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Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972

Author: Office of Air Force History and U S Air

Publisher: CreateSpace

Published: 2015-03-24

Total Pages: 218

ISBN-13: 9781508993872

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This monograph is the sixteenth in a series of historical studies dealing with USAF plans, policies, and operations in Southeast Asia, published under the general title, The Air Force in Southeast Asia. Its focus is on Air Force participation in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy. In writing this monograph, the author found a lack of sources not encountered in previous monographs in this series. The important peace negotiations of 1972 and the decisions and communications pertaining to Linebacker II operations were all kept highly secret. Almost no official accounts of them are available, either in JCS, Defense, Air Force, or State Department records. These matters were dealt with only at the highest levels, and many researchers believe this was done orally with decisions not committed to paper. Since the Nixon and Kissinger papers will not be available for many years, this study has utilized certain detailed and seemingly reliable secondary sources to fill in some of the information gaps, until such time as the full story is available from official records.

Book Synopsis Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 by : Office of Air Force History and U S Air

Download or read book Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 written by Office of Air Force History and U S Air and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is the sixteenth in a series of historical studies dealing with USAF plans, policies, and operations in Southeast Asia, published under the general title, The Air Force in Southeast Asia. Its focus is on Air Force participation in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy. In writing this monograph, the author found a lack of sources not encountered in previous monographs in this series. The important peace negotiations of 1972 and the decisions and communications pertaining to Linebacker II operations were all kept highly secret. Almost no official accounts of them are available, either in JCS, Defense, Air Force, or State Department records. These matters were dealt with only at the highest levels, and many researchers believe this was done orally with decisions not committed to paper. Since the Nixon and Kissinger papers will not be available for many years, this study has utilized certain detailed and seemingly reliable secondary sources to fill in some of the information gaps, until such time as the full story is available from official records.

The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972

Author: E. H. Hartsook

Publisher:

Published: 2011-05-01

Total Pages: 210

ISBN-13: 9781780396538

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This recently declassified study from 1978 details on Air Force participation-in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy .

Book Synopsis The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 by : E. H. Hartsook

Download or read book The Air Force in Southeast Asia: Air Power Helps Stop the Invasion and End the War 1972 written by E. H. Hartsook and published by . This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This recently declassified study from 1978 details on Air Force participation-in the last tempestuous year of US involvement in the war in Vietnam when, after the great majority of US forces had been withdrawn, Hanoi launched its smashing Easter offensive. This study relates how air, as almost the sole remaining US weapon, played a complex and varied role. This consisted not only of its key part in the military operations which turned back the enemy offensive, but also of its influence on the negotiating process and its exercise of a "persuasion" role for US diplomacy .

Bombing to Win

Author: Robert A. Pape

Publisher: Cornell University Press

Published: 2014-04-11

Total Pages: 547

ISBN-13: 0801471508

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From Iraq to Bosnia to North Korea, the first question in American foreign policy debates is increasingly: Can air power alone do the job? Robert A. Pape provides a systematic answer. Analyzing the results of over thirty air campaigns, including a detailed reconstruction of the Gulf War, he argues that the key to success is attacking the enemy's military strategy, not its economy, people, or leaders. Coercive air power can succeed, but not as cheaply as air enthusiasts would like to believe.Pape examines the air raids on Germany, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq as well as those of Israel versus Egypt, providing details of bombing and governmental decision making. His detailed narratives of the strategic effectiveness of bombing range from the classical cases of World War II to an extraordinary reconstruction of airpower use in the Gulf War, based on recently declassified documents. In this now-classic work of the theory and practice of airpower and its political effects, Robert A. Pape helps military strategists and policy makers judge the purpose of various air strategies, and helps general readers understand the policy debates.

Book Synopsis Bombing to Win by : Robert A. Pape

Download or read book Bombing to Win written by Robert A. Pape and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-11 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Iraq to Bosnia to North Korea, the first question in American foreign policy debates is increasingly: Can air power alone do the job? Robert A. Pape provides a systematic answer. Analyzing the results of over thirty air campaigns, including a detailed reconstruction of the Gulf War, he argues that the key to success is attacking the enemy's military strategy, not its economy, people, or leaders. Coercive air power can succeed, but not as cheaply as air enthusiasts would like to believe.Pape examines the air raids on Germany, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and Iraq as well as those of Israel versus Egypt, providing details of bombing and governmental decision making. His detailed narratives of the strategic effectiveness of bombing range from the classical cases of World War II to an extraordinary reconstruction of airpower use in the Gulf War, based on recently declassified documents. In this now-classic work of the theory and practice of airpower and its political effects, Robert A. Pape helps military strategists and policy makers judge the purpose of various air strategies, and helps general readers understand the policy debates.

Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion

Author:

Publisher:

Published: 1976

Total Pages: 142

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion by :

Download or read book Airpower and the 1972 Spring Invasion written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Airpower And The 1972 Spring Invasion [Illustrated Edition]

Author: Major A. J. C. Lavalle

Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing

Published: 2014-08-15

Total Pages: 97

ISBN-13: 178289893X

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Illustrated with over 30 maps, diagrams and photos In our continuing desire to bring to the reader an in-depth look at the use of airpower in Southeast Asia, we present. In this volume a truly monumental effort at recounting the myriad of widely separate but not unrelated events and operations that took place during the spring invasion of 1972. In this monograph, the authors from the Air War College present an illuminating story of the people and machines that fought so gallantly during this major enemy offensive. The authors’ breadth of experience in and out of combat enables them to provide a penetrating account of how airpower was brought to bear upon the enemy. The “Vietnamization” program, begun in 1969, had by March of 1972 reduced U. S. manpower involvement in Vietnam from 500,000 to 95,000. U. S. airpower involvement, however, did not decrease proportionately. Although the South Vietnamese Air Force took up the “lion’s share” of the effort, U. S. airmen were still very much involved. During the offensive, their skills, courage and professionalism were tested 24 hours a day, directly contributing to the eventual successful outcome. The reader should learn from this story that not only is airpower an essential element of any major operation, but that its employment is a team effort. More so, it involves men and women on the ground as well as in the air-one cannot function without the other.

Book Synopsis Airpower And The 1972 Spring Invasion [Illustrated Edition] by : Major A. J. C. Lavalle

Download or read book Airpower And The 1972 Spring Invasion [Illustrated Edition] written by Major A. J. C. Lavalle and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illustrated with over 30 maps, diagrams and photos In our continuing desire to bring to the reader an in-depth look at the use of airpower in Southeast Asia, we present. In this volume a truly monumental effort at recounting the myriad of widely separate but not unrelated events and operations that took place during the spring invasion of 1972. In this monograph, the authors from the Air War College present an illuminating story of the people and machines that fought so gallantly during this major enemy offensive. The authors’ breadth of experience in and out of combat enables them to provide a penetrating account of how airpower was brought to bear upon the enemy. The “Vietnamization” program, begun in 1969, had by March of 1972 reduced U. S. manpower involvement in Vietnam from 500,000 to 95,000. U. S. airpower involvement, however, did not decrease proportionately. Although the South Vietnamese Air Force took up the “lion’s share” of the effort, U. S. airmen were still very much involved. During the offensive, their skills, courage and professionalism were tested 24 hours a day, directly contributing to the eventual successful outcome. The reader should learn from this story that not only is airpower an essential element of any major operation, but that its employment is a team effort. More so, it involves men and women on the ground as well as in the air-one cannot function without the other.

Airpower And The 1972 Easter Offensive

Author: Lt.-Col Matthew C. Brand

Publisher: Pickle Partners Publishing

Published: 2015-11-06

Total Pages: 86

ISBN-13: 1786250047

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In the spring of 1972, North Vietnam launched a massive, three-pronged attack into South Vietnam that was eventually repulsed by South Vietnamese forces, United States (US) advisors and massive amounts of American airpower. The problem is determining what factors were key to South Vietnam’s successful defense. To that point, this thesis will address the overall effectiveness of US airpower in defeating North Vietnam’s attack. This paper first examines the strategic and operational environment surrounding the 1972 offensive, including the role and influence that the leaders of the US, Saigon, Hanoi, China, and the Soviet Union had on the conflict. It then shifts to the three primary tactical battles, describing each in detail, from the initial communist successes to their ultimate defeat. Finally, the analysis focuses specifically on airpower’s role, from the massive strategic deployment that doubled the available assets in theater in just over a month, to its operational success striking targets in North Vietnam, to its tactical successes on the various battlefields of South Vietnam. Ultimately, this analysis determines that US airpower, with US advisors playing a critical enabling role, was the decisive element in the defeat of North Vietnam’s Easter Offensive.

Book Synopsis Airpower And The 1972 Easter Offensive by : Lt.-Col Matthew C. Brand

Download or read book Airpower And The 1972 Easter Offensive written by Lt.-Col Matthew C. Brand and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the spring of 1972, North Vietnam launched a massive, three-pronged attack into South Vietnam that was eventually repulsed by South Vietnamese forces, United States (US) advisors and massive amounts of American airpower. The problem is determining what factors were key to South Vietnam’s successful defense. To that point, this thesis will address the overall effectiveness of US airpower in defeating North Vietnam’s attack. This paper first examines the strategic and operational environment surrounding the 1972 offensive, including the role and influence that the leaders of the US, Saigon, Hanoi, China, and the Soviet Union had on the conflict. It then shifts to the three primary tactical battles, describing each in detail, from the initial communist successes to their ultimate defeat. Finally, the analysis focuses specifically on airpower’s role, from the massive strategic deployment that doubled the available assets in theater in just over a month, to its operational success striking targets in North Vietnam, to its tactical successes on the various battlefields of South Vietnam. Ultimately, this analysis determines that US airpower, with US advisors playing a critical enabling role, was the decisive element in the defeat of North Vietnam’s Easter Offensive.

Airpower Applied

Author: John Andreas Olsen

Publisher: Naval Institute Press

Published: 2017-05-15

Total Pages: 281

ISBN-13: 1682470768

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Airpower Applied reviews the evolution of airpower and its impact on the history of warfare. Through a critical examination of twenty-nine case studies in which various U.S. coalitions and Israel played significant roles, this book offers perspectives on the political purpose, strategic meaning, and military importance of airpower. By comparing and contrasting more than seventy-five years of airpower experience in very different circumstances, readers can gain insight into present-day thinking on the use of airpower and on warfare. The authors, all experts in their fields, demystify some of airpower‘s strategic history by extracting the most useful teachings to help military professionals and political leaders understand what airpower has to offer as a “continuation of politics by other means.” The case studies emphasize the importance of connecting policy and airpower: operational effectiveness cannot substitute for poor statecraft. As the United States, its allies, and Israel have seen in their most recent applications of airpower, even the most robust and capable air weapon can never be more effective than the strategy and policy it is intended to support.

Book Synopsis Airpower Applied by : John Andreas Olsen

Download or read book Airpower Applied written by John Andreas Olsen and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Airpower Applied reviews the evolution of airpower and its impact on the history of warfare. Through a critical examination of twenty-nine case studies in which various U.S. coalitions and Israel played significant roles, this book offers perspectives on the political purpose, strategic meaning, and military importance of airpower. By comparing and contrasting more than seventy-five years of airpower experience in very different circumstances, readers can gain insight into present-day thinking on the use of airpower and on warfare. The authors, all experts in their fields, demystify some of airpower‘s strategic history by extracting the most useful teachings to help military professionals and political leaders understand what airpower has to offer as a “continuation of politics by other means.” The case studies emphasize the importance of connecting policy and airpower: operational effectiveness cannot substitute for poor statecraft. As the United States, its allies, and Israel have seen in their most recent applications of airpower, even the most robust and capable air weapon can never be more effective than the strategy and policy it is intended to support.

Air War Vietnam Plans and Operations 1969 - 1975

Author: Elizabeth Hartsook

Publisher: Lulu.com

Published: 2013-03-31

Total Pages: 571

ISBN-13: 0985973099

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During the middle and late 1970s, the United States Air Force Historical Research Center produced a series of 17 monographs that detailed the history of the Vietnam War. These remarkable documents contain a wealth of historical data that explain the background and reasoning behind many controversial decisions. Air War Vietnam is a compilation of these monographs that casts new light on why the Vietnam war was fought the way it was and why a war that could and should have been won was instead lost.

Book Synopsis Air War Vietnam Plans and Operations 1969 - 1975 by : Elizabeth Hartsook

Download or read book Air War Vietnam Plans and Operations 1969 - 1975 written by Elizabeth Hartsook and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2013-03-31 with total page 571 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the middle and late 1970s, the United States Air Force Historical Research Center produced a series of 17 monographs that detailed the history of the Vietnam War. These remarkable documents contain a wealth of historical data that explain the background and reasoning behind many controversial decisions. Air War Vietnam is a compilation of these monographs that casts new light on why the Vietnam war was fought the way it was and why a war that could and should have been won was instead lost.

Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975

Author: Bernard C. Nalty

Publisher:

Published: 2000

Total Pages: 554

ISBN-13:

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Book Synopsis Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975 by : Bernard C. Nalty

Download or read book Air War Over South Vietnam, 1968-1975 written by Bernard C. Nalty and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Moral Imperative

Author: Darrel Whitcomb

Publisher: University Press of Kansas

Published: 2020-12-13

Total Pages: 384

ISBN-13: 0700630066

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In 1972, America was completing its withdrawal from the long and divisive war in Vietnam. Air power covered the departure of ground forces, and search and rescue teams from all services and Air America covered the airmen and soldiers still in the fight. Day and night these military and civilian aircrews stood alert to respond to “Mayday” calls. The rescue forces were the answer to every man’s prayer, and those forces brought home airmen, sailors, marines, and soldiers downed or trapped across the breadth and depth of the entire Southeast Asia theater. Moral Imperative relies on a trove of declassified documents and unit histories to tell their tales. Focusing on 1972, Darrel Whitcomb combines stories of soldiers cut off from their units, advisors trapped with allied forces, and airmen downed deep in enemy territory, with the narratives of the US Air Force, Army, Navy, Marines, contract pilots, and special operations teams ready to conduct rescues in Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam. All of these missions occur against the backdrop of our withdrawal from the war and our diplomatic efforts to achieve a lasting peace. In detail, Whitcomb shows how American rescue forces supported the military response to the North Vietnamese’s massive three-pronged invasion of South Vietnam, America’s subsequent interdiction operations against North Vietnam, and ultimately the strategic bombing of Linebacker II.

Book Synopsis Moral Imperative by : Darrel Whitcomb

Download or read book Moral Imperative written by Darrel Whitcomb and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2020-12-13 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1972, America was completing its withdrawal from the long and divisive war in Vietnam. Air power covered the departure of ground forces, and search and rescue teams from all services and Air America covered the airmen and soldiers still in the fight. Day and night these military and civilian aircrews stood alert to respond to “Mayday” calls. The rescue forces were the answer to every man’s prayer, and those forces brought home airmen, sailors, marines, and soldiers downed or trapped across the breadth and depth of the entire Southeast Asia theater. Moral Imperative relies on a trove of declassified documents and unit histories to tell their tales. Focusing on 1972, Darrel Whitcomb combines stories of soldiers cut off from their units, advisors trapped with allied forces, and airmen downed deep in enemy territory, with the narratives of the US Air Force, Army, Navy, Marines, contract pilots, and special operations teams ready to conduct rescues in Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam. All of these missions occur against the backdrop of our withdrawal from the war and our diplomatic efforts to achieve a lasting peace. In detail, Whitcomb shows how American rescue forces supported the military response to the North Vietnamese’s massive three-pronged invasion of South Vietnam, America’s subsequent interdiction operations against North Vietnam, and ultimately the strategic bombing of Linebacker II.