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The Northern California Current (NCC) ecosystem exhibits extreme seasonal, interannual and interdecadal shifts in the abiotic environment and shifts in primary and higher production. This variability is also apparent in the spatial structure of the ecosystem with nearshore-shelf waters (
Book Synopsis Trophic Dynamics of Marine Nekton and Zooplankton Within the Northern California Current Pelagic Ecosystem by : Todd William Miller
Download or read book Trophic Dynamics of Marine Nekton and Zooplankton Within the Northern California Current Pelagic Ecosystem written by Todd William Miller and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Northern California Current (NCC) ecosystem exhibits extreme seasonal, interannual and interdecadal shifts in the abiotic environment and shifts in primary and higher production. This variability is also apparent in the spatial structure of the ecosystem with nearshore-shelf waters (
Book Synopsis Movement and Connectivity of Large Pelagic Sharks by : Mark Meekan
Download or read book Movement and Connectivity of Large Pelagic Sharks written by Mark Meekan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-08 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Small pelagic fish represent a critical trophic link between plankton and large predators in marine upwelling ecosystems such as the California Current System. Populations of these fish are highly variable over time and are characterized by extreme fluctuations in abundance, which have significant ecosystem impacts. The causes driving this instability are not well understood, but several climactic and ecological factors have been hypothesized. This research investigated the linkages between habitat, plankton prey resources, and the abundance and behavior of small pelagic fish at various temporal and spatial scales (i.e., daily, weekly patterns of wind-driven upwelling, and seasonal) to understand how changes in physical and prey habitats influence trophic interactions. This research utilized a combination of stationary and shipboard acoustics, net sampling, and physical oceanography sampling approaches. A comparison of diel schooling behavior and zooplankton availability off Oregon and Monterey Bay, California revealed that changes in fish aggregation behaviors were caused by different timings of zooplankton availability in each region attributable to the extent of zooplankton diel vertical migrations. An analysis of the spatial relationships of acoustic scatterers across ocean fronts caused by wind-driven coastal upwelling indicated that upwelling may lead to a spatial mismatch between small plankton prey and schooling fish that select habitat based on their preference of warmer temperatures. The temporal patterns of zooplankton and pelagic fish abundance near the Columbia River plume were identified, finding that the seasonal appearance of small pelagic fish occurred very abruptly. The timing of fish arrival was poorly correlated with zooplankton abundance but was strongly linked with temperature, salinity, and river flow. Zooplankton abundance was highly variable with very large spikes occurring with the passage of tidally-driven river fronts. This research on the ecological and environmental factors between habitat, plankton, and small pelagic fish has revealed that both the physical habitat and prey fields play an important role in determining these interactions. Variability in the trophic interaction between small pelagic fish and zooplankton over varying scales has important ecosystem consequences, including the potential availability of these prey resources to larger predators, as well as impacts for management.
Book Synopsis Bio-physical Interactions of Small Pelagic Fish Schools and Zooplankton Prey in the California Current System Over Multiple Scales by : Amanda May Kaltenberg
Download or read book Bio-physical Interactions of Small Pelagic Fish Schools and Zooplankton Prey in the California Current System Over Multiple Scales written by Amanda May Kaltenberg and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small pelagic fish represent a critical trophic link between plankton and large predators in marine upwelling ecosystems such as the California Current System. Populations of these fish are highly variable over time and are characterized by extreme fluctuations in abundance, which have significant ecosystem impacts. The causes driving this instability are not well understood, but several climactic and ecological factors have been hypothesized. This research investigated the linkages between habitat, plankton prey resources, and the abundance and behavior of small pelagic fish at various temporal and spatial scales (i.e., daily, weekly patterns of wind-driven upwelling, and seasonal) to understand how changes in physical and prey habitats influence trophic interactions. This research utilized a combination of stationary and shipboard acoustics, net sampling, and physical oceanography sampling approaches. A comparison of diel schooling behavior and zooplankton availability off Oregon and Monterey Bay, California revealed that changes in fish aggregation behaviors were caused by different timings of zooplankton availability in each region attributable to the extent of zooplankton diel vertical migrations. An analysis of the spatial relationships of acoustic scatterers across ocean fronts caused by wind-driven coastal upwelling indicated that upwelling may lead to a spatial mismatch between small plankton prey and schooling fish that select habitat based on their preference of warmer temperatures. The temporal patterns of zooplankton and pelagic fish abundance near the Columbia River plume were identified, finding that the seasonal appearance of small pelagic fish occurred very abruptly. The timing of fish arrival was poorly correlated with zooplankton abundance but was strongly linked with temperature, salinity, and river flow. Zooplankton abundance was highly variable with very large spikes occurring with the passage of tidally-driven river fronts. This research on the ecological and environmental factors between habitat, plankton, and small pelagic fish has revealed that both the physical habitat and prey fields play an important role in determining these interactions. Variability in the trophic interaction between small pelagic fish and zooplankton over varying scales has important ecosystem consequences, including the potential availability of these prey resources to larger predators, as well as impacts for management.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, Progress Report by : California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (Program)
Download or read book California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations, Progress Report written by California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (Program) and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Progress Report by :
Download or read book California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 2013-12 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis Zooplankton and Nekton: Gatekeepers of the Biological Pump by : Rainer Kiko
Download or read book Zooplankton and Nekton: Gatekeepers of the Biological Pump written by Rainer Kiko and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis California Cooperative Sardine Research Program by :
Download or read book California Cooperative Sardine Research Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A grand challenge of the 21st century is to understand the response of ecosystems and populations of species to environmental variability and intensifying climate change. My dissertation focuses on the potential for changing environmental conditions to influence marine food webs, foraging ecology, and ultimately population success of consumers. I combined biogeochemical tools (stable isotope analyses) of zooplankton and endangered leatherback turtles with measures of oceanography and environmental conditions to evaluate changes in foraging ecology and food web dynamics over time. My research specifically focuses on long-term trends in the foraging ecology and habitat use of Atlantic and Pacific leatherback turtles and how environmental variability in the Pacific may alter food web dynamics in a critical foraging area for a declining leatherback population. My first two chapters were focused on leatherback turtles, a cosmopolitan species with populations inhabiting tropical and temperate regions throughout the global ocean. In Chapter 1, I examined the trophic ecology of North Atlantic leatherbacks over an eighteen-year period to test the hypothesis that shifts in foraging ecology or environmental conditions in the North Atlantic have contributed to leatherback population recovery. In Chapter 2, I focused on a subgroup of the critically endangered Western Pacific leatherback population that forages in the California Current. Here, I addressed questions about their diet, habitat use, and the trophic structure of leatherback prey in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME). These two chapters allowed me to better understand whether the continuing decline of Pacific leatherbacks was related to dietary differences potentially driven by variability in environmental conditions between ocean basins as the North Atlantic population of turtles are steadily increasing. In Chapter 3, I investigated ecosystem responses to a multi-year, warm water anomaly (a marine heatwave and strong El Niño event) in the CCLME, which is a productive upwelling system that supports the biomass of many commercially and ecologically important species, including the leatherback population that Chapter 2 focused on. My findings illustrate mechanisms through which the amount of energy transferred to higher trophic level consumers is altered by environmental variability in the CCLME. In my first three chapters, I used stable isotope analyses, which can be a valuable tool for reconstructing patterns of trophic or foraging ecology over time. However, archived tissues that are used for analyses are often stored in chemical preservatives, which may affect their potential for use in isotope ecology. In Chapter 4, I conducted laboratory experiments to test the effects of common chemical preservatives on stable isotope values to better understand how we can best use preserved and archived tissues in future studies. My research provides insight into the trophic ecology and habitat use of an endangered marine consumer. Although I found no differences in trophic position between leatherback conspecifics, environmental conditions in the North Atlantic may have contributed to the recent increases in this population. My research elucidates the effects of a strong environmental perturbation on the California Current food web, which is a productive upwelling region used by many commercially important and protected species. This work provides trophic position estimates for two leatherback populations, several gelatinous zooplankton species, and calanoid copepods in the California Current, which can be incorporated into future ecosystem or habitat models and used for ecosystem-based management of marine resources. Furthermore, my results contribute to our understanding of temporal trends in foraging ecology and food web responses to environmental variability and anomalous warming, which is useful for predicting ecosystem responses to future climate change scenarios.
Book Synopsis The Interplay Between Trophic Ecology, Environmental Variability, and an Endangered Marine Species by : Elizabeth Hetherington
Download or read book The Interplay Between Trophic Ecology, Environmental Variability, and an Endangered Marine Species written by Elizabeth Hetherington and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A grand challenge of the 21st century is to understand the response of ecosystems and populations of species to environmental variability and intensifying climate change. My dissertation focuses on the potential for changing environmental conditions to influence marine food webs, foraging ecology, and ultimately population success of consumers. I combined biogeochemical tools (stable isotope analyses) of zooplankton and endangered leatherback turtles with measures of oceanography and environmental conditions to evaluate changes in foraging ecology and food web dynamics over time. My research specifically focuses on long-term trends in the foraging ecology and habitat use of Atlantic and Pacific leatherback turtles and how environmental variability in the Pacific may alter food web dynamics in a critical foraging area for a declining leatherback population. My first two chapters were focused on leatherback turtles, a cosmopolitan species with populations inhabiting tropical and temperate regions throughout the global ocean. In Chapter 1, I examined the trophic ecology of North Atlantic leatherbacks over an eighteen-year period to test the hypothesis that shifts in foraging ecology or environmental conditions in the North Atlantic have contributed to leatherback population recovery. In Chapter 2, I focused on a subgroup of the critically endangered Western Pacific leatherback population that forages in the California Current. Here, I addressed questions about their diet, habitat use, and the trophic structure of leatherback prey in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME). These two chapters allowed me to better understand whether the continuing decline of Pacific leatherbacks was related to dietary differences potentially driven by variability in environmental conditions between ocean basins as the North Atlantic population of turtles are steadily increasing. In Chapter 3, I investigated ecosystem responses to a multi-year, warm water anomaly (a marine heatwave and strong El Niño event) in the CCLME, which is a productive upwelling system that supports the biomass of many commercially and ecologically important species, including the leatherback population that Chapter 2 focused on. My findings illustrate mechanisms through which the amount of energy transferred to higher trophic level consumers is altered by environmental variability in the CCLME. In my first three chapters, I used stable isotope analyses, which can be a valuable tool for reconstructing patterns of trophic or foraging ecology over time. However, archived tissues that are used for analyses are often stored in chemical preservatives, which may affect their potential for use in isotope ecology. In Chapter 4, I conducted laboratory experiments to test the effects of common chemical preservatives on stable isotope values to better understand how we can best use preserved and archived tissues in future studies. My research provides insight into the trophic ecology and habitat use of an endangered marine consumer. Although I found no differences in trophic position between leatherback conspecifics, environmental conditions in the North Atlantic may have contributed to the recent increases in this population. My research elucidates the effects of a strong environmental perturbation on the California Current food web, which is a productive upwelling region used by many commercially important and protected species. This work provides trophic position estimates for two leatherback populations, several gelatinous zooplankton species, and calanoid copepods in the California Current, which can be incorporated into future ecosystem or habitat models and used for ecosystem-based management of marine resources. Furthermore, my results contribute to our understanding of temporal trends in foraging ecology and food web responses to environmental variability and anomalous warming, which is useful for predicting ecosystem responses to future climate change scenarios.
An analysis of the interactions between pelagic food web processes and element cycling in lakes. While some findings are examined in terms of classical concepts from the ecological theory of predator-prey systems, special emphasis is placed on exploring how stoichiometric relationships between primary producers and herbivores influence the stability and persistence of planktonic food webs. The author develops simple dynamic models of the cycling of mineral nutrients through plankton algae and grazers, and then goes on to explore them both analytically and numerically. The results thus obtained are of great interest to both theoretical and experimental ecologists. Moreover, the models themselves are of immense practical use in the area of lake management.
Book Synopsis Pelagic Nutrient Cycles by : Tom Andersen
Download or read book Pelagic Nutrient Cycles written by Tom Andersen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analysis of the interactions between pelagic food web processes and element cycling in lakes. While some findings are examined in terms of classical concepts from the ecological theory of predator-prey systems, special emphasis is placed on exploring how stoichiometric relationships between primary producers and herbivores influence the stability and persistence of planktonic food webs. The author develops simple dynamic models of the cycling of mineral nutrients through plankton algae and grazers, and then goes on to explore them both analytically and numerically. The results thus obtained are of great interest to both theoretical and experimental ecologists. Moreover, the models themselves are of immense practical use in the area of lake management.