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The "raison d'etre" of hierarchical dustering theory stems from one basic phe nomenon: This is the notorious non-transitivity of similarity relations. In spite of the fact that very often two objects may be quite similar to a third without being that similar to each other, one still wants to dassify objects according to their similarity. This should be achieved by grouping them into a hierarchy of non-overlapping dusters such that any two objects in ~ne duster appear to be more related to each other than they are to objects outside this duster. In everyday life, as well as in essentially every field of scientific investigation, there is an urge to reduce complexity by recognizing and establishing reasonable das sification schemes. Unfortunately, this is counterbalanced by the experience of seemingly unavoidable deadlocks caused by the existence of sequences of objects, each comparatively similar to the next, but the last rather different from the first.
Book Synopsis Trees and Hierarchical Structures by : Andreas Dress
Download or read book Trees and Hierarchical Structures written by Andreas Dress and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The "raison d'etre" of hierarchical dustering theory stems from one basic phe nomenon: This is the notorious non-transitivity of similarity relations. In spite of the fact that very often two objects may be quite similar to a third without being that similar to each other, one still wants to dassify objects according to their similarity. This should be achieved by grouping them into a hierarchy of non-overlapping dusters such that any two objects in ~ne duster appear to be more related to each other than they are to objects outside this duster. In everyday life, as well as in essentially every field of scientific investigation, there is an urge to reduce complexity by recognizing and establishing reasonable das sification schemes. Unfortunately, this is counterbalanced by the experience of seemingly unavoidable deadlocks caused by the existence of sequences of objects, each comparatively similar to the next, but the last rather different from the first.
Annotation This is a developer's guide that addresses a topic that is universally difficult for programmer's to master - trees and hierarchies.
Book Synopsis Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL for Smarties by : Joe Celko
Download or read book Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL for Smarties written by Joe Celko and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This is a developer's guide that addresses a topic that is universally difficult for programmer's to master - trees and hierarchies.
The Transact-SQL Cookbook contains a wealth of solutions to problems that SQL programmers face all the time. The recipes in the book range from how to perform simple tasks, such as importing external data, to how to handle more complicated issues, such as set algebra. Each recipe is followed by a discussion explaining the logic and concepts underlying the solution.
Book Synopsis Transact-SQL Cookbook by : Aleš Špetič
Download or read book Transact-SQL Cookbook written by Aleš Špetič and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2002 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Transact-SQL Cookbook contains a wealth of solutions to problems that SQL programmers face all the time. The recipes in the book range from how to perform simple tasks, such as importing external data, to how to handle more complicated issues, such as set algebra. Each recipe is followed by a discussion explaining the logic and concepts underlying the solution.
Book Synopsis Data Abstraction and Structures Using C++ by : Mark R. Headington
Download or read book Data Abstraction and Structures Using C++ written by Mark R. Headington and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 1994 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Addresses some fundamental considerations associated with the engineering of large scale systems. The first part deals with systems methodology, design and management including a detailed examination of operational and task level system quality assurance through configuration management, audits and reviews, standards and systems integration. The second part discusses a variety of systems design and management approaches, particularly those concerned with system effectiveness evaluation and the human role in systems.
Book Synopsis Systems Engineering by : Andrew P. Sage
Download or read book Systems Engineering written by Andrew P. Sage and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1992-08-07 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses some fundamental considerations associated with the engineering of large scale systems. The first part deals with systems methodology, design and management including a detailed examination of operational and task level system quality assurance through configuration management, audits and reviews, standards and systems integration. The second part discusses a variety of systems design and management approaches, particularly those concerned with system effectiveness evaluation and the human role in systems.
Millions of trees live and grow all around us, and we all recognize the vital role they play in the world’s ecosystems. Publicity campaigns exhort us to plant yet more. Yet until recently comparatively little was known about the root causes of the physical changes that attend their growth. Since trees typically increase in size by three to four orders of magnitude in their journey to maturity, this gap in our knowledge has been a crucial issue to address. Here at last is a synthesis of the current state of our knowledge about both the causes and consequences of ontogenetic changes in key features of tree structure and function. During their ontogeny, trees undergo numerous changes in their physiological function, the structure and mechanical properties of their wood, and overall architecture and allometry. This book examines the central interplay between these changes and tree size and age. It also explores the impact these changes can have, at the level of the individual tree, on the emerging characteristics of forest ecosystems at various stages of their development. The analysis offers an explanation for the importance of discriminating between the varied physical properties arising from the nexus of size and age, as well as highlighting the implications these ontogenetic changes have for commercial forestry and climate change. This important and timely summation of our knowledge base in this area, written by highly respected researchers, will be of huge interest, not only to researchers, but also to forest managers and silviculturists.
Book Synopsis Size- and Age-Related Changes in Tree Structure and Function by : Frederick C. Meinzer
Download or read book Size- and Age-Related Changes in Tree Structure and Function written by Frederick C. Meinzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Millions of trees live and grow all around us, and we all recognize the vital role they play in the world’s ecosystems. Publicity campaigns exhort us to plant yet more. Yet until recently comparatively little was known about the root causes of the physical changes that attend their growth. Since trees typically increase in size by three to four orders of magnitude in their journey to maturity, this gap in our knowledge has been a crucial issue to address. Here at last is a synthesis of the current state of our knowledge about both the causes and consequences of ontogenetic changes in key features of tree structure and function. During their ontogeny, trees undergo numerous changes in their physiological function, the structure and mechanical properties of their wood, and overall architecture and allometry. This book examines the central interplay between these changes and tree size and age. It also explores the impact these changes can have, at the level of the individual tree, on the emerging characteristics of forest ecosystems at various stages of their development. The analysis offers an explanation for the importance of discriminating between the varied physical properties arising from the nexus of size and age, as well as highlighting the implications these ontogenetic changes have for commercial forestry and climate change. This important and timely summation of our knowledge base in this area, written by highly respected researchers, will be of huge interest, not only to researchers, but also to forest managers and silviculturists.
Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL is an intermediate to advanced-level practitioner’s guide to mastering the two most challenging aspects of developing database applications in SQL. In this book, Celko illustrates several major approaches to representing trees and hierarchies and related topics that should be of interest to the working database programmer. These topics include hierarchical encoding schemes, graphs, IMS, binary trees, and more. This book covers SQL-92 and SQL:1999. · Includes graph theory and programming techniques. · Running examples throughout the book help illustrate and tie concepts together. · Loads of code, available for download from www.mkp.com.
Book Synopsis Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL for Smarties by : Joe Celko
Download or read book Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL for Smarties written by Joe Celko and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-06-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joe Celko's Trees and Hierarchies in SQL is an intermediate to advanced-level practitioner’s guide to mastering the two most challenging aspects of developing database applications in SQL. In this book, Celko illustrates several major approaches to representing trees and hierarchies and related topics that should be of interest to the working database programmer. These topics include hierarchical encoding schemes, graphs, IMS, binary trees, and more. This book covers SQL-92 and SQL:1999. · Includes graph theory and programming techniques. · Running examples throughout the book help illustrate and tie concepts together. · Loads of code, available for download from www.mkp.com.
Information visualization is not only about creating graphical displays of complex and latent information structures. It also contributes to a broader range of cognitive, social, and collaborative activities. This is the first book to examine information visualization from this perspective. This 2nd edition continues the unique and ambitious quest for setting information visualization and virtual environments in a unifying framework. It pays special attention to the advances made over the last 5 years and potentially fruitful directions to pursue. It is particularly updated to meet the need for practitioners. The book is a valuable source for researchers and graduate students.
Book Synopsis Information Visualization by : Chaomei Chen
Download or read book Information Visualization written by Chaomei Chen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-23 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information visualization is not only about creating graphical displays of complex and latent information structures. It also contributes to a broader range of cognitive, social, and collaborative activities. This is the first book to examine information visualization from this perspective. This 2nd edition continues the unique and ambitious quest for setting information visualization and virtual environments in a unifying framework. It pays special attention to the advances made over the last 5 years and potentially fruitful directions to pursue. It is particularly updated to meet the need for practitioners. The book is a valuable source for researchers and graduate students.
Master Python and elevate your algorithmic skills with this comprehensive course. From introductory concepts to advanced computational problems, learn how to efficiently solve complex challenges and optimize your code. Key Features Comprehensive introduction to Python programming and algorithms Detailed exploration of data structures and sorting/searching techniques Advanced topics including graph algorithms and computational problem-solving Book DescriptionBegin your journey with an introduction to Python and algorithms, laying the groundwork for more complex topics. You will start with the basics of Python programming, ensuring a solid foundation before diving into more advanced and sophisticated concepts. As you progress, you'll explore elementary data containers, gaining an understanding of their role in algorithm development. Midway through the course, you’ll delve into the art of sorting and searching, mastering techniques that are crucial for efficient data handling. You will then venture into hierarchical data structures, such as trees and graphs, which are essential for understanding complex data relationships. By mastering algorithmic techniques, you’ll learn how to implement solutions for a variety of computational challenges. The latter part of the course focuses on advanced topics, including network algorithms, string and pattern deciphering, and advanced computational problems. You'll apply your knowledge through practical case studies and optimizations, bridging the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world applications. This comprehensive approach ensures you are well-prepared to handle any programming challenge with confidence.What you will learn Master sorting and searching algorithms Implement hierarchical data structures like trees and graphs Apply advanced algorithmic techniques to solve complex problems Optimize code for efficiency and performance Understand and implement advanced graph algorithms Translate theoretical concepts into practical, real-world solutions Who this book is for This course is designed for a diverse group of learners, including technical professionals, software developers, computer science students, and data enthusiasts. It caters to individuals who have a basic understanding of programming and are eager to deepen their knowledge of Python and algorithms. Whether you're a recent graduate, or an experienced developer looking to expand your skill set, this course is tailored to meet the needs of all types of audiences. Ideal for those aiming to strengthen their algorithmic thinking and improve their coding efficiency.
Book Synopsis Algorithms and Data Structures with Python by : Cuantum Technologies LLC
Download or read book Algorithms and Data Structures with Python written by Cuantum Technologies LLC and published by Packt Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2024-06-12 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master Python and elevate your algorithmic skills with this comprehensive course. From introductory concepts to advanced computational problems, learn how to efficiently solve complex challenges and optimize your code. Key Features Comprehensive introduction to Python programming and algorithms Detailed exploration of data structures and sorting/searching techniques Advanced topics including graph algorithms and computational problem-solving Book DescriptionBegin your journey with an introduction to Python and algorithms, laying the groundwork for more complex topics. You will start with the basics of Python programming, ensuring a solid foundation before diving into more advanced and sophisticated concepts. As you progress, you'll explore elementary data containers, gaining an understanding of their role in algorithm development. Midway through the course, you’ll delve into the art of sorting and searching, mastering techniques that are crucial for efficient data handling. You will then venture into hierarchical data structures, such as trees and graphs, which are essential for understanding complex data relationships. By mastering algorithmic techniques, you’ll learn how to implement solutions for a variety of computational challenges. The latter part of the course focuses on advanced topics, including network algorithms, string and pattern deciphering, and advanced computational problems. You'll apply your knowledge through practical case studies and optimizations, bridging the gap between theoretical concepts and real-world applications. This comprehensive approach ensures you are well-prepared to handle any programming challenge with confidence.What you will learn Master sorting and searching algorithms Implement hierarchical data structures like trees and graphs Apply advanced algorithmic techniques to solve complex problems Optimize code for efficiency and performance Understand and implement advanced graph algorithms Translate theoretical concepts into practical, real-world solutions Who this book is for This course is designed for a diverse group of learners, including technical professionals, software developers, computer science students, and data enthusiasts. It caters to individuals who have a basic understanding of programming and are eager to deepen their knowledge of Python and algorithms. Whether you're a recent graduate, or an experienced developer looking to expand your skill set, this course is tailored to meet the needs of all types of audiences. Ideal for those aiming to strengthen their algorithmic thinking and improve their coding efficiency.
This book uses the EM (expectation maximization) algorithm to simultaneously estimate the missing data and unknown parameter(s) associated with a data set. The parameters describe the component distributions of the mixture; the distributions may be continuous or discrete. The editors provide a complete account of the applications, mathematical structure and statistical analysis of finite mixture distributions along with MCMC computational methods, together with a range of detailed discussions covering the applications of the methods and features chapters from the leading experts on the subject. The applications are drawn from scientific discipline, including biostatistics, computer science, ecology and finance. This area of statistics is important to a range of disciplines, and its methodology attracts interest from researchers in the fields in which it can be applied.
Book Synopsis Mixtures by : Kerrie L. Mengersen
Download or read book Mixtures written by Kerrie L. Mengersen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses the EM (expectation maximization) algorithm to simultaneously estimate the missing data and unknown parameter(s) associated with a data set. The parameters describe the component distributions of the mixture; the distributions may be continuous or discrete. The editors provide a complete account of the applications, mathematical structure and statistical analysis of finite mixture distributions along with MCMC computational methods, together with a range of detailed discussions covering the applications of the methods and features chapters from the leading experts on the subject. The applications are drawn from scientific discipline, including biostatistics, computer science, ecology and finance. This area of statistics is important to a range of disciplines, and its methodology attracts interest from researchers in the fields in which it can be applied.
