

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Published: 2012-08-10

Total Pages: 262

ISBN-13: 1608050254

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"Computational biology in combination with large-scale biology has played a critical role in exploring the great potentials of embryonic stem cells, resulting in significant discoveries. This e-book brings together reviews and essays from different aspects"

Book Synopsis Computational Biology of Embryonic Stem Cells by : Ming Zhan

Download or read book Computational Biology of Embryonic Stem Cells written by Ming Zhan and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Computational biology in combination with large-scale biology has played a critical role in exploring the great potentials of embryonic stem cells, resulting in significant discoveries. This e-book brings together reviews and essays from different aspects"

mRNA Translational Control as a Mechanism of Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation

Author: Daniel L. Kiss

Publisher: Frontiers Media SA

Published: 2022-07-25

Total Pages: 135

ISBN-13: 2889765903

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Book Synopsis mRNA Translational Control as a Mechanism of Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation by : Daniel L. Kiss

Download or read book mRNA Translational Control as a Mechanism of Post-transcriptional Gene Regulation written by Daniel L. Kiss and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-07-25 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Muscle Stem Cells

Author:

Publisher: Elsevier

Published: 2024-05-01

Total Pages: 488

ISBN-13: 0128234342

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Muscle Stem Cells, Volume 158 in the Current Topics of Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics surrounding Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy, Model systems used to study MuSC function, MuSCs in the growth and maintenance of muscle, Molecular regulation of myocyte fusion, A self-made quiescent niche of muscle stem cells, Characterization of the muscle regenerative environment, Role of microenvironment on muscle stem cell function in health, adaptation, and disease, Vascular Niche for Muscle Stem Cells, Regulation of muscle stem cell polarity in health and disease, and more. Additional chatpers cover Circadian timing of satellite cell function and muscle regeneration, Muscle stem cell activity is regulated by translational control of gene expression, Biomechanical stress in modulating MuSC function, Cross talk between cell types in regenerating muscle, Effects of the immune system on muscle regeneration, Effects of diabetes on MuSC function, and other timely topics. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Updated release includes the latest information on the Muscle Stem Cells

Book Synopsis Muscle Stem Cells by :

Download or read book Muscle Stem Cells written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-05-01 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muscle Stem Cells, Volume 158 in the Current Topics of Developmental Biology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics surrounding Muscle stem cell dysfunction in rhabdomyosarcoma and muscular dystrophy, Model systems used to study MuSC function, MuSCs in the growth and maintenance of muscle, Molecular regulation of myocyte fusion, A self-made quiescent niche of muscle stem cells, Characterization of the muscle regenerative environment, Role of microenvironment on muscle stem cell function in health, adaptation, and disease, Vascular Niche for Muscle Stem Cells, Regulation of muscle stem cell polarity in health and disease, and more. Additional chatpers cover Circadian timing of satellite cell function and muscle regeneration, Muscle stem cell activity is regulated by translational control of gene expression, Biomechanical stress in modulating MuSC function, Cross talk between cell types in regenerating muscle, Effects of the immune system on muscle regeneration, Effects of diabetes on MuSC function, and other timely topics. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series Updated release includes the latest information on the Muscle Stem Cells

Stem Cell Epigenetics

Author:

Publisher: Academic Press

Published: 2020-08-13

Total Pages: 318

ISBN-13: 0128140852

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Stem Cell Epigenetics, Volume 16, examines how epigenetics are involved in stem cell differentiation, how a stem cell rapidly transitions into a molecularly distinct cell type, and how this process may be reversed or managed via epigenetic reprogramming. Topics discussed include chromatin in pluripotency, epigenetic regulation of reprogramming, stem cells and DNA methylation, histone modifications in stem cells and differentiation, higher-order chromatin conformation in pluripotent cells, epigenetics and disease modeling, organoids from pluripotent cells, transcriptional regulation in stem cells and differentiation, non-coding RNAs in pluripotency and early differentiation, and diseases caused by epigenetic alterations in stem cells. Additionally, the potential implementation of stem cell epigenetics in drug discovery, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment is discussed in detail, helping researchers and physicians bring this exciting and fast evolving field to the clinic. Provides genetic researchers, students and physicians with evidence indicating the epigenetic mechanisms involved in stem cell differentiation Highlights the specific characteristics of the epigenetic modifications and misregulations that may result in disease pathogenesis Examines the potential application of stem cell epigenetics towards developing therapeutic interventions for disease and advancing regenerative medicine Features chapter contributions by leading international experts

Book Synopsis Stem Cell Epigenetics by :

Download or read book Stem Cell Epigenetics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem Cell Epigenetics, Volume 16, examines how epigenetics are involved in stem cell differentiation, how a stem cell rapidly transitions into a molecularly distinct cell type, and how this process may be reversed or managed via epigenetic reprogramming. Topics discussed include chromatin in pluripotency, epigenetic regulation of reprogramming, stem cells and DNA methylation, histone modifications in stem cells and differentiation, higher-order chromatin conformation in pluripotent cells, epigenetics and disease modeling, organoids from pluripotent cells, transcriptional regulation in stem cells and differentiation, non-coding RNAs in pluripotency and early differentiation, and diseases caused by epigenetic alterations in stem cells. Additionally, the potential implementation of stem cell epigenetics in drug discovery, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment is discussed in detail, helping researchers and physicians bring this exciting and fast evolving field to the clinic. Provides genetic researchers, students and physicians with evidence indicating the epigenetic mechanisms involved in stem cell differentiation Highlights the specific characteristics of the epigenetic modifications and misregulations that may result in disease pathogenesis Examines the potential application of stem cell epigenetics towards developing therapeutic interventions for disease and advancing regenerative medicine Features chapter contributions by leading international experts

Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 6

Author: Kursad Turksen

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-01-09

Total Pages: 228

ISBN-13: 3030328236

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Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions. This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of SpringerNature’s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the sixth volume of a continuing series.

Book Synopsis Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 6 by : Kursad Turksen

Download or read book Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 6 written by Kursad Turksen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions. This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of SpringerNature’s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the sixth volume of a continuing series.

Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 7

Author: Kursad Turksen

Publisher: Springer Nature

Published: 2020-02-03

Total Pages: 158

ISBN-13: 3030378454

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Book Synopsis Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 7 by : Kursad Turksen

Download or read book Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 7 written by Kursad Turksen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions. This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of SpringerNature’s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the seventh volume of a continuing series. Chapter “Application of iPSC to Modelling of Respiratory Diseases” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells

Author: Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar

Publisher: Humana Press

Published: 2009-03-19

Total Pages: 601

ISBN-13: 9781603272261

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Book Synopsis Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells by : Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar

Download or read book Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells written by Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2009-03-19 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells appear to be fundamental cellular units associated with the origin of multicellular organisms and have evolved to function in safeguarding the cellular homeostasis in organ t- sues. The characteristics of stem cells that distinguish them from other cells have been the fascinating subjects of stem cell research. The important properties of stem cells, such as ma- tenance of quiescence, self-renewal capacity, and differentiation potential, have propelled this exciting ?eld and presently form a common theme of research in developmental biology and medicine. The derivation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, the prospective identi?cation of multipotent adult stem cells, and, more recently, the induced pluripotent stem cells (popularly called iPS) are important milestones in the arena of stem cell biology. Complex networks of transcription factors, different signaling molecules, and the interaction of genetic and epi- netic events constantly modulate stem cell behavior to evoke programming and reprogramming processes in normal tissue homeostasis during development. In any given cellular scenario, the regulatory networks can pose considerable complexity and yet exert an orderly control of stem cell differentiation during normal development. An aberration in these ?nely tuned processes during development usually results in a spectrum of diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders. Thisunderscorestheimminentneedforamorecompleteunderstandingofmolecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory circuitries required for stem cell maintenance. Overthepast3–5years,adiversegroupofbenchandphysicianscientistshaveprospectively enhanced our knowledge of stem cell biology. These studies are unveiling many unrecognized or previously unknown fundamentals of developmental biology.

Translational Regulation of Gene Expression 2

Author: J. Ilan

Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media

Published: 2012-12-06

Total Pages: 508

ISBN-13: 1461528941

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This book, which results from the dramatic increase in interest in the control mechanism employed in gene expression and the importance of the regulated proteins, presents new information not covered in Translational Regulation of Gene Expression, which was published in 1987. It is not a revision of the earlier book but, rather, an extension of that volume witl, special emphasis on mecha nIsm. As the reader will discover, there is enormous diversity in the systems employing genes for translational regulation in order to regulate the appearance of the final product-the protein. Thus, we find that important proteins such as protooncogenes, growth factors, stress proteins, cytokines, lymphokines, iron storage and iron-uptake proteins, and a panorama of prokaryotic proteins, as well as eukaryotic viral proteins, are translationally regulated. Since for some gene products the degree of control is greater by a few orders of magnitude than their transcription, we can state that for these genes, at least, the expression is translationall y controlled. Translational regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes has emerged in the last few years as a major research field. The present book describes mechanisms of translational regulation in bacteria, yeast, and eukaryotic viruses, as well as in eukaryotic genes. In this book we try to provide in-depth coverage by including important examples from each group rather than systematically including all additional systems not described in the previous volume.

Book Synopsis Translational Regulation of Gene Expression 2 by : J. Ilan

Download or read book Translational Regulation of Gene Expression 2 written by J. Ilan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, which results from the dramatic increase in interest in the control mechanism employed in gene expression and the importance of the regulated proteins, presents new information not covered in Translational Regulation of Gene Expression, which was published in 1987. It is not a revision of the earlier book but, rather, an extension of that volume witl, special emphasis on mecha nIsm. As the reader will discover, there is enormous diversity in the systems employing genes for translational regulation in order to regulate the appearance of the final product-the protein. Thus, we find that important proteins such as protooncogenes, growth factors, stress proteins, cytokines, lymphokines, iron storage and iron-uptake proteins, and a panorama of prokaryotic proteins, as well as eukaryotic viral proteins, are translationally regulated. Since for some gene products the degree of control is greater by a few orders of magnitude than their transcription, we can state that for these genes, at least, the expression is translationall y controlled. Translational regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes has emerged in the last few years as a major research field. The present book describes mechanisms of translational regulation in bacteria, yeast, and eukaryotic viruses, as well as in eukaryotic genes. In this book we try to provide in-depth coverage by including important examples from each group rather than systematically including all additional systems not described in the previous volume.