U.S. Climate Policy: Change of Power = Change of Heart - New Presidential Order vs. Laws & Actions of the Former President

U.S. Climate Policy: Change of Power = Change of Heart - New Presidential Order vs. Laws & Actions of the Former President

Author: White House

Publisher: e-artnow

Published: 2017-04-06

Total Pages: 149

ISBN-13: 8026876148

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The new climate policy of the United States was introduced when President Donald Trump signed an Executive order on "Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth" on March 28th 2017. This Order completely annulets climate policy of the former President Barack Obama. Get a direct insight in a complete climate policy and plans of Barack Obama, together with the changes made by the new President. This collection will display the straightforward impartial information through the concrete government documents and legislation. Contents: Barack Obama's Climate Policies: Climate and Energy Accomplishment Barack Obama's Climate Action Plan Discretionary Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement to Modernize the Federal Coal Program Executive Orders: Preparing the United States for the Impacts of Climate Change Planning for Federal Sustainability in the Next Decade Presidential Memorandum: Climate Change and National Security Paris Agreement Donald Trump's Climate Policies: Executive Order: Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth Remarks by President Trump at Signing of Executive Order to Create Energy Independence


Book Synopsis U.S. Climate Policy: Change of Power = Change of Heart - New Presidential Order vs. Laws & Actions of the Former President by : White House

Download or read book U.S. Climate Policy: Change of Power = Change of Heart - New Presidential Order vs. Laws & Actions of the Former President written by White House and published by e-artnow. This book was released on 2017-04-06 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new climate policy of the United States was introduced when President Donald Trump signed an Executive order on "Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth" on March 28th 2017. This Order completely annulets climate policy of the former President Barack Obama. Get a direct insight in a complete climate policy and plans of Barack Obama, together with the changes made by the new President. This collection will display the straightforward impartial information through the concrete government documents and legislation. Contents: Barack Obama's Climate Policies: Climate and Energy Accomplishment Barack Obama's Climate Action Plan Discretionary Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement to Modernize the Federal Coal Program Executive Orders: Preparing the United States for the Impacts of Climate Change Planning for Federal Sustainability in the Next Decade Presidential Memorandum: Climate Change and National Security Paris Agreement Donald Trump's Climate Policies: Executive Order: Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth Remarks by President Trump at Signing of Executive Order to Create Energy Independence


US Climate Change Policy

US Climate Change Policy

Author: Professor Christopher J Bailey

Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.

Published: 2015-12-28

Total Pages: 195

ISBN-13: 1409440176

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The United States is often perceived as sceptical, if not hostile, to the need to address man-made climate change. However, a careful examination of the evidence reveals a number of policy actions designed to investigate, mitigate, and adapt to climate change have been implemented. Laws, regulatory action, and court rulings have led to advances in climate science, action to reduce levels of greenhouse gas emissions and efforts to prepare for the potential consequences of climate change. In this important book Chris Bailey explains and details the challenges and achievements of US climate change policy from its origins to the present day.


Book Synopsis US Climate Change Policy by : Professor Christopher J Bailey

Download or read book US Climate Change Policy written by Professor Christopher J Bailey and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2015-12-28 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is often perceived as sceptical, if not hostile, to the need to address man-made climate change. However, a careful examination of the evidence reveals a number of policy actions designed to investigate, mitigate, and adapt to climate change have been implemented. Laws, regulatory action, and court rulings have led to advances in climate science, action to reduce levels of greenhouse gas emissions and efforts to prepare for the potential consequences of climate change. In this important book Chris Bailey explains and details the challenges and achievements of US climate change policy from its origins to the present day.


U.s. Climate Change Regulation and Litigation

U.s. Climate Change Regulation and Litigation

Author: Congressional Research Service

Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform

Published: 2017-04-07

Total Pages: 46

ISBN-13: 9781545218044

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On March 28, 2017, President Trump signed an executive order to encourage and promote energy development by modifying climate change policies. As the Trump Administration implements its environmental policies, various legal challenges to Obama Administration climate change regulations remain pending before courts. During the last term of the Obama Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway and Traffic Safety Administration finalized a series of regulations to address emissions from cars, trucks, and their engines that may contribute to climate change. In addition, EPA finalized regulations pursuant to its authority under the Clean Air Act (CAA) to reduce GHG emissions from stationary sources such as power plants, GHG-emitting oil and gas sources, and landfills. Various stakeholders have challenged a majority of these rules generally contesting the scope of EPA's authority and its methods for regulating GHG emissions. In addition to the CAA, other environmental statutes such as the Endangered Species Act and the National Environmental Policy Act require federal agencies to consider climate change in their actions and decisions. The extent to which agencies may consider climate change effects and rely on predictive models, studies, and assumptions, however, has been challenged in court. Federal agencies are also required to consider the cost of GHG emissions in their rulemakings and environmental reviews. As the Trump Administration implements its policies on climate change, stakeholders may sue to ensure compliance with laws and judicial precedent that require consideration of climate change effects or costs. Climate change litigation may potentially increase as some stakeholders seek to reduce GHG emissions and address climate change effects. In the past, plaintiffs have had little success in using federal common law nuisance claims to force private entities to reduce their GHG emissions or pay damages for alleged injuries caused by their emissions. In 2011, the Supreme Court determined that these claims were displaced when Congress granted EPA authority to regulate GHG emissions under the CAA. If Congress amends the CAA to remove EPA's authority, plaintiffs may seek to reintroduce these common law nuisance claims. However, they will likely face jurisdictional barriers that may be difficult to overcome. Federal courts often do not reach the merits of climate change suits due to threshold procedural and jurisdictional barriers, such as whether a plaintiff or petitioner has the right to bring a lawsuit in the first place or whether the court has jurisdiction over a type of claim. These difficult procedural and jurisdictional barriers are at the center of a recent case claiming that the government has a duty to safeguard certain natural resources for the benefit of the public and that duty compels the government to address climate change. This report will cover a brief history of U.S. climate change regulation; review the different types of regulation and legal actions that have been pursued in the national debate over GHGs; examine selected legal issues and next steps in related litigation; and address what these legal and regulatory developments mean for Congress.


Book Synopsis U.s. Climate Change Regulation and Litigation by : Congressional Research Service

Download or read book U.s. Climate Change Regulation and Litigation written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On March 28, 2017, President Trump signed an executive order to encourage and promote energy development by modifying climate change policies. As the Trump Administration implements its environmental policies, various legal challenges to Obama Administration climate change regulations remain pending before courts. During the last term of the Obama Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway and Traffic Safety Administration finalized a series of regulations to address emissions from cars, trucks, and their engines that may contribute to climate change. In addition, EPA finalized regulations pursuant to its authority under the Clean Air Act (CAA) to reduce GHG emissions from stationary sources such as power plants, GHG-emitting oil and gas sources, and landfills. Various stakeholders have challenged a majority of these rules generally contesting the scope of EPA's authority and its methods for regulating GHG emissions. In addition to the CAA, other environmental statutes such as the Endangered Species Act and the National Environmental Policy Act require federal agencies to consider climate change in their actions and decisions. The extent to which agencies may consider climate change effects and rely on predictive models, studies, and assumptions, however, has been challenged in court. Federal agencies are also required to consider the cost of GHG emissions in their rulemakings and environmental reviews. As the Trump Administration implements its policies on climate change, stakeholders may sue to ensure compliance with laws and judicial precedent that require consideration of climate change effects or costs. Climate change litigation may potentially increase as some stakeholders seek to reduce GHG emissions and address climate change effects. In the past, plaintiffs have had little success in using federal common law nuisance claims to force private entities to reduce their GHG emissions or pay damages for alleged injuries caused by their emissions. In 2011, the Supreme Court determined that these claims were displaced when Congress granted EPA authority to regulate GHG emissions under the CAA. If Congress amends the CAA to remove EPA's authority, plaintiffs may seek to reintroduce these common law nuisance claims. However, they will likely face jurisdictional barriers that may be difficult to overcome. Federal courts often do not reach the merits of climate change suits due to threshold procedural and jurisdictional barriers, such as whether a plaintiff or petitioner has the right to bring a lawsuit in the first place or whether the court has jurisdiction over a type of claim. These difficult procedural and jurisdictional barriers are at the center of a recent case claiming that the government has a duty to safeguard certain natural resources for the benefit of the public and that duty compels the government to address climate change. This report will cover a brief history of U.S. climate change regulation; review the different types of regulation and legal actions that have been pursued in the national debate over GHGs; examine selected legal issues and next steps in related litigation; and address what these legal and regulatory developments mean for Congress.


The Presidents and the Planet

The Presidents and the Planet

Author: Jay Hakes

Publisher: LSU Press

Published: 2024-08-05

Total Pages: 387

ISBN-13: 080718313X

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The Presidents and the Planet recounts the story of the world’s greatest environmental dilemma through the eyes of early climate change pioneers. It begins in the 1950s, when American scientists first warned about the risks of pollution altering the natural climate in dramatic ways, the national media began covering the matter, and experts first offered testimony to congressional committees on the topic. The story ends in the early 1990s, by which time global efforts to confront the challenge were advancing, while political turmoil had begun to undermine U.S. leadership’s ability to address current and future environmental threats. While some early proponents endorsing climate action are well known, many of the major players have gone largely unrecognized. The oceanographer Roger Revelle exerted influence on eight White Houses during his life and even one after his death, when his former student Al Gore assumed the office of vice president. William Nordhaus had already written seminal studies on climate change when President Jimmy Carter appointed him to the Council of Economic Advisors. Four decades later, the Yale professor won the Nobel Prize in economics for his work on the subject. John Chafee, a Republican from Rhode Island, chaired the Senate’s first committee on the problem and provided concrete solutions to face the dangers of a warming planet during the Reagan administration. The drama reached a full pitch during the George H. W. Bush years, as vocal advocates for climate action and staunch foes of government regulation wrestled over the direction of U.S. energy and environmental policy. To better trace the evolving climate debate in America, author Jay Hakes inspected the archives and writings of prominent scientists and the pivotal reports of the National Academy of Sciences, and traveled to presidential libraries to discover how commanders-in-chief and their science, economic, and political advisors addressed the issue. The Presidents and the Planet affords fresh perspectives that will alter the public’s understanding of when officials first grasped the dire consequences of climate change.


Book Synopsis The Presidents and the Planet by : Jay Hakes

Download or read book The Presidents and the Planet written by Jay Hakes and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2024-08-05 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Presidents and the Planet recounts the story of the world’s greatest environmental dilemma through the eyes of early climate change pioneers. It begins in the 1950s, when American scientists first warned about the risks of pollution altering the natural climate in dramatic ways, the national media began covering the matter, and experts first offered testimony to congressional committees on the topic. The story ends in the early 1990s, by which time global efforts to confront the challenge were advancing, while political turmoil had begun to undermine U.S. leadership’s ability to address current and future environmental threats. While some early proponents endorsing climate action are well known, many of the major players have gone largely unrecognized. The oceanographer Roger Revelle exerted influence on eight White Houses during his life and even one after his death, when his former student Al Gore assumed the office of vice president. William Nordhaus had already written seminal studies on climate change when President Jimmy Carter appointed him to the Council of Economic Advisors. Four decades later, the Yale professor won the Nobel Prize in economics for his work on the subject. John Chafee, a Republican from Rhode Island, chaired the Senate’s first committee on the problem and provided concrete solutions to face the dangers of a warming planet during the Reagan administration. The drama reached a full pitch during the George H. W. Bush years, as vocal advocates for climate action and staunch foes of government regulation wrestled over the direction of U.S. energy and environmental policy. To better trace the evolving climate debate in America, author Jay Hakes inspected the archives and writings of prominent scientists and the pivotal reports of the National Academy of Sciences, and traveled to presidential libraries to discover how commanders-in-chief and their science, economic, and political advisors addressed the issue. The Presidents and the Planet affords fresh perspectives that will alter the public’s understanding of when officials first grasped the dire consequences of climate change.


The 100 Day Action Plan to Save the Planet

The 100 Day Action Plan to Save the Planet

Author: William S. Becker

Publisher: St. Martin's Griffin

Published: 2008-11-11

Total Pages: 128

ISBN-13: 1429953578

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When the 44th President of the United States is elected, he will face urgent crises on three major fronts: the American economy, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the growing threat to the world environment caused by climate change. This short, powerful book shows the way forward: a clear action plan for the new President's first 100 days, that if implemented will set America on course for dynamic job creation and economic growth, reduce our conflicted dependence on foreign oil, and produce energy that is green, affordable, and renewable. Backed by sound science and based on the best ideas of America's experts, The 100 Day Action Plan to Save the Planet outlines practical steps that include: *Launch a "clean energy surge" and create a powerful new workforce of green manufacturing, supply, technology, management, and support jobs. *End carbon subsidies that make fossil fuels much cheaper than their actual cost. *Create a market by requiring all federal buildings, facilities, and transportation to be fueled by renewable green energy. *Reward innovation and early adoption of renewable energy in the private sector. * Work constructively with other nations for global solutions to the climate crisis. It's not too late; climate change can be dramatically reversed. Green energy is the key to America's economic strength and independence—but the nation needs the president to act boldly and decisively, just as Franklin Delano Roosevelt did in his first 100 days in office, during a time of similar urgency.


Book Synopsis The 100 Day Action Plan to Save the Planet by : William S. Becker

Download or read book The 100 Day Action Plan to Save the Planet written by William S. Becker and published by St. Martin's Griffin. This book was released on 2008-11-11 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the 44th President of the United States is elected, he will face urgent crises on three major fronts: the American economy, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and the growing threat to the world environment caused by climate change. This short, powerful book shows the way forward: a clear action plan for the new President's first 100 days, that if implemented will set America on course for dynamic job creation and economic growth, reduce our conflicted dependence on foreign oil, and produce energy that is green, affordable, and renewable. Backed by sound science and based on the best ideas of America's experts, The 100 Day Action Plan to Save the Planet outlines practical steps that include: *Launch a "clean energy surge" and create a powerful new workforce of green manufacturing, supply, technology, management, and support jobs. *End carbon subsidies that make fossil fuels much cheaper than their actual cost. *Create a market by requiring all federal buildings, facilities, and transportation to be fueled by renewable green energy. *Reward innovation and early adoption of renewable energy in the private sector. * Work constructively with other nations for global solutions to the climate crisis. It's not too late; climate change can be dramatically reversed. Green energy is the key to America's economic strength and independence—but the nation needs the president to act boldly and decisively, just as Franklin Delano Roosevelt did in his first 100 days in office, during a time of similar urgency.


The White House Global Climate Change Initiative and Congressional Review Act Implementation

The White House Global Climate Change Initiative and Congressional Review Act Implementation

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Subcommittee on National Economic Growth, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs

Publisher:

Published: 1999

Total Pages: 168

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis The White House Global Climate Change Initiative and Congressional Review Act Implementation by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Subcommittee on National Economic Growth, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs

Download or read book The White House Global Climate Change Initiative and Congressional Review Act Implementation written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Subcommittee on National Economic Growth, Natural Resources, and Regulatory Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:


President Obama's Climate Action Plan

President Obama's Climate Action Plan

Author: Shane N. Blake

Publisher:

Published: 2014-05-14

Total Pages: 109

ISBN-13: 9781628088649

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On June 25, 2013, President Obama announced a national plan to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHG), as well as to encourage adaptation to expected climate change. The President affirmed his commitment to his 2009 policy pledge to reduce U.S. GHG emissions by 17% below 2005 levels by 2020 if all other major economies agreed to limit their emissions as well. In 2011, the United States' gross GHG emissions were approximately 7% below their 2005 levels. The President stated a willingness to work with Congress toward enacting a bipartisan, market-based scheme to reduce GHG emissions. The President's Climate Action Plan lays out a series of measures in three categories: 1) cut carbon pollution in America, 2) prepare the United States for the impacts of climate change and 3) lead international efforts to address global climate change. Many measures included in the Climate Action Plan have been underway. The plan specifies few timelines or metrics for evaluating progress of individual measures beyond national aggregate or sectoral GHG emissions or energy efficiency. The centerpiece of the President's announcement arguably is a Presidential Memorandum, also issued June 25, that directs EPA to issue two types of rules to curtail carbon dioxide emissions from new and existing power plants before the end of his term. This book provides an overview of President Obama's Climate Action Plan, with a focus on key elements and analyses.


Book Synopsis President Obama's Climate Action Plan by : Shane N. Blake

Download or read book President Obama's Climate Action Plan written by Shane N. Blake and published by . This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On June 25, 2013, President Obama announced a national plan to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHG), as well as to encourage adaptation to expected climate change. The President affirmed his commitment to his 2009 policy pledge to reduce U.S. GHG emissions by 17% below 2005 levels by 2020 if all other major economies agreed to limit their emissions as well. In 2011, the United States' gross GHG emissions were approximately 7% below their 2005 levels. The President stated a willingness to work with Congress toward enacting a bipartisan, market-based scheme to reduce GHG emissions. The President's Climate Action Plan lays out a series of measures in three categories: 1) cut carbon pollution in America, 2) prepare the United States for the impacts of climate change and 3) lead international efforts to address global climate change. Many measures included in the Climate Action Plan have been underway. The plan specifies few timelines or metrics for evaluating progress of individual measures beyond national aggregate or sectoral GHG emissions or energy efficiency. The centerpiece of the President's announcement arguably is a Presidential Memorandum, also issued June 25, that directs EPA to issue two types of rules to curtail carbon dioxide emissions from new and existing power plants before the end of his term. This book provides an overview of President Obama's Climate Action Plan, with a focus on key elements and analyses.


The Politics of Climate Change under President Obama

The Politics of Climate Change under President Obama

Author: Hugh Atkinson

Publisher: Routledge

Published: 2017-10-31

Total Pages: 120

ISBN-13: 1317086406

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The last two decades have witnessed an ever growing partisan divide in US politics over climate change and global warming. Significant elements in the Republican Party became openly hostile to the scientific evidence and, following the election of George W. Bush, legislative action at the federal level effectively ground to a halt. This opened up space at the state and local level to develop climate change policies with cities such as Chicago, San Francisco and New York implementing a number of initiatives that brought real and substantive developments. The election of Barack Obama in 2008 seemed to open new possibilities for federal and global leadership once more and whilst the Obama administration has been criticised for a somewhat contradictory approach to the issue at times, there were nonetheless a number of substantive policy developments. Through a substantive and detailed analysis of the politics of climate change, this book places the evolution of US climate policy within broader debates on the nature of politics in the US and argues that there exists a latent potential, often obscured by the complexities of its political system, for America to act as a world leader on the issue. This work will appeal particularly to students and scholars in American Politics, but will also prove useful to those in the fields of general Politics, climate change, sustainability, and environmental studies.


Book Synopsis The Politics of Climate Change under President Obama by : Hugh Atkinson

Download or read book The Politics of Climate Change under President Obama written by Hugh Atkinson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have witnessed an ever growing partisan divide in US politics over climate change and global warming. Significant elements in the Republican Party became openly hostile to the scientific evidence and, following the election of George W. Bush, legislative action at the federal level effectively ground to a halt. This opened up space at the state and local level to develop climate change policies with cities such as Chicago, San Francisco and New York implementing a number of initiatives that brought real and substantive developments. The election of Barack Obama in 2008 seemed to open new possibilities for federal and global leadership once more and whilst the Obama administration has been criticised for a somewhat contradictory approach to the issue at times, there were nonetheless a number of substantive policy developments. Through a substantive and detailed analysis of the politics of climate change, this book places the evolution of US climate policy within broader debates on the nature of politics in the US and argues that there exists a latent potential, often obscured by the complexities of its political system, for America to act as a world leader on the issue. This work will appeal particularly to students and scholars in American Politics, but will also prove useful to those in the fields of general Politics, climate change, sustainability, and environmental studies.


Climate Change Policy in the United States

Climate Change Policy in the United States

Author: Dianne Rahm

Publisher: McFarland

Published: 2009-10-23

Total Pages: 227

ISBN-13: 0786442999

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This overview of global warming and its human causes examines the international agreements regarding climate change and the U.S. response to those agreements, as well as key provisions of the Kyoto Protocol, to explain the difficulties of any subsequent treaties. Framing the scientific debate against moral, ethical, and religious considerations, the book offers potential solutions. The book includes seven maps and tables, notes, bibliography, and index.


Book Synopsis Climate Change Policy in the United States by : Dianne Rahm

Download or read book Climate Change Policy in the United States written by Dianne Rahm and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2009-10-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview of global warming and its human causes examines the international agreements regarding climate change and the U.S. response to those agreements, as well as key provisions of the Kyoto Protocol, to explain the difficulties of any subsequent treaties. Framing the scientific debate against moral, ethical, and religious considerations, the book offers potential solutions. The book includes seven maps and tables, notes, bibliography, and index.


Climate Change Politics and Policies in America [2 volumes]

Climate Change Politics and Policies in America [2 volumes]

Author: Jerald C. Mast

Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA

Published: 2018-11-09

Total Pages: 632

ISBN-13: 144085971X

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This collection of primary sources, illuminated by extensive contextual analysis, provides a comprehensive and balanced survey of the evolution of global climate change policies and politics in the United States. This extensive collection of primary documents examines the history of climate science; various policy prescriptions for addressing the effects of climate change; political fault lines with respect to international efforts to address global warming; claims regarding the influence of industry groups and environmental "radicals" on climate policy and science; and the impact of climate change on other policy areas such as public health, energy, economic development, and wilderness conservation. The set includes excerpts from important scientific papers and government reports, political speeches from presidents and other influential lawmakers, perspectives from environmental activists and conservative think-tanks, editorial essays from leading media figures, provisions of major laws, and more. Together, these documents provide a broad range of perspectives, from scientific fields as well as from political and ideological standpoints that have emerged in response to the debate surrounding climate change. They offer readers a greater understanding of the arguments not only of lawmakers, activists, and scientists leading efforts to fight, mitigate, and adapt to climate change but also of those skeptical of climate change.


Book Synopsis Climate Change Politics and Policies in America [2 volumes] by : Jerald C. Mast

Download or read book Climate Change Politics and Policies in America [2 volumes] written by Jerald C. Mast and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of primary sources, illuminated by extensive contextual analysis, provides a comprehensive and balanced survey of the evolution of global climate change policies and politics in the United States. This extensive collection of primary documents examines the history of climate science; various policy prescriptions for addressing the effects of climate change; political fault lines with respect to international efforts to address global warming; claims regarding the influence of industry groups and environmental "radicals" on climate policy and science; and the impact of climate change on other policy areas such as public health, energy, economic development, and wilderness conservation. The set includes excerpts from important scientific papers and government reports, political speeches from presidents and other influential lawmakers, perspectives from environmental activists and conservative think-tanks, editorial essays from leading media figures, provisions of major laws, and more. Together, these documents provide a broad range of perspectives, from scientific fields as well as from political and ideological standpoints that have emerged in response to the debate surrounding climate change. They offer readers a greater understanding of the arguments not only of lawmakers, activists, and scientists leading efforts to fight, mitigate, and adapt to climate change but also of those skeptical of climate change.