Author: Francis B. Silsbee

Publisher: Forgotten Books

Published: 2017-10-27

Total Pages: 38

ISBN-13: 9780265792339

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Excerpt from Equipment for Testing Current Transformers The equipment and methods used for this purpose at the Bureau of Standards at Washington have been modified and enlarged from time to time to keep pace with the increasing demands in accuracy and range of the transformers to be tested. The object of this paper is to describe the equipment and methods 1 now in use at this Bureau in the hope that the data given may be of assistance to other labora tory workers who may wish to install apparatus for similar work. The accuracy needed in this class of testing should, if possible, be so high that errors in the certified values will be negligibly small in comparison with the inaccuracy likely to occur in the next step in the measurement process; that is, in the comparison in the field between the standard transformer and the working transformer. A limit to the possible accuracy is, of course, set by the repeatability of the transformer under test. This limit is influenced by a number of factors, among which are changes in the magnetic condition of the core as a result of previous operation, uncertainties in the temperature of the transformer windings and hence in their resistance, and uncer tainty in the exactness with which the burden used in the field is duplicated in the test. In the case of hole-type current transformers additional uncertainty arises because of differences in the position of [the primary conductor in the hole, and in the position of the return lead. The magnitude of the changes in calibration resulting from these effects depends greatly upon the type of transformer, but may amount to several tenths of 1 percent. The sensitivity of the present equipment is such that a change of percent in ratio and minute in phase angle is definitely detectable even at a secondary current as small as ampere. Changes in the performance of the transformer under test are there fore often noted. The accuracy of the equipment, since it involves the calibration of resistance standards of widely different values with the additional liability to errors from skin effect and residual self - induct ance, is, perhaps, not as high as the precision mentioned above would indicate. The accuracy limits printed on the Bureau's certificate form (viz, percent in ratio and 3 minutes in phase angle) are, however, certainly very conservative. In reducing the observed values all corrections are normally carried to the nearest percent and minute and the resulting values are then rounded off in the certificate to the nearest percent and 1 minute. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Download or read book Equipment for Testing Current Transformers (Classic Reprint) written by Francis B. Silsbee and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Equipment for Testing Current Transformers The equipment and methods used for this purpose at the Bureau of Standards at Washington have been modified and enlarged from time to time to keep pace with the increasing demands in accuracy and range of the transformers to be tested. The object of this paper is to describe the equipment and methods 1 now in use at this Bureau in the hope that the data given may be of assistance to other labora tory workers who may wish to install apparatus for similar work. The accuracy needed in this class of testing should, if possible, be so high that errors in the certified values will be negligibly small in comparison with the inaccuracy likely to occur in the next step in the measurement process; that is, in the comparison in the field between the standard transformer and the working transformer. A limit to the possible accuracy is, of course, set by the repeatability of the transformer under test. This limit is influenced by a number of factors, among which are changes in the magnetic condition of the core as a result of previous operation, uncertainties in the temperature of the transformer windings and hence in their resistance, and uncer tainty in the exactness with which the burden used in the field is duplicated in the test. In the case of hole-type current transformers additional uncertainty arises because of differences in the position of [the primary conductor in the hole, and in the position of the return lead. The magnitude of the changes in calibration resulting from these effects depends greatly upon the type of transformer, but may amount to several tenths of 1 percent. The sensitivity of the present equipment is such that a change of percent in ratio and minute in phase angle is definitely detectable even at a secondary current as small as ampere. Changes in the performance of the transformer under test are there fore often noted. The accuracy of the equipment, since it involves the calibration of resistance standards of widely different values with the additional liability to errors from skin effect and residual self - induct ance, is, perhaps, not as high as the precision mentioned above would indicate. The accuracy limits printed on the Bureau's certificate form (viz, percent in ratio and 3 minutes in phase angle) are, however, certainly very conservative. In reducing the observed values all corrections are normally carried to the nearest percent and minute and the resulting values are then rounded off in the certificate to the nearest percent and 1 minute. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.