Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health

Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health

Author: William M. Adams

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2020-04-16

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 3039286560

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The purpose of this Special Issue, “Water Intake, Body Water Regulation, and Health”, is to present novel reviews and experimental data regarding hydration physiology and its implication in overall health. Water has previously been dubbed the forgotten nutrient due to humans’ and animals’ ability to subsist seemingly unchanged across a wide range of daily water intakes. However, with the introduction of stressors such as exercise, diseased states, and/or chronic high or low water intake, the homeostatic signals related to body water regulation can influence organ and whole-body health. This Special Issue will discuss water intake, the scientific rationale surrounding the U.S. and European water intake guidelines, homeostatic mechanisms, diseases related to dysfunction of water regulation, and differences in the volume and the vehicle in which the water is contained (i.e., plain water versus mixed beverages) on water intake during and following exercise. The aim is to continue discussion surrounding water, the previously forgotten nutrient, and highlight the importance of water in daily life.


Book Synopsis Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health by : William M. Adams

Download or read book Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health written by William M. Adams and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this Special Issue, “Water Intake, Body Water Regulation, and Health”, is to present novel reviews and experimental data regarding hydration physiology and its implication in overall health. Water has previously been dubbed the forgotten nutrient due to humans’ and animals’ ability to subsist seemingly unchanged across a wide range of daily water intakes. However, with the introduction of stressors such as exercise, diseased states, and/or chronic high or low water intake, the homeostatic signals related to body water regulation can influence organ and whole-body health. This Special Issue will discuss water intake, the scientific rationale surrounding the U.S. and European water intake guidelines, homeostatic mechanisms, diseases related to dysfunction of water regulation, and differences in the volume and the vehicle in which the water is contained (i.e., plain water versus mixed beverages) on water intake during and following exercise. The aim is to continue discussion surrounding water, the previously forgotten nutrient, and highlight the importance of water in daily life.

Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health

Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health

Author: William M. Adams

Publisher:

Published: 2020

Total Pages: 184

ISBN-13: 9783039286577

DOWNLOAD EBOOK

The purpose of this Special Issue, “Water Intake, Body Water Regulation, and Health”, is to present novel reviews and experimental data regarding hydration physiology and its implication in overall health. Water has previously been dubbed the forgotten nutrient due to humans' and animals' ability to subsist seemingly unchanged across a wide range of daily water intakes. However, with the introduction of stressors such as exercise, diseased states, and/or chronic high or low water intake, the homeostatic signals related to body water regulation can influence organ and whole-body health. This Special Issue will discuss water intake, the scientific rationale surrounding the U.S. and European water intake guidelines, homeostatic mechanisms, diseases related to dysfunction of water regulation, and differences in the volume and the vehicle in which the water is contained (i.e., plain water versus mixed beverages) on water intake during and following exercise. The aim is to continue discussion surrounding water, the previously forgotten nutrient, and highlight the importance of water in daily life.


Book Synopsis Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health by : William M. Adams

Download or read book Water Intake, Body Water Regulation and Health written by William M. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this Special Issue, “Water Intake, Body Water Regulation, and Health”, is to present novel reviews and experimental data regarding hydration physiology and its implication in overall health. Water has previously been dubbed the forgotten nutrient due to humans' and animals' ability to subsist seemingly unchanged across a wide range of daily water intakes. However, with the introduction of stressors such as exercise, diseased states, and/or chronic high or low water intake, the homeostatic signals related to body water regulation can influence organ and whole-body health. This Special Issue will discuss water intake, the scientific rationale surrounding the U.S. and European water intake guidelines, homeostatic mechanisms, diseases related to dysfunction of water regulation, and differences in the volume and the vehicle in which the water is contained (i.e., plain water versus mixed beverages) on water intake during and following exercise. The aim is to continue discussion surrounding water, the previously forgotten nutrient, and highlight the importance of water in daily life.

Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

Author: Institute of Medicine

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2005-06-18

Total Pages: 639

ISBN-13: 0309091586

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.


Book Synopsis Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-06-18 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.

Fluid Balance, Hydration, and Athletic Performance

Fluid Balance, Hydration, and Athletic Performance

Author: Flavia Meyer

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2016-01-06

Total Pages: 449

ISBN-13: 1482223317

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Athletes and nonathletes frequently consume too little water or fluids, affecting exercise performance as well as overall health. This book comprehensively reviews the aspects relating to body fluid balance, rehydration, and physical exercise. It provides background on body water balance and turnover, topics related to electrolyte balance, and sweating as the basis for thermoregulatory and fluid homeostasis during exercise. In addition, chapters cover body water balance evaluation and regulation; cardiovascular and metabolic responses to fluid imbalance; effects of dehydration on aerobic power, muscle strength, and cognitive function; fluid intake timing; and optimal beverage selection.


Book Synopsis Fluid Balance, Hydration, and Athletic Performance by : Flavia Meyer

Download or read book Fluid Balance, Hydration, and Athletic Performance written by Flavia Meyer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Athletes and nonathletes frequently consume too little water or fluids, affecting exercise performance as well as overall health. This book comprehensively reviews the aspects relating to body fluid balance, rehydration, and physical exercise. It provides background on body water balance and turnover, topics related to electrolyte balance, and sweating as the basis for thermoregulatory and fluid homeostasis during exercise. In addition, chapters cover body water balance evaluation and regulation; cardiovascular and metabolic responses to fluid imbalance; effects of dehydration on aerobic power, muscle strength, and cognitive function; fluid intake timing; and optimal beverage selection.

Anatomy & Physiology

Anatomy & Physiology

Author: Lindsay Biga

Publisher:

Published: 2019-09-26

Total Pages:

ISBN-13: 9781955101158

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A version of the OpenStax text


Book Synopsis Anatomy & Physiology by : Lindsay Biga

Download or read book Anatomy & Physiology written by Lindsay Biga and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A version of the OpenStax text

Drinking Water Quality and Human Health

Drinking Water Quality and Human Health

Author: Patrick Levallois

Publisher: MDPI

Published: 2019-04-04

Total Pages: 374

ISBN-13: 3038977268

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The quality of drinking water is paramount for public health. Despite important improvements in the last decades, access to safe drinking water is not universal. The World Health Organization estimates that almost 10% of the population in the world do not have access to improved drinking water sources. Among other diseases, waterborne infections cause diarrhea, which kills nearly one million people every year, mostly children under 5 years of age. On the other hand, chemical pollution is a concern in high-income countries and an increasing problem in low- and middle-income countries. Exposure to chemicals in drinking water may lead to a range of chronic non-communicable diseases (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disease), adverse reproductive outcomes, and effects on children’s health (e.g., neurodevelopment), among other health effects. Although drinking water quality is regulated and monitored in many countries, increasing knowledge leads to the need for reviewing standards and guidelines on a nearly permanent basis, both for regulated and newly identified contaminants. Drinking water standards are mostly based on animal toxicity data, and more robust epidemiologic studies with accurate exposure assessment are needed. The current risk assessment paradigm dealing mostly with one-by-one chemicals dismisses the potential synergisms or interactions from exposures to mixtures of contaminants, particularly at the low-exposure range. Thus, evidence is needed on exposure and health effects of mixtures of contaminants in drinking water. Finally, water stress and water quality problems are expected to increase in the coming years due to climate change and increasing water demand by population growth, and new evidence is needed to design appropriate adaptation policies. This Special Issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on the current state of knowledge on the links between drinking water quality and human health.


Book Synopsis Drinking Water Quality and Human Health by : Patrick Levallois

Download or read book Drinking Water Quality and Human Health written by Patrick Levallois and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-04 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The quality of drinking water is paramount for public health. Despite important improvements in the last decades, access to safe drinking water is not universal. The World Health Organization estimates that almost 10% of the population in the world do not have access to improved drinking water sources. Among other diseases, waterborne infections cause diarrhea, which kills nearly one million people every year, mostly children under 5 years of age. On the other hand, chemical pollution is a concern in high-income countries and an increasing problem in low- and middle-income countries. Exposure to chemicals in drinking water may lead to a range of chronic non-communicable diseases (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disease), adverse reproductive outcomes, and effects on children’s health (e.g., neurodevelopment), among other health effects. Although drinking water quality is regulated and monitored in many countries, increasing knowledge leads to the need for reviewing standards and guidelines on a nearly permanent basis, both for regulated and newly identified contaminants. Drinking water standards are mostly based on animal toxicity data, and more robust epidemiologic studies with accurate exposure assessment are needed. The current risk assessment paradigm dealing mostly with one-by-one chemicals dismisses the potential synergisms or interactions from exposures to mixtures of contaminants, particularly at the low-exposure range. Thus, evidence is needed on exposure and health effects of mixtures of contaminants in drinking water. Finally, water stress and water quality problems are expected to increase in the coming years due to climate change and increasing water demand by population growth, and new evidence is needed to design appropriate adaptation policies. This Special Issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on the current state of knowledge on the links between drinking water quality and human health.

Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality

Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality

Author: World Health Organization

Publisher: World Health Organization

Published: 1993

Total Pages: 260

ISBN-13: 9789241545037

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This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.


Book Synopsis Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality by : World Health Organization

Download or read book Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume describes the methods used in the surveillance of drinking water quality in the light of the special problems of small-community supplies, particularly in developing countries, and outlines the strategies necessary to ensure that surveillance is effective.

Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis

Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis

Author: Laurival Antonio De Luca Jr.

Publisher: CRC Press

Published: 2013-10-01

Total Pages: 340

ISBN-13: 1466506938

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A timely symposium entitled Body-Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration was held at Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil in 2011. This meeting was convened as an official satellite of a joint gathering of the International Society for Autonomic Neuroscience (ISAN) and the American Autonomic Society (AAS) held in Buzios, Rio de Janeiro. Broad international participation at this event generated stimulating discussion among the invited speakers, leading to the publication of Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. Drawn from the proceedings and filled with rich examples of integrative neurobiology and regulatory physiology, this volume: Provides updated research using human and animal models for the control of bodily fluids, thirst, and salt appetite Explores neural and endocrine control of body fluid balance, arterial pressure, thermoregulation, and ingestive behavior Discusses recent developments in molecular genetics, cell biology, and behavioral plasticity Reviews key aspects of brain serotonin and steroid and peptide control of fluid consumption and arterial pressure The book highlights research conducted by leading scientists on signal transduction and sensory afferent mechanisms, molecular genetics, perinatal and adult long-term influences on regulation, central neural integrative circuitry, and autonomic/neuroendocrine effector systems. The findings discussed by the learned contributors are relevant for a basic understanding of disorders such as heat injury, hypertension, and excess salt intake. A unique reference on the neurobiology of body fluid homeostasis, this volume is certain to fuel additional research and stimulate further debate on the topic.


Book Synopsis Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis by : Laurival Antonio De Luca Jr.

Download or read book Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis written by Laurival Antonio De Luca Jr. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A timely symposium entitled Body-Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration was held at Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil in 2011. This meeting was convened as an official satellite of a joint gathering of the International Society for Autonomic Neuroscience (ISAN) and the American Autonomic Society (AAS) held in Buzios, Rio de Janeiro. Broad international participation at this event generated stimulating discussion among the invited speakers, leading to the publication of Neurobiology of Body Fluid Homeostasis: Transduction and Integration. Drawn from the proceedings and filled with rich examples of integrative neurobiology and regulatory physiology, this volume: Provides updated research using human and animal models for the control of bodily fluids, thirst, and salt appetite Explores neural and endocrine control of body fluid balance, arterial pressure, thermoregulation, and ingestive behavior Discusses recent developments in molecular genetics, cell biology, and behavioral plasticity Reviews key aspects of brain serotonin and steroid and peptide control of fluid consumption and arterial pressure The book highlights research conducted by leading scientists on signal transduction and sensory afferent mechanisms, molecular genetics, perinatal and adult long-term influences on regulation, central neural integrative circuitry, and autonomic/neuroendocrine effector systems. The findings discussed by the learned contributors are relevant for a basic understanding of disorders such as heat injury, hypertension, and excess salt intake. A unique reference on the neurobiology of body fluid homeostasis, this volume is certain to fuel additional research and stimulate further debate on the topic.

Molecular Mechanisms of Body Water Homeostasis

Molecular Mechanisms of Body Water Homeostasis

Author: Carolyn M. Ecelbarger

Publisher: Biota Publishing

Published: 2016-11-07

Total Pages: 112

ISBN-13: 1615047336

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This book discusses our intimate relationship with and dependence on water, how the body regulates its water levels, and various pathophysiological states associated with impairments in body water homeostasis. The human body consists of 70–80% water. Therefore, concise control of water homeostasis is essential to survival and involves coordination of several systems, but primarily the brain and kidney systems. Water requirements of the average healthy human range between 2–4 L/d, and a major portion of this can come from food sources. The major hormonal regulator of water balance is the anti-diuretic hormone, vasopressin. Vasopressin, a 9–amino acid peptide, is produced in the hypothalamus, stored in the posterior pituitary, and secreted when plasma osmolality rises. Vasopressin acts on the kidney to conserve water. The kidneys filter ∼180 L of blood per day, consisting of about 50–65% water, and reabsorb around 99% of this in the proximal tubule, distal tubule, and collecting duct, producing only 1–2 L of urine. The vasopressin-sensitive distal tubule and collecting duct are responsible for fine-tuning water reabsorption. Conditions exist, however, where urine cannot be concentrated effectively. This is known as diabetes insipidus and can lead to dehydration and failure to thrive. At the other extreme, hyponatremia (low serum sodium) is the inability to adequately dilute urine or get rid of free body water in excess of body needs, a serious and sometimes fatal condition.


Book Synopsis Molecular Mechanisms of Body Water Homeostasis by : Carolyn M. Ecelbarger

Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Body Water Homeostasis written by Carolyn M. Ecelbarger and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-07 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses our intimate relationship with and dependence on water, how the body regulates its water levels, and various pathophysiological states associated with impairments in body water homeostasis. The human body consists of 70–80% water. Therefore, concise control of water homeostasis is essential to survival and involves coordination of several systems, but primarily the brain and kidney systems. Water requirements of the average healthy human range between 2–4 L/d, and a major portion of this can come from food sources. The major hormonal regulator of water balance is the anti-diuretic hormone, vasopressin. Vasopressin, a 9–amino acid peptide, is produced in the hypothalamus, stored in the posterior pituitary, and secreted when plasma osmolality rises. Vasopressin acts on the kidney to conserve water. The kidneys filter ∼180 L of blood per day, consisting of about 50–65% water, and reabsorb around 99% of this in the proximal tubule, distal tubule, and collecting duct, producing only 1–2 L of urine. The vasopressin-sensitive distal tubule and collecting duct are responsible for fine-tuning water reabsorption. Conditions exist, however, where urine cannot be concentrated effectively. This is known as diabetes insipidus and can lead to dehydration and failure to thrive. At the other extreme, hyponatremia (low serum sodium) is the inability to adequately dilute urine or get rid of free body water in excess of body needs, a serious and sometimes fatal condition.

Copper in Drinking Water

Copper in Drinking Water

Author: National Research Council

Publisher: National Academies Press

Published: 2000-04-12

Total Pages: 161

ISBN-13: 0309172209

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The safety of the nation's drinking water must be maintained to ensure the health of the public. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating the levels of substances in the drinking water supply. Copper can leach into drinking water from the pipes in the distribution system, and the allowable levels are regulated by the EPA. The regulation of copper, however, is complicated by the fact that it is both necessary to the normal functioning of the body and toxic to the body at too high a level. The National Research Council was requested to form a committee to review the scientific validity of the EPA's maximum contaminant level goal for copper in drinking water. Copper in Drinking Water outlines the findings of the committee's review. The book provides a review of the toxicity of copper as well as a discussion of the essential nature of this metal. The risks posed by both short-term and long-term exposure to copper are characterized, and the implications for public health are discussed. This book is a valuable reference for individuals involved in the regulation of water supplies and individuals interested in issues surrounding this metal.


Book Synopsis Copper in Drinking Water by : National Research Council

Download or read book Copper in Drinking Water written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-04-12 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The safety of the nation's drinking water must be maintained to ensure the health of the public. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for regulating the levels of substances in the drinking water supply. Copper can leach into drinking water from the pipes in the distribution system, and the allowable levels are regulated by the EPA. The regulation of copper, however, is complicated by the fact that it is both necessary to the normal functioning of the body and toxic to the body at too high a level. The National Research Council was requested to form a committee to review the scientific validity of the EPA's maximum contaminant level goal for copper in drinking water. Copper in Drinking Water outlines the findings of the committee's review. The book provides a review of the toxicity of copper as well as a discussion of the essential nature of this metal. The risks posed by both short-term and long-term exposure to copper are characterized, and the implications for public health are discussed. This book is a valuable reference for individuals involved in the regulation of water supplies and individuals interested in issues surrounding this metal.