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Book Synopsis Vision Impairment Among Older Americans by : United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging
Download or read book Vision Impairment Among Older Americans written by United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
The ability to see deeply affects how human beings perceive and interpret the world around them. For most people, eyesight is part of everyday communication, social activities, educational and professional pursuits, the care of others, and the maintenance of personal health, independence, and mobility. Functioning eyes and vision system can reduce an adult's risk of chronic health conditions, death, falls and injuries, social isolation, depression, and other psychological problems. In children, properly maintained eye and vision health contributes to a child's social development, academic achievement, and better health across the lifespan. The public generally recognizes its reliance on sight and fears its loss, but emphasis on eye and vision health, in general, has not been integrated into daily life to the same extent as other health promotion activities, such as teeth brushing; hand washing; physical and mental exercise; and various injury prevention behaviors. A larger population health approach is needed to engage a wide range of stakeholders in coordinated efforts that can sustain the scope of behavior change. The shaping of socioeconomic environments can eventually lead to new social norms that promote eye and vision health. Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow proposes a new population-centered framework to guide action and coordination among various, and sometimes competing, stakeholders in pursuit of improved eye and vision health and health equity in the United States. Building on the momentum of previous public health efforts, this report also introduces a model for action that highlights different levels of prevention activities across a range of stakeholders and provides specific examples of how population health strategies can be translated into cohesive areas for action at federal, state, and local levels.
Book Synopsis Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-01-15 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability to see deeply affects how human beings perceive and interpret the world around them. For most people, eyesight is part of everyday communication, social activities, educational and professional pursuits, the care of others, and the maintenance of personal health, independence, and mobility. Functioning eyes and vision system can reduce an adult's risk of chronic health conditions, death, falls and injuries, social isolation, depression, and other psychological problems. In children, properly maintained eye and vision health contributes to a child's social development, academic achievement, and better health across the lifespan. The public generally recognizes its reliance on sight and fears its loss, but emphasis on eye and vision health, in general, has not been integrated into daily life to the same extent as other health promotion activities, such as teeth brushing; hand washing; physical and mental exercise; and various injury prevention behaviors. A larger population health approach is needed to engage a wide range of stakeholders in coordinated efforts that can sustain the scope of behavior change. The shaping of socioeconomic environments can eventually lead to new social norms that promote eye and vision health. Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow proposes a new population-centered framework to guide action and coordination among various, and sometimes competing, stakeholders in pursuit of improved eye and vision health and health equity in the United States. Building on the momentum of previous public health efforts, this report also introduces a model for action that highlights different levels of prevention activities across a range of stakeholders and provides specific examples of how population health strategies can be translated into cohesive areas for action at federal, state, and local levels.
Vision Loss in an Aging Society is a thoughtful and challenging overview that integrates practice and policy issues relating to aging and visual impairment. It reflects the perspectives of leading experts in the fields of vision rehabilitation and aging. This essential reference outlines the critical components of public policy changes urgently needed in view of demographic trends and is an invaluable resource for university instructors as well as for professionals in the fields of low vision, social work, geriatric medicine, rehabilitation, occupational therapy, and public health.
Book Synopsis Vision Loss in an Aging Society by : John E. Crews
Download or read book Vision Loss in an Aging Society written by John E. Crews and published by American Foundation for the Blind. This book was released on 2000 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision Loss in an Aging Society is a thoughtful and challenging overview that integrates practice and policy issues relating to aging and visual impairment. It reflects the perspectives of leading experts in the fields of vision rehabilitation and aging. This essential reference outlines the critical components of public policy changes urgently needed in view of demographic trends and is an invaluable resource for university instructors as well as for professionals in the fields of low vision, social work, geriatric medicine, rehabilitation, occupational therapy, and public health.
Book Synopsis Vision Impairment Among Older Americans by : United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging
Download or read book Vision Impairment Among Older Americans written by United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
This overview of the service delivery systems in the aging and blindness fields covers the essential issues concerning vision loss among older persons in this country, the growth of visual impairment among the increasing number of elderly people in the United States, and the policy and service questions that will demand national attention throughout this and the coming decade.
Book Synopsis Vision and Aging by : Alberta L. Orr
Download or read book Vision and Aging written by Alberta L. Orr and published by American Foundation for the Blind. This book was released on 1992 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This overview of the service delivery systems in the aging and blindness fields covers the essential issues concerning vision loss among older persons in this country, the growth of visual impairment among the increasing number of elderly people in the United States, and the policy and service questions that will demand national attention throughout this and the coming decade.
Book Synopsis Meeting the Needs of Blind and Visually Impaired Older Americans by :
Download or read book Meeting the Needs of Blind and Visually Impaired Older Americans written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
A new essential curriculum on aging and vision loss designed to provide vital information for university programs in gerontology and related areas, and in-service training as well. Seven clearly written, easy-to-use modules cover such vital topics as the eye and vision, psychosocial issues related to vision loss, impact on the family, community resources and services, collaboration efforts between the aging and vision fields, current trends, and in-service delivery. Issues in Aging and Vision is an invaluable information resource for university training programs and organizations and community agencies serving older persons.
Book Synopsis Issues in Aging and Vision by : Alberta L. Orr
Download or read book Issues in Aging and Vision written by Alberta L. Orr and published by American Foundation for the Blind. This book was released on 1998 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new essential curriculum on aging and vision loss designed to provide vital information for university programs in gerontology and related areas, and in-service training as well. Seven clearly written, easy-to-use modules cover such vital topics as the eye and vision, psychosocial issues related to vision loss, impact on the family, community resources and services, collaboration efforts between the aging and vision fields, current trends, and in-service delivery. Issues in Aging and Vision is an invaluable information resource for university training programs and organizations and community agencies serving older persons.
It is estimated that by the year 2020 there will be 4.6 million persons who are elderly and blind or severely visually impaired. Vision loss in the elderly is a common problem but is frequently unaddressed. The affected often do not know where or when to go for help and care providers are sometimes equally uninformed. Vision and Aging responds to the needs of this growing population and provides the knowledge and tools necessary to increase the number and accessibility of services available to the visually impaired elderly. This comprehensive book addresses many areas of concern, including the current service network and its existing gaps and the public policy agenda necessary for better meeting the needs of persons who are elderly and visually impaired. With proper care and rehabilitation, many of these elderly can lead active, independent, and productive lives. Social workers and allied professionals will discover what resources are currently available and how to make sure their clients are able to explore the full range of opportunities open to them. Specific strategies to identify, reach, and serve the population are recommended, and changes to improve both public policy and the care system in general are addressed. With its thorough treatment of the subject, including chapters on measurement of rehabilitation outcomes, descriptions of service delivery models, a vision screening questionnaire, and elders'reactions to vision loss, Vision and Aging will be valuable reading for everyone involved in working with the visually impaired elderly. Students, agency administrators and staff, and public policy decision makers are among those from fields such as medicine, health promotion, aging, and rehabilitation who will find useful and practical information in this enlightening book.
Book Synopsis Vision and Aging by : Nancy D. Weber
Download or read book Vision and Aging written by Nancy D. Weber and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that by the year 2020 there will be 4.6 million persons who are elderly and blind or severely visually impaired. Vision loss in the elderly is a common problem but is frequently unaddressed. The affected often do not know where or when to go for help and care providers are sometimes equally uninformed. Vision and Aging responds to the needs of this growing population and provides the knowledge and tools necessary to increase the number and accessibility of services available to the visually impaired elderly. This comprehensive book addresses many areas of concern, including the current service network and its existing gaps and the public policy agenda necessary for better meeting the needs of persons who are elderly and visually impaired. With proper care and rehabilitation, many of these elderly can lead active, independent, and productive lives. Social workers and allied professionals will discover what resources are currently available and how to make sure their clients are able to explore the full range of opportunities open to them. Specific strategies to identify, reach, and serve the population are recommended, and changes to improve both public policy and the care system in general are addressed. With its thorough treatment of the subject, including chapters on measurement of rehabilitation outcomes, descriptions of service delivery models, a vision screening questionnaire, and elders'reactions to vision loss, Vision and Aging will be valuable reading for everyone involved in working with the visually impaired elderly. Students, agency administrators and staff, and public policy decision makers are among those from fields such as medicine, health promotion, aging, and rehabilitation who will find useful and practical information in this enlightening book.
The aim of this three-paper format dissertation is to explore three topics relevant to public health and vision loss. The three papers are independent studies, yet build upon each other by first describing the population of people aged 40 years and older in the United States in terms of visual impairment, diagnosed eye disease/ injury, and their use of eye care, and then next exploring the factors that influence eye care use for both the general population and the subpopulation of people with diagnosed diabetes. The first paper provides a state-level examination of the characteristics of people aged 40 years and older with vision loss, self-reported eye diseases associated with aging, eye health care access, and eye health behaviors for four states that utilized the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Visual Impairment and Access to Eye Care Module and Diabetes Module in 2007. The second and third papers examined three years of BRFSS data from the 11 states that implemented both modules in order to predict non-use of eye care based upon vision loss, diagnosed eye disease, and social demographic characteristics including possession of eye health insurance; however, the third paper focused on the subpopulation of people with diabetes by including diabetes management habits as an additional predictor of eye-care use. Results from the first paper indicate variations in prevalence of eye disease and visual impairment and use of eye care by age and race with rates of eye disease increasing with age; glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy most prevalent in blacks and Hispanics; macular degeneration most prevalent in whites; and use of eye care increasing with diagnosis of eye disease, possession of eye-care insurance, and increasing income. Results from the second study indicate that the strongest predictor of non-use was having no history of diagnosed eye disease, followed closely by not having insurance, and then by having a mid-range household income ($25,000-$35,000). Similar results were revealed for the subpopulation of people with diabetes, with certain positive diabetes management behaviors aiding the prediction of non-use. Implications for public health practice, health policy reform, public policy development, and educational programs are discussed.
Book Synopsis Visual Impairment and Eye Care Among Older Americans by : Amy L. Freeland
Download or read book Visual Impairment and Eye Care Among Older Americans written by Amy L. Freeland and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this three-paper format dissertation is to explore three topics relevant to public health and vision loss. The three papers are independent studies, yet build upon each other by first describing the population of people aged 40 years and older in the United States in terms of visual impairment, diagnosed eye disease/ injury, and their use of eye care, and then next exploring the factors that influence eye care use for both the general population and the subpopulation of people with diagnosed diabetes. The first paper provides a state-level examination of the characteristics of people aged 40 years and older with vision loss, self-reported eye diseases associated with aging, eye health care access, and eye health behaviors for four states that utilized the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), Visual Impairment and Access to Eye Care Module and Diabetes Module in 2007. The second and third papers examined three years of BRFSS data from the 11 states that implemented both modules in order to predict non-use of eye care based upon vision loss, diagnosed eye disease, and social demographic characteristics including possession of eye health insurance; however, the third paper focused on the subpopulation of people with diabetes by including diabetes management habits as an additional predictor of eye-care use. Results from the first paper indicate variations in prevalence of eye disease and visual impairment and use of eye care by age and race with rates of eye disease increasing with age; glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy most prevalent in blacks and Hispanics; macular degeneration most prevalent in whites; and use of eye care increasing with diagnosis of eye disease, possession of eye-care insurance, and increasing income. Results from the second study indicate that the strongest predictor of non-use was having no history of diagnosed eye disease, followed closely by not having insurance, and then by having a mid-range household income ($25,000-$35,000). Similar results were revealed for the subpopulation of people with diabetes, with certain positive diabetes management behaviors aiding the prediction of non-use. Implications for public health practice, health policy reform, public policy development, and educational programs are discussed.
Background Visual disorders are estimated to affect about 3.6% of Americans by 2020. Vision impairment has a substantial impact on individuals functionally. Vision impairment is associated with many comorbidities, functional limitations, as well as higher caregiving needs. This study aims to assess the transition to self-reported vision impairment and the effect on an individual's functionality and ability to live independently. Methods The Health and Retirement Study is an ongoing, biennial survey of older Americans that collects an abundance of data on an individual's family, health, and financial circumstances. The explanatory variable of interest was a dichotomous variable of vision impaired or not vision impaired as defined by their self-reported vision status. Outcomes studied were functional limitations defined as difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), likelihood of move to nursing home, and both informal and formal caregiving needs. Descriptive univariate and bivariate statistics were performed to describe the demographics of the sample over the ten waves of data used, from 1995-2012. Multivariable logistic regressions controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, were performed to test the association between vision status and outcomes of interest for specific representative waves. Panel data methods of logistic regression were used to measure the association between a transition to impaired vision and the effect on functional limitations and nursing home residence while controlling for potential confounders and within-patient correlation. Specifically, mixed-effects logistic regressions with subject-level random-effects were conducted for the binary outcomes of nursing home residence, difficulty in performing at least one ADL, and difficulty in performing at least one IADL. Results The prevalence of overall vision impairment was, on average, about 6%. On average, about 5% and 7% of respondents had near and distal vision impairment, respectively. The overall prevalence of nursing home residence in our sample was approximately 2%. Prevalence of ADL and IADL limitations was stable across waves but ranged from 1%-20% for each of the six ADL and five IADL limitations. More respondents reported receiving informal caregiving versus formal caregiving; however the hours of caregiving received was similar for both formal and informal caregiving recipients. Multivariable logistic regression for three representative waves found numerically higher odds of a nursing home residence for vision impaired individuals compared to individuals with no vision impairment, though the difference was not significant. The odds ratios for 1998, 2006, and 2012 were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.84), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.86), and 1.22 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.97), respectively. Significant associations were found between vision impairment and functional limitations. Using a similar approach, the odds ratio for difficulty performing at least one ADL was 2.57 (95% CI: 2.16, 3.05), 2.37 (95% CI: 1.97, 2.84), and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.92, 2.77) in 1998, 2006, and 2012, respectively. The odds ratios for difficulty performing at least one IADL was 3.78 (95% CI: 3.15, 4.53), 3.94 (95% CI: 3.26, 4.76), and 3.49 (95% CI: 2.89, 4.22) in 1998, 2006, and 2012, respectively. In the mixed-effects logistic regression of the total study panel, a transition from no vision impairment to vision impairment was significantly associated with 1.37 times higher odds of a nursing home residence (95% CI: 1.05, 1.78), a 2.96 times higher odds of difficulty performing at least one ADL (95% CI: 2.71, 3.24), and a 4.02 times higher odds of difficulty performing at least one IADL (95% CI: 3.70, 4.37), after controlling for confounders. Discussion We found the estimated prevalence of visual impairment and functional limitations within our sample, and the association between the two, to remain relatively stable over time. Additionally, we found an age-adjusted transition to self-reported vision impairment within an individual to have significant detrimental effects on the ability to live independently and perform ADLs and IADLs without difficulty. Thus, prevention of this transition can substantially impact an individual???s quality of life, and benefits derived from early detection and improved treatment of medical conditions that contribute to vision loss can have extensive value beyond simply improving vision.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Burden of Worsening Self-reported Vision in Older Americans Using the Health and Retirement Study by : Vanessa Shih
Download or read book Assessing the Burden of Worsening Self-reported Vision in Older Americans Using the Health and Retirement Study written by Vanessa Shih and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Visual disorders are estimated to affect about 3.6% of Americans by 2020. Vision impairment has a substantial impact on individuals functionally. Vision impairment is associated with many comorbidities, functional limitations, as well as higher caregiving needs. This study aims to assess the transition to self-reported vision impairment and the effect on an individual's functionality and ability to live independently. Methods The Health and Retirement Study is an ongoing, biennial survey of older Americans that collects an abundance of data on an individual's family, health, and financial circumstances. The explanatory variable of interest was a dichotomous variable of vision impaired or not vision impaired as defined by their self-reported vision status. Outcomes studied were functional limitations defined as difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), likelihood of move to nursing home, and both informal and formal caregiving needs. Descriptive univariate and bivariate statistics were performed to describe the demographics of the sample over the ten waves of data used, from 1995-2012. Multivariable logistic regressions controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, were performed to test the association between vision status and outcomes of interest for specific representative waves. Panel data methods of logistic regression were used to measure the association between a transition to impaired vision and the effect on functional limitations and nursing home residence while controlling for potential confounders and within-patient correlation. Specifically, mixed-effects logistic regressions with subject-level random-effects were conducted for the binary outcomes of nursing home residence, difficulty in performing at least one ADL, and difficulty in performing at least one IADL. Results The prevalence of overall vision impairment was, on average, about 6%. On average, about 5% and 7% of respondents had near and distal vision impairment, respectively. The overall prevalence of nursing home residence in our sample was approximately 2%. Prevalence of ADL and IADL limitations was stable across waves but ranged from 1%-20% for each of the six ADL and five IADL limitations. More respondents reported receiving informal caregiving versus formal caregiving; however the hours of caregiving received was similar for both formal and informal caregiving recipients. Multivariable logistic regression for three representative waves found numerically higher odds of a nursing home residence for vision impaired individuals compared to individuals with no vision impairment, though the difference was not significant. The odds ratios for 1998, 2006, and 2012 were 1.08 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.84), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.86), and 1.22 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.97), respectively. Significant associations were found between vision impairment and functional limitations. Using a similar approach, the odds ratio for difficulty performing at least one ADL was 2.57 (95% CI: 2.16, 3.05), 2.37 (95% CI: 1.97, 2.84), and 2.31 (95% CI: 1.92, 2.77) in 1998, 2006, and 2012, respectively. The odds ratios for difficulty performing at least one IADL was 3.78 (95% CI: 3.15, 4.53), 3.94 (95% CI: 3.26, 4.76), and 3.49 (95% CI: 2.89, 4.22) in 1998, 2006, and 2012, respectively. In the mixed-effects logistic regression of the total study panel, a transition from no vision impairment to vision impairment was significantly associated with 1.37 times higher odds of a nursing home residence (95% CI: 1.05, 1.78), a 2.96 times higher odds of difficulty performing at least one ADL (95% CI: 2.71, 3.24), and a 4.02 times higher odds of difficulty performing at least one IADL (95% CI: 3.70, 4.37), after controlling for confounders. Discussion We found the estimated prevalence of visual impairment and functional limitations within our sample, and the association between the two, to remain relatively stable over time. Additionally, we found an age-adjusted transition to self-reported vision impairment within an individual to have significant detrimental effects on the ability to live independently and perform ADLs and IADLs without difficulty. Thus, prevention of this transition can substantially impact an individual???s quality of life, and benefits derived from early detection and improved treatment of medical conditions that contribute to vision loss can have extensive value beyond simply improving vision.
