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Explores concepts that bring together the thinking of Spinoza and Marx. Karl Marx was a fiery revolutionary theorist who heralded the imminent demise of capitalism, while Spinoza was a contemplative philosopher who preached rational understanding and voiced skepticism about open rebellion. Spinoza criticized all teleological ideas as anthropomorphic fantasies, while Marxism came to be associated expressly with teleological historical development. Why, then, were socialists of the German nineteenth century consistently drawn to Spinoza as their philosophical guide? Tracie Matysik shows how the metaphorical meeting of Spinoza and Marx arose out of an intellectual conundrum around the meaning of activity. How is it, exactly, that humans can be fully determined creatures but also able to change their world? To address this paradox, many revolutionary theorists came to think of activity in the sense of Spinoza—as relating. Matysik follows these Spinozist-socialist intellectual experiments as they unfolded across the nineteenth century, drawing lessons from them that will be meaningful for the contemporary world.
Book Synopsis When Spinoza Met Marx by : Tracie Matysik
Download or read book When Spinoza Met Marx written by Tracie Matysik and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2023-01-23 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores concepts that bring together the thinking of Spinoza and Marx. Karl Marx was a fiery revolutionary theorist who heralded the imminent demise of capitalism, while Spinoza was a contemplative philosopher who preached rational understanding and voiced skepticism about open rebellion. Spinoza criticized all teleological ideas as anthropomorphic fantasies, while Marxism came to be associated expressly with teleological historical development. Why, then, were socialists of the German nineteenth century consistently drawn to Spinoza as their philosophical guide? Tracie Matysik shows how the metaphorical meeting of Spinoza and Marx arose out of an intellectual conundrum around the meaning of activity. How is it, exactly, that humans can be fully determined creatures but also able to change their world? To address this paradox, many revolutionary theorists came to think of activity in the sense of Spinoza—as relating. Matysik follows these Spinozist-socialist intellectual experiments as they unfolded across the nineteenth century, drawing lessons from them that will be meaningful for the contemporary world.
"How did Baruch Spinoza, the seventeenth-century Dutch-Jewish philosopher, become a nineteenth-century German Marxist? It is on its face an unlikely development. Karl Marx was a fiery revolutionary theorist who heralded the imminent demise of capitalism, while Spinoza was a contemplative philosopher who preached rational understanding and voiced skepticism about open rebellion. Further, Spinoza criticized all teleological ideas as anthropomorphic fantasies, while Marxism came to be associated expressly with teleological historical development. Yet socialists of the German nineteenth century were consistently drawn to Spinoza as their philosophical guide. Tracie Matysik shows how the metaphorical meeting of Spinoza and Marx arose out of an intellectual conundrum about the meaning of activity. How is it, exactly, that humans can be fully determined creatures - creatures in nature and governed by causal laws of nature - and also able to change their world? To address this seeming paradox, many revolutionary theorists scrapped the idea of activity as something autonomous humans do when they assert themselves against nature and its causal laws. Thinking with Spinoza, they came to think of activity instead as relating - as the state of relations between humans and between humans and the non-human world. Matysik follows these Spinozist-socialist intellectual experiments in the meaning of activity that unfolded across the nineteenth century, drawing lessons from them that may be meaningful for the environmental-justice issues confronting the contemporary world"--
Book Synopsis When Spinoza Met Marx by : Tracie Matysik
Download or read book When Spinoza Met Marx written by Tracie Matysik and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2023-01-23 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How did Baruch Spinoza, the seventeenth-century Dutch-Jewish philosopher, become a nineteenth-century German Marxist? It is on its face an unlikely development. Karl Marx was a fiery revolutionary theorist who heralded the imminent demise of capitalism, while Spinoza was a contemplative philosopher who preached rational understanding and voiced skepticism about open rebellion. Further, Spinoza criticized all teleological ideas as anthropomorphic fantasies, while Marxism came to be associated expressly with teleological historical development. Yet socialists of the German nineteenth century were consistently drawn to Spinoza as their philosophical guide. Tracie Matysik shows how the metaphorical meeting of Spinoza and Marx arose out of an intellectual conundrum about the meaning of activity. How is it, exactly, that humans can be fully determined creatures - creatures in nature and governed by causal laws of nature - and also able to change their world? To address this seeming paradox, many revolutionary theorists scrapped the idea of activity as something autonomous humans do when they assert themselves against nature and its causal laws. Thinking with Spinoza, they came to think of activity instead as relating - as the state of relations between humans and between humans and the non-human world. Matysik follows these Spinozist-socialist intellectual experiments in the meaning of activity that unfolded across the nineteenth century, drawing lessons from them that may be meaningful for the environmental-justice issues confronting the contemporary world"--
Marx, Spinoza and Darwin presents a common thread in its argument: it shows how these authors—certainly with differences among themselves—consolidated a field of investigation that does not resort to transcendent or religious premises in approaching the phenomena they analyze. Thus, when Spinoza declared that the “will of God” is the “sanctuary of ignorance,” when Marx provocatively maintained that “criticism of religion is the premise of all criticism,” or when Darwin polemicized against a millennial creationist approach, all were taking a stand that invited us to view our world through a secular and immanent lens. In addition to this common thread, Martins discusses other issues present in the works of these thinkers, for instance the space that exists for human subjectivity from a Marxist perspective (which is not to be confused with philosophical “objectivism”): men and women are encouraged to act in the world. With this conceptual background, the concluding chapters of the book address the proliferation of some less examined Christian fundamentalisms in contemporary world, presenting an explanatory hypothesis for the phenomenon.
Book Synopsis Marx, Spinoza and Darwin by : Mauricio Vieira Martins
Download or read book Marx, Spinoza and Darwin written by Mauricio Vieira Martins and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-09 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marx, Spinoza and Darwin presents a common thread in its argument: it shows how these authors—certainly with differences among themselves—consolidated a field of investigation that does not resort to transcendent or religious premises in approaching the phenomena they analyze. Thus, when Spinoza declared that the “will of God” is the “sanctuary of ignorance,” when Marx provocatively maintained that “criticism of religion is the premise of all criticism,” or when Darwin polemicized against a millennial creationist approach, all were taking a stand that invited us to view our world through a secular and immanent lens. In addition to this common thread, Martins discusses other issues present in the works of these thinkers, for instance the space that exists for human subjectivity from a Marxist perspective (which is not to be confused with philosophical “objectivism”): men and women are encouraged to act in the world. With this conceptual background, the concluding chapters of the book address the proliferation of some less examined Christian fundamentalisms in contemporary world, presenting an explanatory hypothesis for the phenomenon.
Spinoza in Germany presents fifteen newly commissioned essays by a distinguished set of international experts examining the legacy and influence of Spinoza on German thought in the long nineteenth century. The focus on Spinoza's influence illuminates both the nature of his philosophical contribution, as well as novel aspects of the philosophical lineage from idealism to Marxism, psychoanalysis, and beyond. The chapters are at the cutting edge of research on modern German thought, not only concerning canonical figures like Herder, Kant, and Marx, but also thinkers whose importance has since been neglected such as Salomon Maimon and Lou Salom?.
Book Synopsis Spinoza in Germany by :
Download or read book Spinoza in Germany written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-09 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spinoza in Germany presents fifteen newly commissioned essays by a distinguished set of international experts examining the legacy and influence of Spinoza on German thought in the long nineteenth century. The focus on Spinoza's influence illuminates both the nature of his philosophical contribution, as well as novel aspects of the philosophical lineage from idealism to Marxism, psychoanalysis, and beyond. The chapters are at the cutting edge of research on modern German thought, not only concerning canonical figures like Herder, Kant, and Marx, but also thinkers whose importance has since been neglected such as Salomon Maimon and Lou Salom?.
"All of a sudden, while reading about Spinoza and Marx, the reader is surprised by passages on fiscal adjustments, precarious labor and Japanese robots; or while reading about Darwin and religious thought, is surprised by passages on the social stigmas of HIV/AIDS and Pope Benedict XVI's declarations - all of it contextualized. As the reading progresses, recognition grows stronger: a patient and firm construction of a powerful project of science affirmation and political transformation on solid philosophical grounds." -- João Abreu, PhD in Theory of Law at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and author of The problem of private property in Spinoza. "This work by Maurício Vieira Martins eloquently exemplifies the author's greatest merits. An absolute mastery of philosophical and sociological debates on Marx's work, as well as on Darwin's theory of evolution and Spinoza's philosophy. A mastery that Martins translates into a combination of analytical depth and the ability to always make himself understood. The book is an introduction to the thinking of one of the most brilliant Marxist intellectuals of his generation." -- Marcelo Badaró Mattos, Full Professor of History at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, and author of The Working Class from Marx to Our Times. "The book reflects years of theoretically rigorous and politically committed research. For Marxists, the book offers a chance to learn more about Spinoza's philosophy and the philosophical implications of Darwin's work. It is not exactly innovative to recognize Marx, Spinoza and Darwin as thinkers of immanence. Absolutely innovative, commendable, however, is to recognize them in the way Maurício Vieira Martins has done, especially in this time of proliferation of religious fundamentalisms and conservative thinking." -- João Leonardo Medeiros, Full Professor of Political Economy at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, and author of The Economy in the face of economic horror. Marx, Spinoza and Darwin on Philosophy presents a common thread in its argument: it shows how these authors-certainly with differences among themselves-consolidated a field of investigation that does not resort to transcendent or religious premises in approaching the phenomena they analyze. Thus, when Spinoza declared that the "will of God" is the "sanctuary of ignorance," when Marx provocatively maintained that "criticism of religion is the premise of all criticism," or when Darwin polemicized against a millennial creationist approach, all were taking a stand that invited us to view our world through a secular and immanent lens. In addition to this common thread, Martins discusses other issues present in the works of these thinkers, for instance the space that exists for human subjectivity from a Marxist perspective (which is not to be confused with philosophical "objectivism"): men and women are encouraged to act in the world. With this conceptual background, the concluding chapters of the book address the proliferation of some less examined Christian fundamentalisms in contemporary world, presenting an explanatory hypothesis for the phenomenon. Mauricio Vieira Martins obtained his Ph.D. in Philosophy with a disciplinary background also in Sociology and Politics. He is a retired Professor at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, where he is still active in the Center for Studies and Research on Marx and Marxism (NIEP/Marx).
Book Synopsis Marx, Spinoza and Darwin by : Mauricio Vieira Martins
Download or read book Marx, Spinoza and Darwin written by Mauricio Vieira Martins and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "All of a sudden, while reading about Spinoza and Marx, the reader is surprised by passages on fiscal adjustments, precarious labor and Japanese robots; or while reading about Darwin and religious thought, is surprised by passages on the social stigmas of HIV/AIDS and Pope Benedict XVI's declarations - all of it contextualized. As the reading progresses, recognition grows stronger: a patient and firm construction of a powerful project of science affirmation and political transformation on solid philosophical grounds." -- João Abreu, PhD in Theory of Law at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and author of The problem of private property in Spinoza. "This work by Maurício Vieira Martins eloquently exemplifies the author's greatest merits. An absolute mastery of philosophical and sociological debates on Marx's work, as well as on Darwin's theory of evolution and Spinoza's philosophy. A mastery that Martins translates into a combination of analytical depth and the ability to always make himself understood. The book is an introduction to the thinking of one of the most brilliant Marxist intellectuals of his generation." -- Marcelo Badaró Mattos, Full Professor of History at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, and author of The Working Class from Marx to Our Times. "The book reflects years of theoretically rigorous and politically committed research. For Marxists, the book offers a chance to learn more about Spinoza's philosophy and the philosophical implications of Darwin's work. It is not exactly innovative to recognize Marx, Spinoza and Darwin as thinkers of immanence. Absolutely innovative, commendable, however, is to recognize them in the way Maurício Vieira Martins has done, especially in this time of proliferation of religious fundamentalisms and conservative thinking." -- João Leonardo Medeiros, Full Professor of Political Economy at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, and author of The Economy in the face of economic horror. Marx, Spinoza and Darwin on Philosophy presents a common thread in its argument: it shows how these authors-certainly with differences among themselves-consolidated a field of investigation that does not resort to transcendent or religious premises in approaching the phenomena they analyze. Thus, when Spinoza declared that the "will of God" is the "sanctuary of ignorance," when Marx provocatively maintained that "criticism of religion is the premise of all criticism," or when Darwin polemicized against a millennial creationist approach, all were taking a stand that invited us to view our world through a secular and immanent lens. In addition to this common thread, Martins discusses other issues present in the works of these thinkers, for instance the space that exists for human subjectivity from a Marxist perspective (which is not to be confused with philosophical "objectivism"): men and women are encouraged to act in the world. With this conceptual background, the concluding chapters of the book address the proliferation of some less examined Christian fundamentalisms in contemporary world, presenting an explanatory hypothesis for the phenomenon. Mauricio Vieira Martins obtained his Ph.D. in Philosophy with a disciplinary background also in Sociology and Politics. He is a retired Professor at the Universidade Federal Fluminense, Brazil, where he is still active in the Center for Studies and Research on Marx and Marxism (NIEP/Marx).
French philosophy is an internationally celebrated national philosophical tradition, and this Oxford Handbook offers a comprehensive approach to its history since 1800. The Handbook features essays written by renowned international specialists, illuminating key movements and positions, themes and thinkers in nineteenth-, twentieth- and even twenty-first-century French philosophy. The volume takes into account developments in recent historical scholarship by broadening the notion of Modern French Philosophy in two ways. Whereas recent approaches in the field have often ignored early nineteenth-century developments, this volume offers comprehensive treatment of French thought of this period in order to grasp better later developments. Moreover, the volume extends the canon at the other end of the period of Modern French Philosophy by including work on philosophers who have come to prominence only in the last ten or twenty years. The volume takes 'French philosophy' in a broad sense to include all philosophy carried out in France over the last 200 years, and it illuminates the institutional and cultural background of this national philosophical tradition in such a way as to provide a fuller and more comprehensive understanding of its unity and of its more famous moments in the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Modern French Philosophy by :
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Modern French Philosophy written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2024-07-16 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: French philosophy is an internationally celebrated national philosophical tradition, and this Oxford Handbook offers a comprehensive approach to its history since 1800. The Handbook features essays written by renowned international specialists, illuminating key movements and positions, themes and thinkers in nineteenth-, twentieth- and even twenty-first-century French philosophy. The volume takes into account developments in recent historical scholarship by broadening the notion of Modern French Philosophy in two ways. Whereas recent approaches in the field have often ignored early nineteenth-century developments, this volume offers comprehensive treatment of French thought of this period in order to grasp better later developments. Moreover, the volume extends the canon at the other end of the period of Modern French Philosophy by including work on philosophers who have come to prominence only in the last ten or twenty years. The volume takes 'French philosophy' in a broad sense to include all philosophy carried out in France over the last 200 years, and it illuminates the institutional and cultural background of this national philosophical tradition in such a way as to provide a fuller and more comprehensive understanding of its unity and of its more famous moments in the twentieth century.
Reforming the Moral Subject explores a movement known as "ethics reform" that flourished in Central Europe between 1890 and 1930. Tracie Matysik examines the works of German-speaking intellectuals and activists-moral philosophers, sociologists, legal theorists, pedagogy specialists, psychoanalysts, sexual liberationists, and others-who discovered in the language of ethics a means to revitalize the public sphere. Ethics reformers used the academic field of moral philosophy to contest public- and state-sponsored rhetoric that they thought equated "morality" with national loyalty, religious tradition, and repressive sexual mores. They founded organizations and periodicals, circulated brochures, and hosted lectures and conferences, all aimed at rethinking ethics for a secular modernity. Arising in a context sharply influenced by materialism, Darwinism, and the advent of sexology, ethics debates gradually focused not surprisingly on the role of sexuality in definitions of ethics and of the moral subject. Intellectuals and activists came to agree that sexuality was central to the formation of the moral subject. Some viewed the moral subject as that individual who had learned to suppress sexual drives, while others saw sexual drives and sexual autonomy as the source of moral energy and sentiment. The association of sexuality with a wide and variegated discussion of ethics made the sexualized moral subject an open concept that could not be fully regulated, confined, or conflated with national identities. Matysik's compelling intellectual and cultural history of ethics and moral subjectivity reframes the nature of German liberalism and intellectual activism from the end of the nineteenth century until the interwar period.
Book Synopsis Reforming the Moral Subject by : Tracie Matysik
Download or read book Reforming the Moral Subject written by Tracie Matysik and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforming the Moral Subject explores a movement known as "ethics reform" that flourished in Central Europe between 1890 and 1930. Tracie Matysik examines the works of German-speaking intellectuals and activists-moral philosophers, sociologists, legal theorists, pedagogy specialists, psychoanalysts, sexual liberationists, and others-who discovered in the language of ethics a means to revitalize the public sphere. Ethics reformers used the academic field of moral philosophy to contest public- and state-sponsored rhetoric that they thought equated "morality" with national loyalty, religious tradition, and repressive sexual mores. They founded organizations and periodicals, circulated brochures, and hosted lectures and conferences, all aimed at rethinking ethics for a secular modernity. Arising in a context sharply influenced by materialism, Darwinism, and the advent of sexology, ethics debates gradually focused not surprisingly on the role of sexuality in definitions of ethics and of the moral subject. Intellectuals and activists came to agree that sexuality was central to the formation of the moral subject. Some viewed the moral subject as that individual who had learned to suppress sexual drives, while others saw sexual drives and sexual autonomy as the source of moral energy and sentiment. The association of sexuality with a wide and variegated discussion of ethics made the sexualized moral subject an open concept that could not be fully regulated, confined, or conflated with national identities. Matysik's compelling intellectual and cultural history of ethics and moral subjectivity reframes the nature of German liberalism and intellectual activism from the end of the nineteenth century until the interwar period.
Franck Fischbach suggests that by reading Spinoza and Marx together we may better understand both history and nature, as well as ourselves, making possible a new understanding of human nature. Rather than see history and nature as opposed, history is nothing but the constant transformation of nature.
Book Synopsis Marx with Spinoza by : Franck Fischbach
Download or read book Marx with Spinoza written by Franck Fischbach and published by Spinoza Studies. This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Franck Fischbach suggests that by reading Spinoza and Marx together we may better understand both history and nature, as well as ourselves, making possible a new understanding of human nature. Rather than see history and nature as opposed, history is nothing but the constant transformation of nature.
Essays on Judaism in the modern world, from philosophy and history to art and politics In these essays Deutscher speaks of the emotional heritage of the European Jew with a calm clear-sightedness. As a historian he writes without religious belief, but with a generous breadth of understanding; as a philosopher he writes of some of the great Jews of Europe: Spinoza, Heine, Marx, Trotsky, Luxemburg, and Freud. He explores the Jewish imagination through the painter Chagall. He writes of the Jews under Stalin and of the “remnants of a race“ after Hitler, as well as of the Zionist ideal, of the establishment of the state of Israel, of the Six-Day War, and of the perils ahead.
Book Synopsis The Non-Jewish Jew by : Isaac Deutscher
Download or read book The Non-Jewish Jew written by Isaac Deutscher and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays on Judaism in the modern world, from philosophy and history to art and politics In these essays Deutscher speaks of the emotional heritage of the European Jew with a calm clear-sightedness. As a historian he writes without religious belief, but with a generous breadth of understanding; as a philosopher he writes of some of the great Jews of Europe: Spinoza, Heine, Marx, Trotsky, Luxemburg, and Freud. He explores the Jewish imagination through the painter Chagall. He writes of the Jews under Stalin and of the “remnants of a race“ after Hitler, as well as of the Zionist ideal, of the establishment of the state of Israel, of the Six-Day War, and of the perils ahead.
Illuminates the culture and worldview of socialist secularism and its impact on German history between the Kaiserreich and the Third Reich.
Book Synopsis Red Secularism by : Todd H. Weir
Download or read book Red Secularism written by Todd H. Weir and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-11-30 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illuminates the culture and worldview of socialist secularism and its impact on German history between the Kaiserreich and the Third Reich.
